January to August temperature variability since 1776 inferred from tree-ring width of Pinus tabulaeformis in Helan Mountain

IEECAS SKLLQG

Phylogeography of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. (Pinaceae), a dominant species of coniferous forest in northern China

How coniferous trees in northern China changed their distribution ranges in response to Quaternary climatic oscillations remains largely unknown. Here we report a study of the phylogeography of Pinus tabulaeformis, an endemic and dominant species of coniferous forest in northern China. We examined sequence variation of maternally inherited, seed-dispersed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (nad5 intron 1 and nad4/3-4) and paternally inherited, pollen- and seed-dispersed chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) (rpl16 and trnS-trnG) within and among 30 natural populations across the entire range of the species. Six mitotypes and five chlorotypes were recovered among 291 trees surveyed. Population divergence was high for mtDNA variation (G(ST) = 0.738, N-ST = 0.771) indicating low levels of seed-based gene flow and significant phylogeographical structure (N-ST > G(ST), P < 0.05). The spatial distribution of mitotypes suggests that five distinct population groups exist in the species: one in the west comprising seven populations, a second with a north-central distribution comprising 15 populations, a third with a southern and easterly distribution comprising five populations, a fourth comprising one central and one western population, and a fifth comprising a single population located in the north-central part of the species' range. Each group apart from the fourth group is characterized by a distinct mitotype, with other mitotypes, if present, occurring at low frequency. It is suggested, therefore, that most members of each group apart from Group 4 are derived from ancestors that occupied different isolated refugia in a previous period of range fragmentation of the species, possibly at the time of the Last Glacial Maximum. Possible locations for these refugia are suggested. A comparison of mitotype diversity between northern and southern subgroups within the north-central group of populations (Group 2) showed much greater uniformity in the northern part of the range both within and between populations. This could indicate a northward migration of the species from a southern refugium in this region during the postglacial period, although alternative explanations cannot be ruled out. Two chlorotypes were distributed across the geographical range of the species, resulting in lower levels of among-population chlorotype variation. The geographical pattern of variation for all five chlorotypes provided some indication of the species surviving past glaciations in more than one refugium, although differentiation was much less marked, presumably due to the greater dispersal of cpDNA via pollen.

Zoneamento climático: Pinus taeda no sul do Brasil.

2008

AVALIAÇÃO de parasitismo do pulgão-gigante-do-pinus.

2004

O macaco-prego e os plantios de Pinus spp.

2009

Parâmetros genéticos da densidade básica da madeira de Pinus oocarpa.

2008

Manual para o controle da vespa-da-madeira em plantios de pinus.

Ciclo biológico da vespa-da-madeira; Como identificar a vespa-da-madeira; Como identificar árvores atacadas; Danos provocados pela praga; Medidas preventivas; Manejo florestal; Quarentena; Monitoramento para detecção precoce - instalação de árvores-armadilha; Medidas a serem adotadas após a detecção da praga; Mapeamento das áreas atacadas pela vespa-da-madeira; Amostragem sequencial; Controle biológico; Utilização do nematóide Beddingia siridicola; Utilização de insetos parasitóides; Avaliação da eficiência dos agentes de controle biológico.

Avaliação econômica do cultivo de Pinus sp. para um sistema de produção modal nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina.

2015