890 resultados para Magazzino automatico utensili modellazione incremento prestazioni FDM prove sperimentali
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El efecto de una mezcla de tres cepas de Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoll (CIAT-613, CR-477 y KIM-5) relacionado con los factores limitantes del suelo (P, Ca, Cu, y Zn) sobre la simbiosis en tres variedades de Phaseolus vulgaris L. (DOR-364, ESTELI-90B y FIEVOLUCION-84) fue estudiado en un suelo Molisol y un Aluvial en las localidades de San Diego (Nandaime) y San Lorenzo (La Trinidad, Estelí), respectivamente, bajo condiciones de labranza convencional para ambas localidades. En la localidad de San Lorenzo se trabajó con las variedades DOR-364 y EST-908 con la corrección del cobre (factor A) y el zinc (factor 8), mientras que en la localidad de San Diego, el trabajo se realizó con las variedades DOR-364 y REVOLUCION-84 y la corrección del calcio (factor A) y el fósforo (factor 8), Ambos estudios se llevaron a cabo en época de postrera de 1994. En los dos ensayos la inoculación se hizo directamente a la semilla. Los tratamientos a evaluar fueron los siguientes: Alto nitrógeno, bajo nitrógeno como testigos (sin inocular), mezcla de inoculantes con (-A,-B), (+A,-B), (-A,+B), y (+A,+B) para un total de seis tratamientos por cada variedad. El diseño usado fue de bloques completos al azar (B.C.A). Las variables evaluadas fueron: Número y peso seco de nódulos, peso de materia seca de la planta en R6, peso de mil granos y rendimiento de grano en R9. Los datos se procesaron usando análisis de varianza (ANDEVA) y se utilizó la prueba de rangos múltiples de DUNCAN (P ≤ 0,05). Se observó a nivel general en ambos experimentos que la variedad introducida mostró un mayor rendimiento y que el mejor rendimiento de grano se obtuvo con el tratamiento en el que se usó alta dosis de nitrógeno y sin inocular. Por otro lado el rendimiento de frijol fue afectado negativamente por las aplicaciones de zinc en el caso del experimento en San Lorenzo. Para la localidad de San Diego se obtuvo respuesta positiva a las aplicaciones de fósforo junto con la mezcla de inoculantes usados. En los dos experimentos no se encontró respuesta significativa con el uso de la mezcla de inoculantes relacionados con los elementos limitantes del suelo comparado con los testigos.
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En el presente trabajo experimental se evaluó la respuesta a la inoculación de dos variedades de frijol común Phaseolus vulgaris L. con el objetivo de incrementar los rendimientos unitarios. Las variedades fueron DOR-364 y EST-90B, inoculadas con tres cepas de Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli (CR-477, KIM-5 y CIAT-613) bajo condiciones de labranza convencional en la localidad de San Lorenzo, ubicada a 1O km del municipio de La Trinidad en el departamento de Estelí. Este estudio se realizó en dos etapas, postrera (1993) y primera (1994). En la primera etapa experimental se aplicó el inoculante al suelo al momento de la siembra y en la segunda etapa la inoculación se hizo a la semilla. En la primera etapa se utilizaron dos inoculantes (KIM-5 y CR-477) comparados con dos testigos sin inocular, con bajo nitrógeno (20 kg/ha de N) y el testigo sin inocular y el otro con alto nitrógeno (90 kg/ha de N en forma fraccionada). En la segunda etapa experimental, los tratamientos inoculados (KIM-5, CR-477, CIAT-613 y mezcla de las tres cepas), se compararon siempre con dos testigos sin inocular, uno sin nitrógeno y otro con alto nitrógeno (50 kg/ha de N). El diseño utilizado para ambas fases fue el de parcelas divididas (DPD). En el primer ensayo las variables medidas fueron número y peso seco de nódulos, peso seco de la parte aérea en las etapas R6 y R8 así como el rendimiento de grano. En el segundo ensayo se hicieron las mismas mediciones con la excepción del peso seco de la parte aérea en la etapa R8 del cultivo. En el primer experimento hubo respuesta significativa a la inoculación con las cepas evaluadas en la etapa R8 del cultivo, mientras que en el segundo experimento no hubo respuesta significativa en el peso seco de la parte aérea en esta etapa, en donde el mejor tratamiento fue el fertilizado con alto nitrógeno en el primer ensayo. En la primera fase del estudio, el rendimiento aunque no significativo, se vio favorecido con la fertilización nitrogenada para ambas variedades. En el segundo experimento se observó diferencias significativas en el rendimiento de grano, obteniéndose los más altos rendimientos con el tratamiento CR-477 en ambas variedades. En este estudio los tratamientos fertilizados presentaron menor rendimiento comparado con los tratamientos sin nitrógeno.
