Joseph Mathia Svoboda Tigris River Journal; Diary 47 November 1897-August 1898 (HTML)

Joseph Mathia Svoboda's 19th century journal of commercial voyages, travel, and domestic life on the Tigris River from November 1897 to August 1898. Diary 78, HTML Version. jms_047_11_1897_030_htm.html

Joseph Mathia Svoboda Tigris River Journal; Diary 47 November 1897-August 1898 (PDF)

A journal of commercial voyages and domestic life on the Tigris River, in Baghdad and Basra, from November 1897 to August 1898, kept by traveler Joseph Mathia Svoboda. PDF transcription of the original diary 47. jms_047_11_1897_060_pdf.pdf

Joseph Mathia Svoboda Diaries Series Introduction

A journal of commercial voyages and domestic life on the Tigris River -- project description for the JMS Diaries.

Joseph Mathia Svoboda Biography

A journal of commercial voyages and domestic life on the Tigris River -- biography of the author.

Joseph Mathia Svoboda Diaries Description

A journal of commercial voyages and domestic life on the Tigris River -- Description of the diaries series.

Analyse de la structure du système de pêche artisanal guyanais. Introduction à sa dynamique

Les activités de la petite pêche et de la pêche côtière en Guyane ne sont pas encore assez bien organisées pour permettre un suivi rigoureux. On sait surtout qu'il s'agit d'une activité en baisse et le déclin amorcé au début des années 80 n'a fait que se confirmer dans les années récentes. Alors que le nombre de bateaux pratiquant de façon régulière la petite pêche avoisinait les 150 en 1985, en 1998, la flottille était réduite à 65 unités. Un chiffre fera mieux comprendre cette évolution: dans les années 80, il y a eu jusqu'à 12 tapouilles à Cayenne, alors qu'à la fin 1998, il en restait 4. On peut espérer qu'en 1999, 2 tapouilles supplémentaires et les 3 navires expérimentaux construits par la Région Guyane viendront s'ajouter à cette flottille et permettront d'améliorer le suivi des captures et de l'effort. La perspective du Marché d'Intérêt Régional abritant une criée stimulera le passage des captures sous la halle à marée et favorisera la tenue de statistiques de débarquements. L'activité de cette flottille est difficile à cerner, car seules les tapouilles dont les captures sont importantes en raison de la durée de leurs sorties peuvent donner lieu à des statistiques sinon précises du moins régulières dans le temps. Quelques doris et canots créoles sont également dans ce cas et ont permis des comparaisons inter flottilles. Pendant la période sèche, d'août à novembre, tous les bateaux sont actifs. Pendant la saison des pluies, de décembre à juillet, en raison de la houle, les tapouilles réduisent leurs sorties et la plupart des pirogues de mer et des canots créoles opèrent dans les estuaires.

Love’s Calling How eroticism encourages religious intentions in "Joseph and Aseneth" and the "AEthiopika"

Ce mémoire s’intéresse à l’emploi de l’érotisme et de l’amour comme outils littéraires dans deux romans de l’Antiquité. Le texte principal est un écrit dérivé de la Torah intitulé Joseph et Aséneth. Le second est le roman grec d’Héliodore d’Émèse, Les Éthiopiques. Puisque tout auteur, peu importe sa foi, avait une éducation hellénique semblable, on retrouve des motifs similaires dont les détails se distinguent et les buts sont aux antipodes dans ces textes. Dans le cas de cette recherche, il s’agit de deux oeuvres du genre romanesque écrites en grec qui emploient chacune une histoire romantique à des fins édifiantes. Les buts de cette analyse sont triples. Ce travail cherche à montrer que Joseph et Aseneth a droit au titre de « roman grec, » de qualifier les expériences religieuses présentées dans ces oeuvres et de participer au débat sur la datation de Joseph et Aseneth par une étude comparée. Cette recherche se divise en trois sections. D’abord, le topos bien connu des romans a été analysé : la maladie d’amour. Dans les deux cas, le coup de foudre et la maladie émotionnelle qui s’en suit ont été dévoilés comme moteur important de la trame narrative, ainsi qu’une manière d’introduire des thèmes religieux ou philosophiques. En second lieu, les paroles des personnages au sujet de l’amour et le mariage ont été considérées. Puisque les protagonistes refusent le mariage initialement, les raisons données pour ce refus ont été révélatrices encore une fois de soucis sociaux, soit religieux, soit politiques. En dernier lieu, la relation entre le couple romantique et les dieux présents dans ces récits a été analysée. Les deux romans témoignent de la croyance contemporaine du grand rôle des dieux dans la vie des humains. Cette implication divine dans la vie mortelle s’est manifestée de manières différentes, car elle relève des buts divergents des deux romans. Le parallèle qui se présente est un lien individuel avec les dieux qui est évident dans les romans d’amour.

Cerebral Cortex Involvement In Machado-joseph Disease.

