Narrativas de vida de mulheres alcoolistas: contribuições para a prática da enfermeira no CAPS ad

Estudo de natureza qualitativa utilizou o Método de Narrativa de Vida, cujo objeto foi a motivação da mulher alcoolista para iniciar e aderir ao tratamento no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPS ad). Os objetivos foram: a) conhecer os motivos que levam a mulher alcoolista a iniciar e aderir ao tratamento; b) descrever o itinerário terapêutico percorrido pela mulher alcoolista; c) identificar os fatores que favorecem a adesão da mulher alcoolista ao tratamento; d) discutir a contribuição das narrativas das mulheres alcoolistas para a prática da enfermeira no CAPS ad. Foram entrevistadas 26 mulheres usuárias de álcool em tratamento no CAPS ad, oriundas de dois cenários distintos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro: um CAPS ad de uma cidade do interior do Estado na região Sul Fluminense no Médio Paraíba e um CAPS ad na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O arcabouço teórico de sustentação do estudo baseou-se em dois pontos: A Reforma Psiquiátrica no Mundo e no Brasil, a evolução da Política Pública, a Legislação Brasileira para atendimento de usuários de álcool e outras drogas, incluindo Itinerários Terapêuticos, a atuação da Equipe Interdisciplinar no CAPS ad e o papel da Enfermeira e da enfermagem na Saúde Mental e no CAPS ad. O alcoolismo feminino, retratando a evolução do papel da mulher contemporânea na sociedade, questões de gênero e as implicações biológicas, culturais e sociais do alcoolismo onde Edwards e colaboradores discutem as questões biopsicosociais envolvidas na questão. A coleta de dados utilizou a entrevista aberta, com pergunta única: Fale-me a respeito de sua vida que tenha relação com a sua motivação para iniciar e aderir ao tratamento de dependência alcoólica que realiza no CAPS ad. A análise evidenciou: que um dos motivos que caracteriza o alcoolismo feminino refere-se ao prazer proporcionado pelo álcool como escape para as mulheres aliviarem o peso de suas vidas. Estas viveram e experimentaram a solidão, a dor, o sofrimento, a vergonha, a discriminação, as perdas e os agravos físicos e psicológicos decorrentes do uso abusivo de bebida alcoólica. Estas mulheres viveram seus conflitos e suas dores sozinhas com raríssimas exceções, até chegarem ao fim do poço, quando então decidiram procurar e aceitar ajuda. Os itinerários terapêuticos apresentados foram: Hospital Geral; Unidade Básica de Saúde; Pré-natal; Alcoólicos Anônimos (AA); CAPS; CAPS i; Ambulatório de Psiquiatria; Hospital Psiquiátrico e Clínica Especializada de Internação. A motivação para terem iniciado o tratamento foram: desejo de mudarem a realidade que viveram; a perda do poder familiar, ou seja, a perda da guarda dos filhos; a solidão que viveram e a imposição de terceiros para iniciarem o tratamento. Como motivação para adesão ao tratamento foi encontrada na totalidade das narrativas a permanência para conseguir ficar sem uso de bebida alcoólica, e o apoio que receberam da equipe interdisciplinar. Na percepção das mulheres em relação à atuação da equipe interdisciplinar do CAPS ad foi relatada sobre a ajuda que receberam, a escuta, o acolhimento, a paciência, o relacionamento interpessoal entre usuários e profissionais, o cuidado, a força para continuar e a valorização delas como sujeitos essenciais de suas histórias.

Southern California's megaflood event of ca. 1605 AD linked to large-scale atmospheric forcing

A distinct, 1- to 2-cm-thick flood deposit found in Santa Barbara Basin with a varve-date of 1605 AD ± 5 years testifies to an intensity of precipitation that remains unmatched for later periods when historical or instrumental records can be compared against the varve record. The 1605 AD ± 5 event correlates well with Enzel's (1992) finding of a Silver Lake playa perennial lake at the terminus of the Mojave River (carbon-14-dated 1560 AD ± 90 years), in relative proximity to the rainfall catchment area draining into Santa Barbara Basin. According to Enzel, such a persistent flooding of the Silver Lake playa occurred only once during the last 3,500 years and required a sequence of floods, each comparable in magnitude to the largest floods in the modern record. To gain confidence in dating of the 1605 AD ± 5 event, we compare Southern California's sedimentary evidence against historical reports and multi-proxy time-series that indicate unusual climatic events or are sensitive to changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. The emerging pattern supports previous suggestions that the first decade of the 17th century was marked by a rapid cooling of the Northern Hemisphere, with some indications for global coverage. A burst of volcanism and the occurrence of El Nino seem to have contributed to the severity of the events. The synopsis of the 1605 AD ± 5 years flood deposit in Santa Barbara Basin, the substantial freshwater body at Silver Lake playa, and much additional paleoclimatic, global evidence testifies for an equatorward shift of global wind patterns as the world experienced an interval of rapid, intense, and widespread cooling.