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Esta investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar la sobrevivencia y el incremento de seis especies forestales: Caoba del Pacífico (Swietenia humilis. Zucc.), Pochote (Pachira quinata (Jacq.) Alverson), Roble ( Tabebuia rosea(Bertol) DC.), Teca (Tectona grandis L.F.), Caoba Africana (Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss) y Ñambar (Dalbergia retusa Hemsl). La plantación se encuentra establecida en la finca Eco forestal, San Juan del Sur, Rivas. Se inventariaron 62 parcelas de 20m x 20m (400 m²), estas parcelas tienen un área útil de 225m², las plantas están establecidas con un distanciamiento de 2.5m x 2.5m entre planta, cada parcela contiene 64 árboles y la parcela útil contiene 36 árboles, el inventario se aplicó a la parcela útil. Las variables evaluadas fueron diámetro, altura total y sobrevivencia. La sobrevivencia general de la plantación fue 76% (entre las edades de 5 a 11 años). La especie que presentó mayor porcentaje de sobrevivencia fue Caoba africana (Khaya enegalensis(Desr) con 87% y la especie que presentó menor porcentaje de sobrevivencia fue el Pochote (Pachira quinata (Jacq.)con 66.59%. El mayor incremento medio anual en diámetro lo obtuvo la especie Caoba africana (Khaya senegalensis (Desr)) con 1.6 cm/año, mientras que el Ñambar (Dalbergiaretus a Hemsl.) presentó el menor incremento medio anual en diámetro con 0.82 cm/año. Los valores en incremento medio en altura total por especie la Teca (Tectona grandis L.F.)presentó el mayor valor con 1.11 m/año, debido a que es una especie de rápido crecimiento y el espaciamiento fue ideal para dicho incremento, mientras que el Ñambar (Dalbergia retusa Hemsl.) presentó el menor incremento medio anual en altura con 0.64 m/año
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196 p. :il.
O novo perfil da culpa na responsabilidade civil: a culpa como critério para gradação da indenização
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A presente tese propõe um estudo teórico dos perfis estrutural e funcional da culpa a partir do novo marco normativo introduzido no direito brasileiro pelo parágrafo único, do artigo 944 do Código Civil. Por meio de uma análise da disciplina normativa da culpa na seara da responsabilidade civil extracontratual, demonstra-se, neste trabalho que, a despeito do incremento das hipóteses de responsabilidade objetiva, a culpa ainda detém papel relevante no Direito Civil brasileiro. Além de atuar como fator de surgimento do dever de indenizar, a culpa também desempenha hoje a importante função de critério para fixação do valor da indenização. Os estudos realizados comprovam que esses diferentes papéis da culpa lhe imprimem contornos normativos distintos, não sendo mais possível hoje a adoção de uma teoria unitária para a descrição desse instituto jurídico. Ao contrário de seu perfil na esfera das regras de imputação de responsabilidade, onde é apreciada de forma abstrata e objetiva, no plano em que atua como critério de definição da extensão da indenização, a culpa assume feições concretas e pessoais. O estudo foi realizado mediante pesquisa bibliográfica, que compreendeu levantamento de doutrina, jurisprudência e legislação pertinentes.