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD/SCA3) is the most frequent spinocerebellar ataxia, characterized by brainstem, basal ganglia and cerebellar damage. Few magnetic resonance imaging based studies have investigated damage in the cerebral cortex. The objective was to determine whether patients with MJD/SCA3 have cerebral cortex atrophy, to identify regions more susceptible to damage and to look for the clinical and neuropsychological correlates of such lesions. Forty-nine patients with MJD/SCA3 (mean age 47.7 ± 13.0 years, 27 men) and 49 matched healthy controls were enrolled. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans in a 3 T device, and three-dimensional T1 images were used for volumetric analyses. Measurement of cortical thickness and volume was performed using the FreeSurfer software. Groups were compared using ancova with age, gender and estimated intracranial volume as covariates, and a general linear model was used to assess correlations between atrophy and clinical variables. Mean CAG expansion, Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score and age at onset were 72.1 ± 4.2, 14.7 ± 7.3 and 37.5 ± 12.5 years, respectively. The main findings were (i) bilateral paracentral cortex atrophy, as well as the caudal middle frontal gyrus, superior and transverse temporal gyri, and lateral occipital cortex in the left hemisphere and supramarginal gyrus in the right hemisphere; (ii) volumetric reduction of basal ganglia and hippocampi; (iii) a significant correlation between SARA and brainstem and precentral gyrus atrophy. Furthermore, some of the affected cortical regions showed significant correlations with neuropsychological data. Patients with MJD/SCA3 have widespread cortical and subcortical atrophy. These structural findings correlate with clinical manifestations of the disease, which support the concept that cognitive/motor impairment and cerebral damage are related in disease.

Spinal Cord Damage In Machado-joseph Disease.

Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3) is the most frequent spinocerebellar ataxia worldwide and characterized by remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity. MRI-based studies in SCA3 focused in the cerebellum and connections, but little is known about cord damage in the disease and its clinical relevance. To evaluate the spinal cord damage in SCA3 through quantitative analysis of MRI scans. A group of 48 patients with SCA3 and 48 age and gender-matched healthy controls underwent MRI on a 3T scanner. We used T1-weighted 3D images to estimate the cervical spinal cord area (CA) and eccentricity (CE) at three C2/C3 levels based on a semi-automatic image segmentation protocol. The scale for assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) was employed to quantify disease severity. The two groups-SCA3 and controls-were significantly different regarding CA (49.5 ± 7.3 vs 67.2 ± 6.3 mm(2), p < 0.001) and CE values (0.79 ± 0.06 vs 0.75 ± 0.05, p = 0.005). In addition, CA presented a significant correlation with SARA scores in the patient group (p = 0.010). CE was not associated with SARA scores (p = 0.857). In the multiple variable regression, we found that disease duration was the only variable associated with CA (coefficient = -0.629, p = 0.025). SCA3 is characterized by cervical cord atrophy and antero-posterior flattening. In addition, the spinal cord areas did correlate with disease severity. This suggests that quantitative analyses of the spinal cord MRI might be a useful biomarker in SCA3.

Machado-Joseph disease versus hereditary spastic paraplegia: case report

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is the most common autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia and presents great phenotypic variability. MJD presenting with spastic paraparesis was recently described in Japanese patients. We report the case of 41-year-old woman with the phenotype of complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia. Her father died at the age of 56 years due to an undiagnosed progressive neurological disease that presented parkinsonism. She had an expanded allele with 66 CAG repeats and a normal allele with 22 repeats in the gene of MJD. MJD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of autosomal dominant complicated HSP. A patient with the phenotype of complicated HSP and relatives with other clinical features of a neurodegenerative disease should raise the suspicion of MJD.

Minas-type fresh cheese developed from buffalo milk with addition of L. acidophilus

Effective incorporation of a probiotic into foods requires the culture to remain viable all along processing and storage, without adverse alterations to sensory characteristics. The objective of this work was developing Minas-type fresh cheese with probiotic properties from buffalo milk. Four batches of Minas-type fresh cheese were prepared using buffalo milk: batch T1 in which neither culture nor lactic acid added; batch T3 in which only lactic acid added; batches T2 and T4 , both added of Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC 4, but T4 was also acidified. Resulting cheeses were evaluated for probiotic culture stability, texture profile, sensory acceptance, and changes in pH. The T4 probiotic cheese presented hardness, gumminess, and chewiness significantly lower than the other treatments. However, values for springiness and cohesiveness did not differ between all cheeses, and no sensory differences (p > 0.05) were found between treatments for texture, taste, and overall acceptance. The addition of probiotic to the acidified cheese (T4) yielded best aroma. The populations of L. acidophilus were greater than 10(6) CFU g-1 after 28 days of storage all products. Minas-type fresh cheese from buffalo milk is a suitable food for the delivery of L. acidophilus, since the culture remained viable during the shelf life of the products and did not negative affect analysed parameters.

