Configuração da área de estudos no currículo do ensino de 1. grau

Este estudo focaliza o modelo de currículo adotado para o ensino de 1º Grau, pela Lei 5.692/71, com destaque à configuração das áreas de estudo, componentes curriculares das séries finais. Tem por objetivo esclarecer a necessidade de revisão do conceito de áreas de estudo, visto que pela análise efetuada o mesmo parece ter sido usado inadequadamente. Procurou-se, a partir da análise das técnicas de elaboração de currículos abordadas na literatura consultada, evidenciar a falha do modelo de currículo para o ensino de 1º Grau. Concluiu-se que, em decorrência da inadequação do conceito, o currículo apresenta falhas em sua composição, visto que há justaposição dos enfoques empregados para justificar a organização das matérias no currículo e a organização das experiências de aprendizagem. O problema da conceituação imprecisa pode ter implicações negativas para a organização do ensino das áreas de estudo e comprometer os objetivos educacionais. A autora propõe a realização de uma pesquisa junto aos professores em serviço para investigação de como está sendo interpretado o conceito de áreas de estudo.

Histórias de idosos: sementes para cultivarmos uam educação para uma velhice bem-sucedida

We understand that the successful old age is not confined only in the analysis of quantitative aspects concerning the economic situation of the subject that gets old, but this special way of aging is related to other values, such as dignity, happiness, self-esteem, willingness, autonomy, independence, social involvement with family and friends, among others. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the human aging process, considering the history of life of ten seniors who fit the profile of successful old age, seeking to identify elements that contribute to educational thinking in order to get a successful aging. In this perspective, we argue in this study, the idea that we need to learn to engage in experiences that more than providing satisfaction and well-being in the moment in which we conducted, serve as a potentiating to a successful old age. Thus, throughout this thesis we question: what are the present indicative in the histories of life of elderly people, considered successful, which may contribute to an education that people experiencing their age more satisfactorily. This is a qualitative study, that took as universe a methodological oral history, in which we used as a technique of research a semistructured interview as a part of their life history, with emphasis on consideration of the following categories: diary routine, with emphasis on social harmony in the family, at work and in friendship groups of leisure and physical activity, self-knowledge and the learning experiences throughout life. To get the objectives outlined, as well as lectured on the categories analyzed, we support our reflection on the theory of the course of life, which includes human aging as a historical and cultural contextual reality. Our research revealed, among other things, that successful aging is coupled to an active lifestyle, where the involvement in physical activities, recreational and social experiences throughout life is important for increasing self-esteem, autonomy and joy of living, conditions that enable successful old age. Our study also revealed that the educationfor successful old age is linked with the consumption along the life, educational activities which broaden the possibilities of social interaction between people, even among different generations, since the interaction is important to learn and accept our possibilities and limits.

Narrativas infantis: o que nos contam as crianças de suas experiências no hospital e na classe hospitalar

This dissertation focuses on the narratives of children hospitalized with chronic diseases. The overall goal is to deduce, from the look of the child health care, hospital class contributions to the process of school inclusion. The research is part of the qualitative ethnographical approach and is based on the principles and research methods (auto)biographical in education and schooling in hospital. Participated in the investigation 05(five) children, aged between 06 (six) and 12 (twelve) years of age, treated at the Center for Children s Onco-Hematology, Varela Santiago Children s Hospital in Natal-RN. The corpus used for the analysis comprises five (05) narrative interviews, 03 (three) drawings made by children as well as records in the researcher s field diary. The sources were collected during the months of August 2010 to February 2011. The analysis revealed that the inclusion of the hospital class, and ensure the right to education, contributes to the construction of strategies for coping with illness and hospitalization, as it promotes autonomy, comfort, playfulness and self-knowledge, the rand the world, easing the stress of hospitalization. The figure of the teacher took the class hospital in the voices of children, a reliever and minimizing the role of double exclusion that cause illness and hospitalization, showing the contributions to (re) construction of identity and subjectivity constitution strengthened. The children interviewed said that the hospital class leave the hospital more cheerful. The playfulness and learning experiences in the hospital are seen by children as actions that go beyond the physical treatment of the disease, since it provides them with acceptance and understanding of hospitalization and illness, to give them affective security and emotional. In conclusion, the narratives of children confirm that the service class hospital ensures continuity of schooling, but they reveal, namely, that this service provides them socialization among peers and with adults, strengthening the emotional, social and cognitive biopsychosocial perspective of attention

A Prática do Professor que Ensina Matemática e a Colaboração: uma reflexão a partir de processos formativos virtuais

This text presents some reflections about the educational and virtual processes of mathematics teachers drawing on research on the theme. Thus, in this text, considering our experiences with the development of online courses, we discuss issues such as collaboration in virtual environments, which contributes to more effective results in collaborative learning and reduces the potential of isolation of student/teacher that can occur in virtual environments. Through collaborative learning in a virtual community, students/teachers have the opportunity to practice and think in-depth about their learning experiences by sharing new ideas with the group and receiving critical and constructive feedback. Moreover, the virtuality formed by the environment of online courses supports educational spaces for teachers who teach mathematics. Thus, collaboration emerges as an essential element for construction of meanings and for sharing experiences on the practice of teaching.

