Dinâmica populacional da mosca-doschifres como ferramenta de predição da fixação da resistência a pesticidas.

Buscando-se estabelecer a dinâmica populacional da mosca-dos-chifres foi realizado o acompanhamento de dois rebanhos bovinos estabelecidos em regiões climáticas contrastantes, o que possibilitou identificar que além da temperatura e da precipitação, o número de dias de chuva apresenta influência direta na infestação sobre os animais e que sob as condições climáticas do trópico úmido, a mosca-dos-chifres tem a capacidade de produzir até cerca de 15 gerações anuais. Tais informações, associadas a realização de testes diagnósticos da resistência a pesticidas, tornam-se relevantes na elaboração de estratégias de controle para as populações da mosca-dos-chifres, uma vez que a capacidade anual da espécie em gerar descendentes no Brasil mostra-se favorável à rápida seleção de indivíduos resistentes as bases utilizadas em seu controle.

Dinâmica populacional da mosca-doschifres como ferramenta de predição da fixação da resistência a pesticidas.

Buscando-se estabelecer a dinâmica populacional da mosca-dos-chifres foi realizado o acompanhamento de dois rebanhos bovinos estabelecidos em regiões climáticas contrastantes, o que possibilitou identificar que além da temperatura e da precipitação, o número de dias de chuva apresenta influência direta na infestação sobre os animais e que sob as condições climáticas do trópico úmido, a mosca-dos-chifres tem a capacidade de produzir até cerca de 15 gerações anuais. Tais informações, associadas a realização de testes diagnósticos da resistência a pesticidas, tornam-se relevantes na elaboração de estratégias de controle para as populações da mosca-dos-chifres, uma vez que a capacidade anual da espécie em gerar descendentes no Brasil mostra-se favorável à rápida seleção de indivíduos resistentes as bases utilizadas em seu controle.

Não preferência para alimentação em linhagens de meloeiro por mosca-minadora, Liriomyza sativae.

2016

Resistência de mosca branca, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) a metamidofos.

1991

Avaliação da resistência induzida por cis-jasmona em coqueiro em relação à mosca-branca.

2016

Alternativas para o manejo sustentável da mosca-das-frutas na Região Sul do Brasil.

2012

The case for quantum key distribution

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises secure key agreement by using quantum mechanical systems. We argue that QKD will be an important part of future cryptographic infrastructures. It can provide long-term confidentiality for encrypted information without reliance on computational assumptions. Although QKD still requires authentication to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks, it can make use of either information-theoretically secure symmetric key authentication or computationally secure public key authentication: even when using public key authentication, we argue that QKD still offers stronger security than classical key agreement.

Quantum coins

One of the earliest cryptographic applications of quantum information was to create quantum digital cash that could not be counterfeited. In this paper, we describe a new type of quantum money: quantum coins, where all coins of the same denomination are represented by identical quantum states. We state desirable security properties such as anonymity and unforgeability and propose two candidate quantum coin schemes: one using black box operations, and another using blind quantum computation.

Prospective, non-randomized phase 2 clinical trial of carboplatin plus paclitaxel with sequential radical pelvic radiotherapy for uterine papillary serous carcinoma

Objective Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC) is uncommon and accounts for less than 5% of all uterine cancers. Therefore the majority of evidence about the benefits of adjuvant treatment comes from retrospective case series. We conducted a prospective multi-centre non-randomized phase 2 clinical trial using four cycles of adjuvant paclitaxel plus carboplatin chemotherapy followed by pelvic radiotherapy, in order to evaluate the tolerability and safety of this approach. Methods This trial enrolled patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients with stage 1b-4 (FIGO-1988) UPSC with a papillary serous component of at least 30%. Paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC 6) were administered on day 1 of each 3-week cycle for 4 cycles. Chemotherapy was followed by external beam radiotherapy to the whole pelvis (50.4 Gy over 5.5 weeks). Completion and toxicity of treatment (Common Toxicity Criteria, CTC) and quality of life measures were the primary outcome indicators. Results Twenty-nine of 31 patients completed treatment as planned. Dose reduction was needed in 9 patients (29%), treatment delay in 7 (23%), and treatment cessation in 2 patients (6.5%). Hematologic toxicity, grade 3 or 4 occurred in 19% (6/31) of patients. Patients' self-reported quality of life remained stable throughout treatment. Thirteen of the 29 patients with stages 1–3 disease (44.8%) recurred (average follow up 28.1 months, range 8–60 months). Conclusion This multimodal treatment is feasible, safe and tolerated reasonably well and would be suitable for use in multi-institutional prospective randomized clinical trials incorporating novel therapies in patients with UPSC.