Swine deep bedding ashes as a mineral additive for cement based mortar

The sustainability of intensive swine production demands alternative destinations for the generated residues. Ashes from swine rice husk-based deep bedding were tested as a mineral addition for cement mortars. The ashes were obtained at 400 to 600ºC, ground and sieved through a 325 mesh sieve (# 0.045 mm). The characterization of the ashes included the determination of the index of pozzolanic activity with lime. The ashes were also tested as partial substitutes of Portland cement. The mortars were prepared using a cement:sand proportion of 1:1.5, and with water/cement ratio of 0.4. Three percentages of mass substitution of the cement were tested: 10, 20 and 30%. Mortar performances were assessed at 7 and 28 days determining their compressive strength. The chosen condition for calcinations at the laboratory scale was related to the maximum temperature of 600ºC since the resulting ashes contained vitreous materials and presented satisfactory values for the pozzolanic index under analysis. The pozzolanic activity indicated promising results for ashes produced at 600ºC as a replacement of up to 30% in cement masses.

Nanostructured diamond-like carbon films characterization

In this work, we have studied the influence of the substrate surface condition on the roughness and the structure of the nanostructured DLC films deposited by high-density plasma chemical vapor deposition Four methods were used to modify the silicon wafers surface before starting the deposition processes of the nanostructured DLC films. micro-diamond powder dispersion, micro-graphite powder dispersion, and roughness generation by wet chemical etching and roughness generation by plasma etching. The reference wafer was only submitted to a chemical cleaning. It was possible to see that the final roughness and the sp(3) hybridization degree (that is related with the structure and chemical composition) strongly depend on the substrate surface conditions The surface roughness was observed by AFM and SEM and the hybridization degree of the DLC films was analyzed by Raman Spectroscopy Thus, the effects of the substrate surface on the DLC film structure were confirmed. These phenomena can be explained by the fact that the locally higher surface energy and the sharp edges may induce local defects promoting the nanostructured characteristics in the DLC films. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of substrate surface topography in the deposition of nanostructured diamond-like carbon films by high density plasma chemical vapor deposition

In this work, we have studied the influence of the substrate surface condition on the roughness and the structure of the nanostructured DLC films deposited by High Density Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition. Four methods were used to modify the silicon wafers surface before starting the deposition processes of the nanostructured DLC films: micro-diamond powder dispersion, micro-graphite powder dispersion, and roughness generation by wet chemical etching and roughness generation by plasma etching. The reference wafer was only submitted to a chemical cleaning. It was possible to see that the final roughness and the sp(3) hybridization degree strongly depend on the substrate surface conditions. The surface roughness was observed by AFM and SEM and the hybridization degree of the DLC films was analyzed by Raman Spectroscopy. In these samples, the final roughness and the sp(3) hybridization quantity depend strongly on the substrate surface condition. Thus, the effects of the substrate surface on the DLC film structure were confirmed. These phenomena can be explained by the fact that the locally higher surface energy and the sharp edges may induce local defects promoting the nanostructured characteristics in the DLC films. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Detrusor overactivity is associated with downregulation of large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channel protein

Chang S, Gomes CM, Hypolite JA, Marx J, Alanzi J, Zderic SA, Malkowicz B, Wein AJ, Chacko S. Detrusor overactivity is associated with downregulation of large-conductance calcium-and voltage-activated potassium channel protein. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 298: F1416-F1423, 2010. First published April 14, 2010; doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00595.2009.-Large-conductance voltage-and calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels have been shown to play a role in detrusor overactivity (DO). The goal of this study was to determine whether bladder outlet obstructioninduced DO is associated with downregulation of BK channels and whether BK channels affect myosin light chain 20 (MLC(20)) phosphorylation in detrusor smooth muscle (DSM). Partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) was surgically induced in male New Zealand White rabbits. The rabbit PBOO model shows decreased voided volumes and increased voiding frequency. DSM from PBOO rabbits also show enhanced spontaneous contractions compared with control. Both BK channel alpha- and beta-subunits were significantly decreased in DSM from PBOO rabbits. Immunostaining shows BK beta mainly expressed in DSM, and its expression is much less in PBOO DSM compared with control DSM. Furthermore, a translational study was performed to see whether the finding discovered in the animal model can be translated to human patients. The urodynamic study demonstrates several overactive DSM contractions during the urine-filling stage in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with DO, while DSM is very quiet in BPH patients without DO. DSM biopsies revealed significantly less BK channel expression at both mRNA and protein levels. The degree of downregulation of the BK beta-subunit was greater than that of the BK alpha-subunit, and the downregulation of BK was only associated with DO, not BPH. Finally, the small interference (si) RNA-mediated downregulation of the BK beta-subunit was employed to study the effect of BK depletion on MLC(20) phosphorylation. siRNA-mediated BK channel reduction was associated with an increased MLC(20) phosphorylation level in cultured DSM cells. In summary, PBOO-induced DO is associated with downregulation of BK channel expression in the rabbit model, and this finding can be translated to human BPH patients with DO. Furthermore, downregulation of the BK channel may contribute to DO by increasing the basal level of MLC(20) phosphorylation.