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Submitted by zhangdi (zhangdi@red.semi.ac.cn) on 2009-04-13T11:45:31Z
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Submitted by zhangdi (zhangdi@red.semi.ac.cn) on 2009-04-13T11:45:31Z
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17 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.
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p.193-196
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This article takes a multidimensional or biopsychosocial conception of drug dependency as its starting point. Within this analytical framework, we advocate making the intercultural dimension more visible, since it is essential for the design and implementation of integral intervention processes. We propose intercultural competence as a working model that can increase the capacities of institutions and professionals —a particularly important consideration in the case of social work— in order to effectively address the aforementioned cultural dimension. After an extensive review of the scientific literature, we have defined five processes that can contribute to strengthening an institution’s intercultural competence and four processes that can do the same for a professional’s intercultural competence. Though selected for application in the area of drug dependencies, all these processes can also prove useful in improving attention to any other kind of culturally diverse group or person.
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Ao longo dos últimos anos tem-se assistido a um forte desenvolvimento e crescimento do número de parques eólicos instalados no mundo, o que leva a que seja necessário o incremento de ferramentas que permitam aperfeiçoar os sistemas de monitorização e controlo atualmente existentes. Por outro lado, não se deve deixar de ter em conta os custos elevados de operação e manutenção dos sistemas eólicos bem como o facto de os aerogeradores estarem localizadas em locais remotos ou offshore, o que faz aumentar os custos associados à sua exploração. A dissertação nasce da intenção clara do mercado em apostar na supervisão e previsão de avarias graves, de forma a minimizar os encargos subjacentes. Este trabalho de dissertação visa a utilização de redes neuronais para criar uma ferramenta informática de previsão de avarias em caixas de engrenagens em aerogeradores. As redes neuronais são ferramentas informáticas ideais para trabalhar com muita informação, sendo que a sua aplicação depende da qualidade e quantidade dos dados. Para tal irá ser efetuado um estudo em um parque eólico, no qual se analisará as principais avarias detetadas bem como as grandezas que deverão integrar a construção desta rede neuronal. Assim sendo, a informação relativa às diversas máquinas existentes num parque, é de enorme importância para a definição e otimização da rede neuronal a construir. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho com a aplicação de redes neuronais para a previsão de avarias em caixas de engrenagens do parque eólico de estudo, provam que é possível realizar uma deteção da avaria bem como uma constatação de que a reparação possa ter sido bem efetuada ou mal sucedida, podendo assim ser ajustados os programas de manutenção a efetuar e uma verificação das ações de reparação para sua validação.
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ABSTRACT Background Mental health promotion is supported by a strong body of knowledge and is a matter of public health with the potential of a large impact on society. Mental health promotion programs should be implemented as soon as possible in life, preferably starting during pregnancy. Programs should focus on malleable determinants, introducing strategies to reduce risk factors or their impact on mother and child, and also on strengthening protective factors to increase resilience. The ambition of early detecting risk situations requires the development and use of tools to assess risk, and the creation of a responsive network of services based in primary health care, especially maternal consultation during pregnancy and the first months of the born child. The number of risk factors and the way they interact and are buffered by protective factors are relevant for the final impact. Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) is not yet a totally understood and well operationalized concept. Methodological problems limit the comparison of data as many studies used small size samples, had an exploratory character or used different selection criteria and different measures. There is still a lack of studies in high risk populations evaluating the consequences of a weak MFA. Instead, the available studies are not very conclusive, but suggest that social support, anxiety and depression, self-esteem and self-control and sense of coherence are correlated with MFA. MFA is also correlated with health practices during pregnancy, that influence pregnancy and baby outcomes. MFA seems a relevant concept for the future mother baby interaction, but more studies are needed to clarify the concept and its operationalization. Attachment is a strong scientific concept with multiple implications for future child development, personality and relationship with others. Secure attachment is considered an essential basis of good mental health, and promoting mother-baby interaction offers an excellent opportunity to intervention programmes targeted at enhancing mental health and well-being. Understanding the process of attachment and intervening to improve attachment requires a