Safety, feasibility and effects of an individualised walking intervention for women undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer : a pilot study

Background: Exercise interventions during adjuvant cancer therapy have been shown to increase functional capacity, relieve fatigue and distress and may assist rates of chemotherapy completion. These studies have been limited to breast, gastric and mixed cancer groups and it is not yet known if a similar intervention is even feasible among women with ovarian cancer. We aimed to assess safety, feasibility and potential effect of a walking intervention in women undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. Methods: Women newly diagnosed with ovarian cancer were recruited to participate in an individualised walking intervention throughout chemotherapy and were assessed pre-and post-intervention. Feasibility measures included session adherence, compliance with exercise physiologist prescribed walking targets and self-reported program acceptability. Changes in objective physical functioning (6 minute walk test), self-reported distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), symptoms (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale - Physical) and quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Ovarian) were calculated, and chemotherapy completion and adverse intervention effects recorded. Results: Seventeen women were enrolled (63% recruitment rate). Mean age was 60 years (SD = 8 years), 88% were diagnosed with FIGO stage III or IV disease, 14 women underwent adjuvant and three neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. On average, women adhered to > 80% of their intervention sessions and complied with 76% of their walking targets, with the majority walking four days a week at moderate intensity for 30 minutes per session. Meaningful improvements were found in physical functioning, physical symptoms, physical well-being and ovarian cancerspecific quality of life. Most women (76%) completed ≥85% of their planned chemotherapy dose. There were no withdrawals or serious adverse events and all women reported the program as being helpful. Conclusions: These positive preliminary results suggest that this walking intervention for women receiving chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is safe, feasible and acceptable and could be used in development of future work. Trial registration: ACTRN12609000252213

Quantum key distribution in the classical authenticated key exchange framework

Key establishment is a crucial primitive for building secure channels in a multi-party setting. Without quantum mechanics, key establishment can only be done under the assumption that some computational problem is hard. Since digital communication can be easily eavesdropped and recorded, it is important to consider the secrecy of information anticipating future algorithmic and computational discoveries which could break the secrecy of past keys, violating the secrecy of the confidential channel. Quantum key distribution (QKD) can be used generate secret keys that are secure against any future algorithmic or computational improvements. QKD protocols still require authentication of classical communication, although existing security proofs of QKD typically assume idealized authentication. It is generally considered folklore that QKD when used with computationally secure authentication is still secure against an unbounded adversary, provided the adversary did not break the authentication during the run of the protocol. We describe a security model for quantum key distribution extending classical authenticated key exchange (AKE) security models. Using our model, we characterize the long-term security of the BB84 QKD protocol with computationally secure authentication against an eventually unbounded adversary. By basing our model on traditional AKE models, we can more readily compare the relative merits of various forms of QKD and existing classical AKE protocols. This comparison illustrates in which types of adversarial environments different quantum and classical key agreement protocols can be secure.

Increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A) gene product P16INK4A in ovarian cancer is associated with progression and unfavourable prognosis

Paraffin sections from 190 epithelial ovarian tumours, including 159 malignant and 31 benign epithelial tumours, were analysed immunohistochemically for expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A) gene product p16INK4A (p16). Most benign tumours showed no p16 expression in the tumour cells, whereas only 11% of malignant cancers were p16 negative. A high proportion of p16-positive tumour cells was associated with advanced stage and grade, and with poor prognosis in cancer patients. For FIGO stage 1 tumours, a high proportion of p16-positive tumour cells was associated with poorer survival, suggesting that accumulation of p16 is an early event of ovarian tumorigenesis. In contrast to tumour cells, high expression of p16 in the surrounding stromal cells was not associated with the stage and grade, but was associated with longer survival. When all parameters were combined in multivariate analysis, high p16 expression in stromal cells was not an independent predictor for survival, indicating that low p16 expression in stromal cells is associated with other markers of tumour progression. High expression of p16 survival in the stromal cells of tumours from long-term survivors suggests that tumour growth is limited to some extent by factors associated with p16 expression in the matrix.

Utilización de "microorganismos efectivos" en el manejo de insectos-plagas del cultivo del tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) variedad UC-82 en el Valle de Sébaco, Matagalpa