Competências necessárias para atuação do arquiteto como coordenador do processo de projeto de edificações (Estudo de caso)

O presente trabalho procurou identificar as competências necessárias, no processo de formação profissional do Arquiteto e urbanista, durante a graduação, tendo como foco a sua atuação como coordenador do processo de Projeto de edificações. A pesquisa utilizou uma metodologia qualitativa com enfoque exploratório e descritivo, envolvendo coleta de dados através de pesquisa de opinião. Foram analisados dados como: Resoluções do MEC e CONFEA/CREA, grades curriculares das Faculdades de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Região Metropolitana de Belém-PA e a percepção de alunos e arquitetos (docentes e profissionais liberais) através de entrevistas, tendo como principal resultado uma proposta de reformulação curricular na formação do arquiteto e urbanista, através da inclusão de conhecimentos sobre coordenação do processo de projeto de edificações, com o objetivo de atender as necessidades deste profissional no campo de trabalho. O principal resultado obtido, foi uma proposta para o desenvolvimento de competências que procura trabalhar através de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes relacionados aos conteúdos, experiências de aprendizagem e formas de avaliação, a melhor forma de contribuir de forma efetiva com a formação do arquiteto e urbanista, com o objetivo possibilitar que este profissional possa atuar como coordenador do processo de projeto de edificações.

Diversidade e estilos de agricultura: uma análise a partir de dois assentamentos, induzido e tradicional, no Estado do Amapá

Há uma dualidade nos assentamentos agrícolas do Estado do Amapá. De um lado encontram-se assentados com pouca ou nenhuma tradição em agricultura, alocados pelos órgãos públicos em áreas de matas nativa distantes dos centros consumidores regionais. São os assentamentos induzidos por demandas sociais. Do outro lado estão os agricultores familiares tradicionais, cujas famílias vivem em áreas colonizadas desde o período colonial brasileiro. Aqui, as ações do INCRA se resumiram a demarcar terrenos já ocupados. O uso da terra nos assentamentos induzidos segue o modelo vigente no restante do Estado. Após a extração da madeira e produção de lenha, os restos são queimados. Seguem as “roças” de mandioca, base econômica de todas as propriedades. O problema da pesquisa se apresenta como uma necessidade de identificar e compreender os fenômenos sociais e ambientais associados ao fraco desenvolvimento socioeconômico dos assentados induzidos, cuja principal manifestação é a acentuada pauperização e posteriormente a evasão dos lotes. O ponto referencial desta análise são os agricultores familiares dos assentamentos rurais induzidos do Estado do Amapá, suas praticas agrícolas e suas interações com o meio em que estão inseridos, tendo como contraposição os assentamentos tradicionais do Estado do Amapá. O conhecimento tácito adquirido e aprimorado ao longo de sucessivas gerações nos Assentamentos Tradicionais levou à prática de sistemas de produção em harmonia com o meio ambiente local, evitando-se a degradação dos solos e se aproveitando das condições naturais de fertilização dos solos. A carência deste, associada à falta de experiências de aprendizado coletivo, põe em cheque a continuidade da agricultura nos assentamentos induzidos do estado do Amapá.

Contribuições do PIBID para a formação inicial de professores: um olhar dos licenciandos em física da Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá

The current work aims to analyze the contributions of PIBID for initial graduation of the teachers, in view of the undergraduates of Physics Course at UNESP Guaratinguetá . A brief literature survey about the national situation of teacher education was performed, at which the main difficulties and challenges, as well as the solutions stated in place by the government to solve them, have been highlighted. A description of the historical of PIBID at UNESP, from the institutional project to reach the subproject developed by Physics Course of Guaratinguetá, was presented. To characterize the development of the subproject, it was performed a survey on the activities performed by the PIBID’s scholars, since its implementation on campus in 2010 until the end of the year 2013, in order to map the experiences lived by program participants. These data were obtained from the analysis of reports by scholars themselves, video analyzes and record of the weekly meetings held by the group, reading electronic messages exchanged on a specific group of e-mails and written evaluations by members of the program. Completing data collection, eleven scholars undergraduates of the program were interviewed, and the results were classified by topics, defined from recurrence in the interviewees speech. The global analysis of the data was based on theoretical references commonly used in research on graduation of teachers, as Nóvoa (1992), Mizukami (2005, 2006) and Gatti (2008). The results indicate that the licensed ones see in PIBID a differentiated opportunity for initial teaching graduation, for adding practical learning experiences for students of EB within the school context, and especially for creating space for reflection on their experiences with the support of more experienced teachers, committed to the training of all involved ones

