Complexity and non-linearity in earth surface processes - concepts, methods and applications

Complexity has long been recognized and is increasingly becoming mainstream in geomorphology. However, the relative novelty of various concepts and techniques associated to it means that ambiguity continues to surround complexity. In this commentary, we present and discuss a variety of recent contributions that have the potential to help clarify issues and advance the use of complexity in geomorphology.

Geschichte der islamischen Welt. Von 1900 bis in die Gegenwart

Der Islam hält die Welt in Atem – die zerfallenden Staaten im Nahen und Mittleren Osten, die Flüchtlingsströme aus den Kriegsgebieten und der blutige Vormarsch des IS sorgen täglich für neue Schlagzeilen. Doch die Verkürzung des Islam auf Religion plus Terrorismus gehört zu den grundlegenden Irrtümern des Westens. Sie durch ein differenzierteres Bild der islamischen Welt und ihrer unterschiedlichen Gesellschaften zu überwinden, das ist die große Leistung dieses Buches. Reinhard Schulze schildert und erklärt die islamische Geschichte vom Beginn der Entkolonialisierung am Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts bis zur dramatischen Situation in unseren Tagen. Er erörtert alle wichtigen politischen, sozialen und kulturellen Entwicklungen und beschränkt sich dabei nicht nur auf den Nahen Osten, sondern geht auch auf die Regionen der islamischen Peripherie ein, wo Millionen von Muslimen leben. Seine glänzende Analyse der Geschehnisse seit dem 11. September 2001 macht vor allem eines deutlich – wir können die Ursachen der heutigen islamischen Mobilisierung nicht verstehen, wenn wir uns nicht mit den historischen Bedingungen vertraut machen, aus denen sie entstanden ist.

Vom Nationalgarde-Ober-Commando: An den Herrn Commandanten des Uhlanen-Vorpostens jenseits von Floridsdorf: Herr Commandant! Sie sind bis in die Nähe unserer Stadt vorgerückt ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Messenhausers Darlegung des Rechtsstandpunkts samt Aufruf, sich Feindseligkeiten zu enthalten, gerichtet an den Kommandanten einer bis in die Nähe Wiens vorgerückten Ulaneneinheit: "Wir haben Niemand den Krieg erklärt; wir stehen gerüstet, solange uns nicht Bürgschaft wird, daß unsern Errungenschaften keinerlei Gefahr drohe."

Years of potential life lost among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in Bexar County

While numerous studies have found similar mortality rates for Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic whites, surprisingly little is known about years of potential life lost (YPLL) differentials in mortality. The primary purpose of this paper is to quantify the effect that YPLL has on Hispanics in order to determine if YPLL differs between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. Using YPLL may bring attention to dissimilarities that are often obscured through traditional measures. Bexar County 2000-2004 data from the Texas Department of State Health Services, Vital Statistics Unit was analyzed for the descriptive analysis and 2003 Bexar County Multiple Cause Death data was analyzed for the regression analysis. The multiple regression models were used to examine Hispanic and non-Hispanic white differences in years of potential life lost (YPLL) before age 75 from all-causes of death. For this analysis, YPLL was regressed on ethnicity, education level and marital status for men and women. The descriptive analysis found YPLL from all-causes was greater among non-Hispanic whites than Hispanics. However, the regression analysis found Hispanics lost more year of potential from all-causes of death compared to non-Hispanic whites. This indicates that the effect of ethnicity on YPLL differs for different methods of analysis. Future research efforts should keep in mind the method of analysis when using YPLL. Understanding differences in mortality among Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites is important for targeting future health policies and research to aid in eliminating Hispanic health disparities. ^

Subiecta opera Origenis non habentur in alijs libris hucusq[ue] impressis, v[alet] : Apologia Iacobi Merlini pro Origene, ...

Pie de imp. tomado del colofón

The Universality of Civil War Definitions: A Study of How Regional Considerations Impact Civil War in Somalia, Colombia, and Angola

Civil war is a socially intimate phenomenon. The viability of the conflict hinges on recruitment for the cause, military strategy, community support, and a variety of other conditional factors. Despite this dependence on local society, many researchers approach civil war from a global perspective, attempting to discover universal truths about this kind of conflict. This capstone project focuses on restricting the operating parameters of civil war research projects to the span of a single continent, hoping to achieve deeper insight by focusing the research using a more culturally sensitive set of parameters. By using cultural data to guide civil war research, conflict indicators can tailor conflict prevention to escalating violent scenarios.

Dominium temporale non fundatur in gratia (Commencement Quaestiones), 1697 July 7

Small paper notebook of John Ballantine with the handwritten Latin quaestiones performed by Ballantine, Eliphalet Adams, Adam Winthrop, and Jabez Fitch as candidates for the Master’s degree during the July 7, 1697 Harvard Commencement ceremony. The Quaestiones begin with Ballantine’s “Dominum temporal non fundatur in gratia,” and follow with “An Jesuitae possint esse boni subditi? Neg Resp. Dom. Winthrop,” "An Ethnicae virtutes sint verae virtutes?" Neg. Resp. Dom. Adams,” and “An detur omnibus an sufficiens ad salutem? Neg. Resp. Dom. Fitch.” The title page bears the inscription: “Jno Ballantine’s Book” and the first page has been torn out.