Efeito de déficit hídrico transiente e doses crescentes de boro sobre a fertilidade de gemas de videira cv. Itália

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito de diferentes tensões de água no solo e diferentes concentrações de boro, na fertilidade de gemas de videira cv. Itália, manejada sob o sistema de poda mista. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar comercial, no município de Petrolina-PE. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3x3: três tensões indicativas para a recarga hídrica por irrigação (-30 kPa, -50 kPa e -70 kPa) e três concentrações de boro (3%, 6% e 9%), com três repetições e duas plantas por parcela. A testemunha não recebeu aplicações com boro e o solo foi mantido com umidade na capacidade de campo (-10 kPa). As variáveis analisadas foram fertilidade de gemas, índice relativo de clorofila (IRC) e área foliar. Os dados foram interpretados por meio de análise de variância e regressão, e os modelos escolhidos com base na significância do coeficiente de regressão (R² > 0,70). Verificou-se que a fertilidade de gemas mostrou efeito linear negativo em função do aumento da tensão de água no solo, diminuindo de 31,88% (-30 kPa), para 23,66% (-70 kPa). Contudo, a fertilidade de gemas nas videiras submetidas a uma restrição hídrica de -30 kPa foi superior à tensão de -10 kPa; o boro a 3% propiciou a maior taxa de fertilidade de gemas em comparação aos demais tratamentos com boro; a restrição hídrica no solo a -30 kPa ocasionou economia no volume de água aplicada da ordem de 35,4% em comparação ao manejo com -10 kPa; o índice relativo de clorofila aumentou linearmente com o acréscimo das tensões de água no solo e houve maior expansão da área foliar em plantas submetidas ao manejo da irrigação na capacidade de campo.

Teores foliares de nutrientes, índice relativo de clorofila e teores de nitrato e de potássio na seiva do pecíolo na videira 'Niagara Rosada'

Realizou-se um levantamento nutricional em 93 vinhedos nas regiões vitícolas de Jundiaí, São Miguel Arcanjo e Jales, no Estado de São Paulo, tendo por objetivo comparar os teores de nutrientes em amostras foliares, o teor de nitrato e de potássio na seiva do pecíolo e o índice relativo de clorofila (IRC) da videira 'Niagara Rosada'. Em 20 plantas selecionadas de cada vinhedo, amostraram-se folha inteira, limbo e pecíolo no pleno florescimento da videira. Posteriormente, realizou-se a medição do IRC no limbo e dos teores de NO3- e de K+ na seiva dos pecíolos. Nas amostras foliares, foram determinados os teores de macro e micronutrientes. Os vinhedos amostrados foram agrupados em função da região de estudo, sendo que cada vinhedo representou uma repetição, totalizando 45; 24 e 24 repetições, respectivamente, nas regiões de Jundiaí, São Miguel Arcanjo e Jales. Nos vinhedos selecionados da região de Jales, as plantas apresentaram maiores teores foliares de P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe e Mn, além de maiores IRC e teores de nitrato e potássio no pecíolo. Estas variações nos teores foliares foram relacionadas aos porta-enxertos utilizados nas regiões de estudo, sendo o 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572' e 'Ripária do Traviú', respectivamente, nas regiões de Jundiaí, Jales e São Miguel Arcanjo. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de se adequarem as faixas de concentração de nutrientes nas análises foliares, mediante ensaios regionais, levando em consideração o porta-enxerto e a região em estudo.