comprehension of more proximal factors, but also a broader approach that assesses the impact of more distal social conditions on attachment and how this social impact is mediated by family functioning and mother-baby interaction. Finally, it is essential to understand how this knowledge could be translated in effective mental health promoting interventions and measures that could reach large populations of pregnant mothers and families. Strengthening emotional availability (EA) seems to be a relevant approach to improve the mother-baby relationship. In this review we have offered evidence suggesting a range of determinants of mother-infant relationship, including age, marital relationship, social disadvantages, migration, parental psychiatric disorders and the situations of abuse or neglect. Based on this theoretical background we constructed a theoretical model that included proximal and distal factors, risk and protective factors, including variables related to the mother, the father, their social support and mother baby interaction from early pregnancy until six months after birth. We selected the Antenatal Psychosocial Health Assessment (ALPHA) for use as an instrument to detect psychosocial risk during pregnancy. Method Ninety two pregnant women were recruited from the Maternal Health Consultation in Primary Health Care (PHC) at Amadora. They had three moments of assessment: at T1 (until 12 weeks of pregnancy) they filed out a questionnaire that included socio-demographic data, ALPHA, Edinburgh post-natal Depression Scale (EDPS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Sense of Coherence (SOC); at T2 (after the 20th weeks of pregnancy) they answered EDPS, SOC and MFA Scale (MFAS), and finally at T3 (6 months after birth), they repeated EDPS and SOC, and their interaction with their babies was videotaped and later evaluated using EA Scales. A statistical analysis has been done using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, univariate logistic regression and multiple linear regression. Results The study has increased our knowledge on this particular population living in a multicultural, suburb community. It allow us to identify specific groups with a higher level of psychosocial risk, such as single or divorced women, young couples, mothers with a low level of education and those who are depressed or have a low SOC. The hypothesis that psychosocial risk is directly correlated with MFAS and that MFA is directly correlated with EA was not confirmed, neither the correlation between prenatal psychosocial risk and mother-baby EA. The study identified depression as a relevant risk factor in pregnancy and its higher prevalence in single or divorced women, immigrants and in those who have a higher global psychosocial risk. Depressed women have a poor MFA, and a lower structuring capacity and a higher hostility to their babies. In average, depression seems to reduce among pregnant women in the second part of their pregnancy. The children of immigrant mothers show a lower level of responsiveness to their mothers what could be transmitted through depression, as immigrant mothers have a higher risk of depression in the beginning of pregnancy and six months after birth. Young mothers have a low MFA and are more intrusive. Women who have a higher level of education are more sensitive and their babies showed to be more responsive. Women who are or have been submitted to abuse were found to have a higher level of MFA but their babies are less responsive to them. The study highlights the relevance of SOC as a potential protective factor while it is strongly and negatively related with a wide range of risk factors and mental health outcomes especially depression before, during and after pregnancy. Conclusions ALPHA proved to be a valid, feasible and reliable instrument to Primary Health Care (PHC) that can be used as a total sum score. We could not prove the association between psychosocial risk factors and MFA, neither between MFA and EA, or between psychosocial risk and EA. Depression and SOC seems to have a clear and opposite relevance on this process. Pregnancy can be considered as a maturational process and an opportunity to change, where adaptation processes occur, buffering risk, decreasing depression and increasing SOC. Further research is necessary to better understand interactions between variables and also to clarify a better operationalization of MFA. We recommend the use of ALPHA, SOC and EDPS in early pregnancy as a way of identifying more vulnerable women that will require additional interventions and support in order to decrease risk. At political level we recommend the reinforcement of Immigrant integration and the increment of education in women. We recommend more focus in health care and public health in mental health condition and psychosocial risk of specific groups at high risk. In PHC special attention should be paid to pregnant women who are single or divorced, very young, low educated and to immigrant mothers. This study provides the basis for an intervention programme for this population, that aims to reduce broad spectrum risk factors and to promote Mental Health in women who become pregnant. Health and mental health policies should facilitate the implementation of the suggested measures.
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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL
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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias del Ejercicio con Especialidad en Alto Rendimiento) UANL