Sea surface temperature and paleo-El Niño events in Santa Barbara Basin, AD 1841-1941

Like pages of a "natural coastal diary", successive layers of anoxic varved sediment in the central Santa Barbara Basin have been used by paleoceanographers to reconstruct aspects of past coastal climate. This report focuses on the end of the "Little Ice Age" (15th to 19th century) and on the beginning of this century, a period known to encompass extreme climate excursions and weather events in the Santa Barbara Basin and other parts of Southern California. El Niño events are known to disrupt Southern California's coastal ecosystems and to cause anomalous weather conditions, but El Niño events in Southern California before 1990 have been largely undocumented.

The Little Ice Age: glacier variations and climate since AD 1250 [abstract]

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): During the past hundred years, mountain glaciers throughout the world have retreated significantly from moraines built during the previous several centuries. In the 1930s, Francois Matthes of the U.S. Geological Survey concluded that the moraines represent the greatest advances of glaciers since the end of the last glacial age, some 10,000 years earlier, and informally referred to this late Holocene interval of expanded ice cover as the Little Ice Age.

The near-AD 1600 multi-proxy puzzle

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): A varve chronology with annual resolution (AD 1117-1992) has been developed recently for Santa Barbara Basin. Varve thickness and water content show an exponential trend consistent with expected patterns in the presence of sediment compaction over time. Annual varve thickness was decomposed into orthogonal components using singular spectrum analysis (SSA) to identify and retrieve inter-decadal oscillations. ... This suggests a connection with global-scale decadal cycles identified in the subtropical Pacific gyre circulation and, possibly, with solar-driven phenomena. The near-1600 AD event coincides with (a) a similarly sudden change of state in nearby Santa Monica Basin that triggered the onset of anoxic conditions and the preservation of laminated sediments, (b) an extreme drought over the American Southwest, (c) a transformation of the age structure in a number of forest populations throughout Arizona and New Mexico. Total organic carbon burial flux in Santa Barbara Basin varves also shows a marked change after AD 1600. A possible climatic link is proposed that involves pathways for moisture transport in the Southwest at decadal and longer time scales.

Marine fisheries development in India, 2000 AD: a perspective

The status of marine fisheries research and development in India is discussed and the need for a high power national body to coordinate these activities is stressed. Priority areas for research and development have been outlined. It has been stressed that the strategy should be to achieve a production target of 3 million tonnes on the capture fisheries front (2.5 million tonnes from the inner shelf and 0.5 million tonnes from the outer shelf and slope areas) and 1 million tonne through aquaculture by 2000 AD.

Prospects of fisheries development in India by 2000 AD

The fishery resources of India are extensive. The demand for fish for domestic consumption will be at least 10 million by 2000 AD. With proper planning and management, fish production from inland, brackishwater and marine sources can be increased to 5 million tonnes, 1 million tonne and 4 million tonnes respectively. But the increase in the last 37 years is approximately equals 2.1 million tonnes over the base level of 1950. If the present trend is continued, the expected fish production will be approximately equals 6 million tonnes by 2000 AD, and hence, only approximately equals 60% of the domestic demand can be met.

A power-saving scheme for IEEE 802.11 Ad hoc networks

In the Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), the terminals are often powered by battery, so the power-saving performance of the wireless network card is a very important issue. For IEEE 802.11 Ad hoc networks, a power-saving scheme is presented in Medium Access Control (MAC) layer to reduce the power consumption by allowing the nodes enter into the sleep mode, but the scheme is based on Time-Drive Scheme (TDS) whose power-saving efficiency becomes lower and lower with the network load increasing. This paper presented a novel energy-saving mechanism, called as Hybrid-Drive Scheme (HDS), which introduces into a Message.-Drive Scheme (MDS) and combines MDS with the conventional TDS. The MDS, could obtain high efficiency when the load is heavy; meanwhile the TDS has high efficiency when the network load is small. The analysis shows that the proposed HDS could obtain high energy-efficiency whether the network load is light or heavy and have higher energy-saving efficiency than conventional scheme in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

移动Ad hoc网络服务发现协议

介绍移动Ad hoc网络的应用前景和主要研究内容,阐述服务协议的重要性以及服务发现协议中的基本概念,针对现有的移动Ad hoc网络服务发现协议的核心技术和设计思想进行分析,选取几种典型的服务发现协议进行对比,总结得出各类服务发现协议的优缺点和适用范围,并指出该领域的进一步研究方向.

Circa AD 626 volcanic eruption；climatic cooling；and the collapse of the Eastern Turkic Empire

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