Co-production and co-creation using self-service technology: the application of service-dominant logic

Research on how customers engage in the co-creation processes envisaged by the Servicedominant logic paradigm is currently limited and even less work has been published on frameworks for organizations to manage the co-creation process. This conceptual paper examines a particular aspect of co-creation: co-production as a result of the application of self-service technology (SST). We propose a conceptual framework for co-production, which emphasizes the need to understand productivity from the point of view of the customer, and demonstrate how this can be applied in both consumer (b2c) and interorganizational(b2b) contexts. We conclude that service organizations might benefit from clearly identifying co-production with task-performance, and co-creation with the valueattributing aspects of the customer service experience. Both aspects generate a range of design and management challenges for suppliers particularly the need to understand the cocreation process 'outputs' desired by customers and the full costs of moving away from person to person interaction.

Fracture toughness determination of adhesive and co-cured joints in natural fibre composites

Adhesive bonding has become more efficient in the last few decades due to the adhesives developments, granting higher strength and ductility. On the other hand, natural fibre composites have recently gained interest due to the low cost and density. It is therefore essential to predict the fracture behavior of joints between these materials, to assess the feasibility of joining or repairing with adhesives. In this work, the tensile fracture toughness (Gc n) of adhesive joints between natural fibre composites is studied, by bonding with a ductile adhesive and co-curing. Conventional methods to obtain Gc n are used for the co-cured specimens, while for the adhesive within the bonded joint, the J-integral is considered. For the J-integral calculation, an optical measurement method is developed for the evaluation of the crack tip opening and adherends rotation at the crack tip during the test, supported by a Matlab sub-routine for the automated extraction of these quantities. As output of this work, an optical method that allows an easier and quicker extraction of the parameters to obtain Gc n than the available methods is proposed (by the J-integral technique), and the fracture behaviour in tension of bonded and co-cured joints in jute-reinforced natural fibre composites is also provided for the subsequent strength prediction. Additionally, for the adhesively- bonded joints, the tensile cohesive law of the adhesive is derived by the direct method.

Mentorships and co-op placements as a means of heightening the need for a secondary school diploma to the education of at-risk students.--

Both educators and politicians appear to be quite concerned about a dropout rate in Ontario's public schools of some 30 percent. With the basic understanding that a high dropout rate is costly both in economic terms and in human terms, something quite obviously needs to be done to reduce the dropout rate in Ontario schools and, in doing so, ensuring Ontario and its graduates an active role in a growing global economy. This study is an exploratory pilot study in that it examined mentoring and the role that mentoring can play in assisting a student in staying in school and graduating from secondary school. Also incorporated in this is co-operative education and the role it can play, through mentoring, in making students aware of lifestyle level of employment, and of the skills necessary to obtain gainful, meaningful employment. In order to gain information on student attitudes, needs and expectations of a mentoring situation, a series of three questionnaires was used. Also, a questionnaire was distributed to the various co-operative education employers. The intent of this questionnaire was to probe the attitudes, needs and expectations of a mentoring situation from the perspective of an employer. The findings of this study indicated that co-operative education and mentoring are a very valuable and useful component in education. There exist certain factors in a co-operative education setting that serve to enhance and to augment the traditional or "theoretical" setting of the classroom. In addition, a mentoring situation tends to add a sense of relevance to education that students seem to require. Also, an opportunity is offered that allows a student to practice and further refine the skills that have been taught over the course of the student's academic life. Results from this study suggested that a mentoring situation, occurring through a co-operative education situation, adds relevance and a sense of "application" to the traditional or classroom schooling situation. The whole idea of mentoring bodes well for the future of education and of the student. Many advantages are identified in a mentoring situation. One of the advantages is that the schools are able to work quite closely with the community and business in order to stay current and informed on the needs and expected needs of the business community. Co-operative education has now gone beyond being an "experimental" mode of education. All students can benefit from being involved in the program. Certainly at-risk students are aided with staying in school. Those students who are said to be not at-risk can also benefit from being enrolled in the program by gaining hands-on work experience and some of the necessary skills to ensure a place in a growing world economy.

Receipt to S. D. Woodruff from R. Woodruff and Co.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from R. Woodruff and Co. of St. Catharines, Dealers in Dry Goods regarding payment for cardigan jacket, Sept. 19, 1875.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from R. Woodruff and Co.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from R. Woodruff and Co. of St. Catharines, Dealers in Dry Goods for various items such as: buttons, gloves, toweling, ties, tape and undershirts, July 1, 1876.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from Gibb and Co.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from Gibb and Co. of Montreal, Merchants, Tailors and Gentlemen’s Haberdashers for a cloth sack coat, July 1876.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from R. Woolworth and Co.

Receipt to S.D. Woodruff from R. Woolworth and Co. of St. Catharines for clothing and personal items, Jan. 1, 1877.

Form letter: a printed, 2 1/2 page copy of Jarvis Conklin and Co. Mortgage, Loans and Municipal Bonds letter to S.D. Woodruff, signed by James Conklin

Form letter: a printed, 2 1/2 page copy of Jarvis Conklin and Co. Mortgage, Loans and Municipal Bonds letter to S.D. Woodruff, signed by James Conklin, n.d.

Letter which was enclosed with the application, bond mortgage and abstract of the Jones and Mater accounts to Samuel Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co.

Letter which was enclosed with the application, bond mortgage and abstract of the Jones and Mater accounts to Samuel Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co., May 4, 1882.

Letter to Jarvis Franklin and Co. from Samuel Woodruff

Letter to Jarvis Franklin and Co. acknowledging the receipts and copies of application from Samuel Woodruff, May 19, 1882.

Letter regarding farm loans addressed to S.D. Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co.

Letter (1 page, printed) regarding farm loans addressed to S.D. Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co., Sept. 12, 1882.

Letter to Samuel Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co. regarding Conklin, Dennis, Griffin and Howard

Letter to Samuel Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co. regarding Conklin, Dennis, Griffin and Howard accounts, Sept. 23, 1882.

Letter to S.D. Woodruff from Jarvis, Conklin and Co.

Letter to S.D. Woodruff acknowledging his “kind favour” of returning the check for accrued interest. This is signed by Jarvis, Conklin and Co., Oct. 3, 1882.

Letter to Jarvis, Conklin and Co. regarding the Shelby account

Letter to Jarvis, Conklin and Co. regarding the Shelby account. The letter is unsigned, but it is in Samuel Woodruff’s handwriting, Oct. 29, 1883.

Letter to Jarvis, Conklin and Co. is in S.D. Woodruff’s handwriting, but unsigned regarding the Shelby and Cunningham accounts

Letter (1 ¼ pages, handwritten) to Jarvis, Conklin and Co. is in S.D. Woodruff’s handwriting, but unsigned regarding the Shelby and Cunningham accounts, March 25, 1883.