146 resultados para Michelia figo
Resumo:
Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP)
Resumo:
Insetos so estudados como modelos biolgicos e evolutivos devido, principalmente, ao tamanho reduzido e ciclo de vida curto, tendo importncia ecolgica pelo fato de gerarem diversos benefcios em todos os ecossistemas e estarem presentes em todos os nveis trficos. A espcie Zaprionus indianus pertence famlia Drosophilidae, nativa da frica Tropical e foi recentemente introduzida no Brasil, causando grande preocupao devido aos danos causados na produo de figo roxo (Ficus carica). A temperatura um dos fatores abiticos que influencia a velocidade de desenvolvimento, fecundidade e disperso dos insetos, provocando alteraes em aspectos morfolgicos e relativos ao ciclo de vida de drosofildeos. Estudos sobre a influncia da temperatura no desenvolvimento de Z. indianus so importantes para um futuro programa de controle dessa praga, de acordo com as caractersticas climticas de cada regio. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas, em diferentes densidades larvais, sobre a espcie Z. indianus, visando analisar sua curva de crescimento e tamanho de asa. Adultos de Z. indianus foram coletados nas dependncias da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Rio Claro - SP), com auxlio de pu entomolgico. Da amostra de drosofildeos coletados, os espcimes de Z. indianus foram identificados e mantidos em potes plsticos redondos, estes acondicionados em cmaras climticas sob condies controladas de temperatura e umidade e fotoperodo. Foi oferecida como alimento dieta artificial comum de drosofildeos feita base de banana. Os ovos obtidos foram contados e separados em densidades de 100 e 500 indivduos, em duplicata para cada densidade e temperatura testadas; os imaturos foram mantidos sob as mesmas condies que os parentais, exceto pela temperatura que foi estipulada de forma a se estudar os efeitos de trs... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrnico abaixo)
Resumo:
O manejo integrado de pragas vem ganhando cada vez mais espao no agronegcio brasileiro, sendo importante em mtodos de controle que visam a sustentabilidade na agricultura. Atualmente tem-se aumentado cada vez mais a demanda por defensivos agrcolas naturais, que sejam economicamente e ecologicamente viveis. Analisando-se as espcies pragas recentemente introduzidas no Brasil, encontra-se Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970, popularmente conhecida como mosca-do-figo. Este drosofildeo tem apresentado um alto potencial de infestao, sendo um organismo limitante ficicultura e que causa grandes prejuzos econmicos a seus produtores. Dentre as diversas formas de controle de pragas, podem ser citados os bioinseticidas como o Nim (Azadirachta indica), o qual apresenta baixa toxicidade em relao aos inseticidas qumicos, e que vem despertando interesse devido as suas propriedades e seu potencial como inseticida natural. Sabendo-se da urgente necessidade em controlar essa praga, o presente trabalho estudou os efeitos da interao de leo de Nim, da marca comercial Prneem Plus sobre o desenvolvimento populacional de Z. indianus. Os testes foram realizados com indivduos da F1 - adultos e imaturos - oriundos da criao de Z. indianus, no Laboratrio de Entomologia I do Departamento de Zoologia, UNESP campus de Rio Claro. Foram realizados quatro diferentes experimentos, considerando o potencial bioinseticida e de repelncia do produto, testando-se as concentraes de 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2% sob condies de laboratrio e as concentraes de 0,35; 0,5 e 0,75% em monocultura de figo. O leo de Nim apresentou atividade inseticida para a fase larval de Z. indianus, nas concentraes de 0,5; 1; 1,5 e 2%, causando elevada mortalidade e retardando o desenvolvimento da espcie, porm, no apresentou toxicidade significativa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrnico abaixo)
Resumo:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico (CNPq)
Resumo:
Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
Objective. To evaluate the potential effects of race on clinical characteristics, extent of disease, and response to chemotherapy in women with postmolar low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).Methods. This non-concurrent cohort study was undertaken including patients with FIGO-defined postmolar low-risk GTN treated with comparable doses and schedules of chemotherapy at the New England Trophoblastic Disease Center (NETDC) between 1973 and 2012. Racial groups investigated included whites, African American and Asians. Information on patient characteristics and response to chemotherapy (need for second line chemotherapy, reason for changing to an alternative chemotherapy, number of cycles/regimens, need for combination chemotherapy, and time to hCG remission) was obtained.Results. Of 316 women, 274 (86.7%) were white, 19 (6%) African American, and 23 (7.3%) Asian. African Americans were significantly younger than white and Asian women (p = 0.008). Disease presentation, and extent of disease, including antecedent molar histology, median time to persistence, median hCG level at persistence, rate of D&C at persistence, presence of metastatic disease, and FIGO stage and risk score were similar among races. Need for second line chemotherapy (p = 0.023), and median number of regimens (p = 0.035) were greater in Asian women than in other races.Conclusions. Low-risk GTN was more aggressive in Asian women, who were significantly more likely to need second line chemotherapy and a higher number of chemotherapy regimens to achieve complete remission than women of African American and Asian descent. Further studies involving racial differences related to clinical, biological and environmental characteristics are needed. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.