El trabajo se realizó de Octubre de 1996 a Marzo de 1997, en la Estación Experimental "Raúl González" del valle de Sébaco, Matagalpa. Se evaluó la utilización de "Microorganismos Efectivos" en el manejo de insectos-plagas y enfermedades en el cultivo del tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mili), variedad UC-82. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron: Tratamiento 1, Productos Químicos; Tratamiento 2, Neem (Azadirachta indica); Tratamiento 3, EM-5B (extracto de hierbas y microorganismos); Tratamiento 4, EM-5 (microorganismos); Tratamiento 5, Testigo absoluto (sin ningún tipo de aplicación). En la etapa de semillero los tratamientos EM-5 y EM-5B mostraron un efecto reductor sobre las poblaciones de mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci Genn). Después del trasplante la mayor densidad de mosca blanca se observó en el tratamiento a base de productos químicos. El mayor porcentaje de poblaciones de Lyriomiza spp. lo obtuvieron los tratamientos químicos y EM-5. En cuanto al porcentaje de población de Diabrotica spp. no se presentaron diferencias significativas a lo largo del experimento. Referente al daño causado por Heliothis spp. se observó a los 77 DDT (días después del trasplante), los tratamientos en los que menos daños se presentaron fueron neem y químico. Sin embargo estos mismos tratamientos mostraron mayor incidencia de virosis a los 42 DDT, asi mismo no se observó diferencias estadísticas. La mayor altura la presentó el tratamiento EM-5B y el mayor número de hijos lo obtuvo el tratamiento químico y EM-5. También se presentaron resultados positivos entre los caracteres grosor del mesocarpio y diámetro polar y ecuatorial obteniendo los mejores resultados EM- 5 y EM-5B. En cuanto al rendimiento comercial de producción el tratamiento que dio valores más aceptables fue el de Neem con 26,974 Kg/Ha de frutos comercializables con rendimiento total 27,979 Kg/Ha; haciendo la salvedad que este tratamiento fue fertilizado con el biofertilizante EM-Bokashi

Evaluación agronómica de cinco cultivares de pimiento dulce (Capsicum annuum L.) sembrados en la estación experimental "Raúl González" del Valle de Sébaco, Matagalpa

El trabajo se realizó en el periodo comprendido entre Febrero y Junio de 1995 en la Estación Experimental "Raúl González" del Valle de Sébaco, Matagalpa El ANDEVA realizado a los cultivares evaluados demostró que la mayoría de las variables medidas presentaron diferencias significativas entre sí. En cuanto a la floración y fructificación la mayor precocidad la presentaron los cultivares Criolla a los 24 y 34 días después del transplante (ddt), y XP-789 a los 26 y 37 días después del transplante. Respecto a los rendimientos comerciales el cultivar XP-789 produjo los valores más altos en las dos cosechas con 2,713.6 y 1,815.7 kg/ha. Además mostró el mayor rendimiento total con 5083 kg/ha; las mayores pérdidas las presentaron los cultivares Yolo Wonder con 71.73%, seguido por Criolla y XP-789 con 57.24 y 41.42%, respectivamente. La matriz de correlación realizada, se obtuvo correlaciones positivas desde el punto de vista fenotlpico entre los carácteres altura de planta con diámetro del tallo, ancho de la hoja, largo de la hoja, asi mismo, el diámetro del tallo tuvo correlación con largo y ancho de la hoja. La correlación entre los componentes del rendimiento presentaron correlaciones positivas entre número total de frutos malos y rendimiento de frutos buenos. La incidencia de plagas en el cultivo, todos los cultivares fueron afectados en las diferentes fechas en que se realizaron los recuentos, encontrándose una mayor incidencia en el cultivar Maccabi tanto para mosca blanca (Bemicia tabaci G.) como para picudo (Anthonomus eugenii C.). El cultivar Tainong obtuvo la menor incidencia de picudo y de mosca blanca.

Evaluación de cinco cultivares de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), en el Valle de Sébaco

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en la Estación Experimental Raúl González del Valle de Sébaco, Matagalpa en el período comprendido del 24 de Febrero al 1O de Junio de 1995. Con el objetivo de hacer una evaluación de cinco cultivares de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), cuyos tratamientos fueron cuatro cultivares de origen israelita (Ty-8472, Ty-8484, Ty-5656 y Ty-8479) y dos de origen Estado unidense (XPH-5979 y UC-82). Los objetivos de este experimento eran: Determinar la tolerancia de los cultivares de tomate a la virosis trasmitida por el adulto mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci Genn) y evaluar el potencial de rendimiento de éstos. El experimento se estableció en un bloque completo al azar con cuatro replicas. Los cultivares de origen israelitas mostraron un mayor número de adultos de moscas blancas, tanto en semillero (2- 32 adultos/planta), como en la plantación (4-9 adultos/planta), con la excepción del cultivar Ty-8479, estos mostraron una menor incidencia de virosis. Esto indica que éstos cultivares pueden establecerse en localidades donde haya alta presencia de éste insecto, no obstante, es fundamental realizar un buen manejo agronómico y fitosanitario de la plantación. Los cultivares Ty-8484, XPH-5979 y Ty-5656 obtuvieron los mayores rendimientos (12.72, 1L70, y 11.47 ton/ha), debido a que éstos presentaron frutos mas grande, un mayor número de plantas cosechadas y mostraron tolerancia a la virosis trasmitida por Bemisia tabaci Genn, lo que se refleja en un mejor rendimiento de frutos.