Uma reflexão sobre didática na Educação Básica: o apostilamento no 4.º ano

This study describes how adult and teacher-centered rationale, which has been ruling school relations for a long time, might be a threat to didactics and its methodologies, especially when it comes to teaching and learning package. The theoretical framework of this study is based on Dewey and Peirce pragmatic views, founding the languages analysis, which are interwoven in the content design. Some tasks from a 4th grade elementary school package sold nationally, related to Geography and Mathematics subjects were examined. It is possible to assert that the child real life learning experiences was poorly considered, which partly explains the lack of interest of most children in pedagogical-scientific discourses as they are presented on their books. As a possible answer regarding that issue, the encounter between teacher and learner subjectivities is proposed.

O papel dos consumidores residencias no ambiente das redes inteligentes: medidores eletrônicos de energia

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Ambienti innovativi per l'apprendimento: Modelli interpretativi e contributi di esperienze. Uno studio sull'organizzazione di Scuola-Città Pestalozzi a Firenze

La tesi affronta il tema dell'innovazione della scuola, oggetto di costante attenzione da parte delle organizzazioni internazionali e dei sistemi educativi nazionali, per le sue implicazioni economiche, sociali e politiche, e intende portare un contributo allo studio sistematico e analitico dei progetti e delle esperienze di innovazione complessiva dell'ambiente di apprendimento. Il concetto di ambiente di apprendimento viene approfondito nelle diverse prospettive di riferimento, con specifica attenzione al framework del progetto "Innovative Learning Environments" [ILE], dell’Organisation For Economic And Cultural Development [OECD] che, con una prospettiva dichiaratamente olistica, individua nel dispositivo dell’ambiente di apprendimento la chiave per l’innovazione dell’istruzione nella direzione delle competenze per il ventunesimo Secolo. I criteri presenti nel quadro di riferimento del progetto sono stati utilizzati per un’analisi dell’esperienza proposta come caso di studio, Scuola-Città Pestalozzi a Firenze, presa in esame perché nell’anno scolastico 2011/2012 ha messo in pratica appunto un “disegno” di trasformazione dell’ambiente di apprendimento e in particolare dei caratteri del tempo/scuola. La ricerca, condotta con una metodologia qualitativa, è stata orientata a far emergere le interpretazioni dei protagonisti dell’innovazione indagata: dall’analisi del progetto e di tutta la documentazione fornita dalla scuola è scaturita la traccia per un focus-group esplorativo attraverso il quale sono stati selezionati i temi per le interviste semistrutturate rivolte ai docenti (scuola primaria e scuola secondaria di primo grado). Per quanto concerne l’interpretazione dei risultati, le trascrizioni delle interviste sono state analizzate con un approccio fenomenografico, attraverso l’individuazione di unità testuali logicamente connesse a categorie concettuali pertinenti. L’analisi dei materiali empirici ha permesso di enucleare categorie interpretative rispetto alla natura e agli scopi delle esperienze di insegnamento/apprendimento, al processo organizzativo, alla sostenibilità. Tra le implicazioni della ricerca si ritengono particolarmente rilevanti quelle relative alla funzione docente.

Media activism on and off line by Italian adolescents and young adults

From several researchers it appears that Italian adolescents and young people are grown up with commercial television which is accused to contain too much violence, sex, reality shows, advertising, cartoons which are watched from 1 to 4 hours daily. Adolescents are also great users of mobile phones and spend a lot of time to use it. Their academic results are below the average of Ocse States. However the widespread use of communication technology and social networks display also another side of adolescents who engage in media activism and political movement such as Ammazzateci tutti!, Indymedia, Movimento 5 Stelle, Movimento No Tav. In which way does the world economic crisis -with the specific problems of Italy as the cutting founds for school, academic research and welfare, the corruption of political class, mafia and camorra organisation induce a reaction in our adolescents and young people? Several researches inform us about their use of internet in terms of spending time but, more important, how internet, and the web 2.0, could be an instrument for their reaction? What do they do online? How they do it? Which is the meaning of their presence online? And, has their online activity a continuity offline? The research aims are: 1. Trough a participant observation of Social Network profiles opened by 10 young active citizens, I would seek to understand which kind of social or political activities they engage in online as individuals and which is the meaning of their presence online. 2. To observe and understand if adolescents and young people have a continuity of their socio-political engagement online in offline activities and which kind of experiences it is. 3. Try to comprehend which was (or which were) the significant, learning experiences that convinced them about the potential of the web as tool for their activism.