Resumo:
To re-evaluate the safety of hormonal contraceptives (HC) after uterine evacuation of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). Historical database review. Charing Cross Hospital Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Centre, London, United Kingdom. Two thousand four hundred and twenty-three women with CHM of whom 154 commenced HC while their human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was still elevated, followed between 2003 and 2012. We compared time to hCG remission between HC users and nonusers. The relationship between HC use and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) development was assessed. The relationship between HC use and a high International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) risk score was determined. Time to hCG remission, risk of developing postmolar GTN and proportion of women with high FIGO risk score. No relationship was observed between HC use with mean time to hCG remission (HC users versus non-users: 12 weeks in both, P = 0.19), GTN development (HC users versus non-users: 20.1 and 16.7%, P = 0.26) or high-risk FIGO score (HC users versus nonusers: 0% and 8%, P = 0.15). Moreover, no association between HC and GTN development was found, even when an age-adjusted model was used (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 0.91-2.08, P = 0.13). The use of current HC is not associated with development of postmolar GTN or delayed time to hCG remission. Therefore, HC can be safely used to prevent a new conception following CHM regardless of hCG level. Non-concurrent cohort study to re-evaluate the safety of low dose HCs after uterine evacuation of CHM.
Resumo:
Malignant mesodermal tumors of the uterus are an inhomogenous group of uterine malignancies with different pathogenesis, clinical presentation and prognosis. These rare tumors represent approximately 1 % of all uterine malignancies. The aggressive carcinosarcomas or mixed muellerian tumors are defined by mixed malignant epithelial and malignant mesodermal histopathology and are of the same precursor cell origin like endometrial cancer. Thus, carcinosarcomas were reclassified by the FIGO as an aggressive type of endometrial cancer and treated like type II endometrial cancer. Adenosarcomas are also mixed tumors with benign epithelial proliferation and malignant mesodermal cell growth, have a good prognosis and represent less than 5 % of all mesodermal uterine malignancies. Besides carcinosarcomas, the pure mesodermal leiomyosarcomas are the most common mesodermal malignancies. Patients with leiomyosarcamos are usually perimenopausal, and although more than half of the patients present with symptoms, diagnosis occurs incidentally in most cases in final histopathologic workup of an excised putative myoma or uterus. Adequate anamnesis, gynecologic examination and careful imaging by transvaginal ultrasound in the preoperative setting might hint to correct differential diagnosis in many cases. Overall the prognosis of uterine leiomyomas is poor. Malignancies of the endometrial stroma are very rare and divided in two subgroups, the mostly estrogen receptor positive endometrial stromal sarcoma, which occur preferably in premenopausal women and show a favorable prognosis, and the very aggressive undifferentiated endometrial sarcomas. The more rare undifferentiated endometrial sarcomas occur in postmenopausal women and most patients die in the first two years after diagnosis. Risk stratification of preoperative differential diagnosis requires improvements and the correct histopathologic workup of mesodermal uterine malignancies is still a challenge for pathologists.
Resumo:
Several members of the human kallikrein-related peptidase family, including KLK6, are up-regulated in ovarian cancer. High KLK6 mRNA or protein expression, measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoassay, respectively, was previously found to be associated with a shortened overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS, respectively). In the present study, we aimed at analyzing KLK6 protein expression in ovarian cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry. Using a newly developed monospecific polyclonal antibody, KLK6 immunoexpression was initially evaluated in normal tissues. We observed strong staining in the brain and moderate staining in the kidney, liver, and ovary, whereas the pancreas and the skeletal muscle were unreactive, which is in line with previously published results. Next, both tumor cell- and stromal cell-associated KLK6 immunoexpression were analyzed in tumor tissue specimens of 118 ovarian cancer patients. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, only stromal cell-associated expression, besides the established clinical parameters FIGO stage and residual tumor mass, was found to be statistically significant for OS and PFS [high vs. low KLK6 expression; hazard ratio (HR), 1.92; p=0.017; HR, 1.80; p=0.042, respectively]. These results indicate that KLK6 expressed by stromal cells may considerably contribute to the aggressiveness of ovarian cancer.