Liberal Education, Effective Practice, and Diversity

This session will be based on three presentations that focus on the relationship between liberal education, effective practice and diversity from different perspectives. George Kuh will present data indicating that the educational benefits of "high impact" learning experiences (such as experiential education and undergraduate research), which are significant for all students, are often greater for students from underserved and minority backgrounds than for their majority counterparts. Armando Bengochea will discuss the ways in which an emphasis on effective practice can enhance the educational experiences of students of color within a liberal arts curriculum. Steve Stemler will report on research showing that including practice-oriented criteria in assessments of student achievements and capabilities can assist colleges and universities in identifying and educating minority students with high potential to succeed both in college and beyond college.

Postgraduate training program

BACKGROUND: Faculties face the permanent challenge to design training programs with well-balanced educational outcomes, and to offer various organised and individual learning opportunities. AIM: To apply our original model to a postgraduate training program in rheumatology in general, and to various learning experiences in particular, in order to analyse the balance between different educational objectives. METHODS: Learning times of various educational activities were reported by the junior staff as targeted learners. The suitability of different learning experiences to achieve cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning objectives was estimated. Learning points with respect to efficacy were calculated by multiplication of the estimated learning times by the perceived appropriateness of the educational strategies. RESULTS: Out of 780 hours of professional learning per year (17.7 hours/week), 37.7% of the time was spent under individual supervision of senior staff, 24.4% in organised structured learning, 22.6% in self-studies, and 15.3% in organised patient-oriented learning. The balance between the different types of learning objectives was appropriate for the overall program, but not for each particular learning experience. Acquisition of factual knowledge and problem solving was readily aimed for during organised teaching sessions of different formats, and by personal targeted reading. Attitudes, skills and competencies, as well as behavioural and performance changes were mostly learned during caring for patients under interactive supervision by experts. CONCLUSION: We encourage other faculties to apply this approach to any other curriculum of undergraduate education, postgraduate training or continuous professional development in order to foster the development of well-balanced learning experiences.

Effectiveness of an Online Social Constructivist Mathematical Problem Solving Course for Malaysian Pre-Service Teachers

This study assessed the effectiveness of an online mathematical problem solving course designed using a social constructivist approach for pre-service teachers. Thirty-seven pre-service teachers at the Batu Lintang Teacher Institute, Sarawak, Malaysia were randomly selected to participate in the study. The participants were required to complete the course online without the typical face-to-face classes and they were also required to solve authentic mathematical problems in small groups of 4-5 participants based on the Polya’s Problem Solving Model via asynchronous online discussions. Quantitative and qualitative methods such as questionnaires and interviews were used to evaluate the effects of the online learning course. Findings showed that a majority of the participants were satisfied with their learning experiences in the course. There were no significant changes in the participants’ attitudes toward mathematics, while the participants’ skills in problem solving for “understand the problem” and “devise a plan” steps based on the Polya’s Model were significantly enhanced, though no improvement was apparent for “carry out the plan” and “review”. The results also showed that there were significant improvements in the participants’ critical thinking skills. Furthermore, participants with higher initial computer skills were also found to show higher performance in mathematical problem solving as compared to those with lower computer skills. However, there were no significant differences in the participants’ achievements in the course based on gender. Generally, the online social constructivist mathematical problem solving course is beneficial to the participants and ought to be given the attention it deserves as an alternative to traditional classes. Nonetheless, careful considerations need to be made in the designing and implementing of online courses to minimize problems that participants might encounter while participating in such courses.

Lerntagebücher im Praktikum von Lehramtsstudierenden

Im vorgestellten Projekt ging es darum, Lernprozesse und -inhalte im Praktikum anhand von Tagebüchern sichtbar zu machen. Im Rahmen einer größeren Befragung zum Thema "Lernen im Praktikum" führten 46 Studierende ein Lerntagebuch und berichteten insgesamt 620 Lernsituationen, welche mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet wurden. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf eine Schwerpunktsetzung hinsichtlich des Erwerbs didaktischer Kompetenzen hin. Sowohl Praxislehrpersonen als auch Schüler gaben wesentliche Impulse für die Lernprozesse der Studierenden. Zentrale Einzelthemen bezogen sich auf die Einschätzung des Schwierigkeitsgrads, des Anspruchsniveaus von Anforderungen und Aufgaben und auf den Umgang mit Unterrichtsstörungen.