Resumo:
PURPOSE Standard dose of external beam radiotherapy seems to be insufficient for satisfactory control of loco-regionally advanced cervical cancer. Aim of our study is to evaluate the outcome as well as early and chronic toxicities in patients with loco-regionally advanced cervical cancer, treated with dose escalated intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with cisplatin chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients with cervical carcinoma FIGO stage IB2 - IVA were treated with curative intent between 2006 and 2010. The dose of 50.4Gy was prescribed to the elective pelvic nodal volume. Primary tumors<4cm in diameter (n=6; 15.4%) received an external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) boost of 5.4Gy, primary tumors>4cm in diameter (n=33; 84.6%) received an EBRT boost of 9Gy. Patients with positive lymph nodes detected with (18)FDG-PET/CT (n=22; 56.4%) received a boost to a total dose of 59.4 - 64.8Gy. The para-aortic region was included in the radiation volume in 8 (20.5%) patients and in 5 (12.8%) patients the para-aortic macroscopic lymph nodes received an EBRT boost. IMRT was followed with a 3D planned high dose rate intrauterine brachytherapy given to 36 (92.3%) patients with a total dose ranging between 15-18Gy in three fractions (single fraction: 4-6.5Gy). Patients without contraindications (n=31/79.5%) received concomitantly a cisplatin-based chemotherapy (40mg/kg) weekly. Toxicities were graded according to the common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE v 4.0). RESULTS Mean overall survival for the entire cohort was 61.1months (3.5months). Mean disease free survival was 47.2months (4.9months) and loco-regional disease free survival was 55.2months (4.4months). 65% of patients developed radiotherapy associated acute toxicities grade 1, ca. 30% developed toxicities grade 2 and just two (5.2%) patients developed grade 3 toxicities, one acute diarrhea and one acute cystitis. 16% of patients had chronic toxicities grade 1, 9% grade 2 and one patient (2.6%) toxicities grade 3 in the form of vaginal dryness. CONCLUSION Dose escalated IMRT appears to have a satisfactory outcome with regards to mean overall survival, disease free and loco-regional disease free survival, whereas the treatment-related toxicities remain reasonably low.
Resumo:
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify clinical variables that may predict the need for adjuvant radiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and radical surgery in locally advanced cervical cancer patients. METHODS A retrospective series of cervical cancer patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages IB2-IIB treated with NACT followed by radical surgery was analyzed. Clinical predictors of persistence of intermediate- and/or high-risk factors at final pathological analysis were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate analysis and using a model based on artificial intelligence known as artificial neuronal network (ANN) analysis. RESULTS Overall, 101 patients were available for the analyses. Fifty-two (51%) patients were considered at high risk secondary to parametrial, resection margin and/or lymph node involvement. When disease was confined to the cervix, four (4%) patients were considered at intermediate risk. At univariate analysis, FIGO grade 3, stage IIB disease at diagnosis and the presence of enlarged nodes before NACT predicted the presence of intermediate- and/or high-risk factors at final pathological analysis. At multivariate analysis, only FIGO grade 3 and tumor diameter maintained statistical significance. The specificity of ANN models in evaluating predictive variables was slightly superior to conventional multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS FIGO grade, stage, tumor diameter, and histology are associated with persistence of pathological intermediate- and/or high-risk factors after NACT and radical surgery. This information is useful in counseling patients at the time of treatment planning with regard to the probability of being subjected to pelvic radiotherapy after completion of the initially planned treatment.
Resumo:
Texto traducido con autorizacin de la Federacin Internacional de Ginecologa y Obstetricia (FIGO): Cook, R. J., Erdman, J.N., Hevia, M, Dickens, B.M, Prenatal management of anencephaly. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
Resumo:
Traducido de: Cook, R.J, M. Arango Olaya y B. M. Dickens. Healthcare Responsibilities and Conscientious Objection. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009