Pumpunvalitsimet integroidussa simulointiympäristössä

Työssä on tutkittu pumpun valintaa integroidussa simulointiympäristössä. Tutkimuksen avulla on tarkoitus kehittää tieto- ja malligallerian (Galleria) infrastuktuuria ja käytössä olevia työvälineitä siihen suuntaan, että ulkoisten valitsinkomponenttien implementoiminen Gallerian tietokantaan olisi lähitulevaisuudessa helppoa ja nopeaa. Prosessi-integraation tieto- ja malligalleria on infrastruktuurimäärittely ja työvälineistö prosessikomponenttien ja osaprosessien simulointiin tarvittavien malli- ja parametritietojen kirjastoimiseksi internetpohjaiseen tietokantaan, josta ne ovat simulointiohjelmien käyttäjien ja muiden prosessisuunnittelijoiden helposti saatavilla. Tutkimuksen kirjallisessa osassa on keskitytty tutkimaan pumpun valinnan etenemistä ja valintaan vaikuttavia tekijöitä prosessisuunnittelijan näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksen soveltavassa osassa luotiin pumpunvalitsin ja sitä testattiiin Galleria- ympäristöä vastaavassa kehitysympäristössä. Pumpunvalitsimen kehittämisessä on käytetty apuna laitevalmistajalta saatua prosessikomponenttitietoa. Pumpunvalitsimen toteutus perustuu pumpun hydrauliseen valintaan ja esimerkkitapauksena käytettiin keskipakopumppua

Disc Filter External Models in an Integrated Simulation Environment

Työssä tutkittiin kiekkosuodattimeen liittyviä ulkoisia simulointimalleja integroidussa simulointiympäristössä. Työn tarkoituksena oli parantaa olemassa olevaa mekanistista kiekkosuodatinmallia. Malli laadittiin dynaamiseen paperiteollisuuden tarpeisiin tehtyyn simulaattoriin (APMS), jossa olevaan alkuperäiseen mekanistiseen malliin tehtiin ulkoinen lisämalli, joka käyttää hyväkseen kiekkosuodatinvalmistajan mittaustuloksia. Laitetiedon saatavuutta suodattimien käyttäjille parannettiin luomalla Internetissä sijaitsevalle palvelimelle kiekkosuodattimen laitetietomäärittelyt. Suodatinvalmistaja voi palvella asiakkaitaan viemällä laitetiedot palvelimelle ja yhdistämällä laitetiedon simulointimalliin. Tämä on mahdollista Internetin ylitse käytettävän integroidun simulointiympäristön avulla, jonka on tarkoitus kokonaisvaltaisesti yhdistää simulointi ja prosessisuunnittelu. Suunnittelijalle tarjotaan työkalut, joilla dynaaminen simulointi, tasesimulointi ja kaavioiden piirtäminen onnistuu prosessilaitetiedon ollessa saatavilla. Nämä työkalut on tarkoitus toteuttaa projektissa nimeltä Galleria, jossa luodaan prosessimalli- ja laitetietopalvelin Internetiin. Gallerian käyttöliittymän avulla prosessisuunnittelija voi käyttää erilaisia simulointiohjelmistoja ja niihin luotuja valmiita malleja, sekä saada käsiinsä ajan tasalla olevaa laitetietoa. Ulkoinen kiekkosuodatinmalli laskee suodosvirtaamat ja suodosten pitoisuudet likaiselle, kirkkaalle ja superkirkkaalle suodokselle. Mallin syöttöparametrit ovat kiekkojen pyörimisnopeus, sisään tulevan syötön pitoisuus, suotautuvuus (freeness) ja säätöparametri, jolla säädetään likaisen ja kirkkaan suodoksen keskinäinen suhde. Suotautuvuus kertoo mistä massasta on kyse. Mitä suurempi suotautuvuus on, sitä paremmin massa suodattuu ja sitä puhtaampia suodokset yleensä ovat. Mallin parametrit viritettiin regressioanalyysillä ja valmistajan palautetta apuna käyttäen. Käyttäjä voi valita haluaako hän käyttää ulkoista vai alkuperäistä mallia. Alkuperäinen malli täytyy ensin alustaa antamalla sille nominaaliset toimintapisteet virtaamille ja pitoisuuksille tietyllä pyörimisnopeudella. Ulkoisen mallin yhtälöitä voi käyttää alkuperäisen mallin alustamiseen, jos alkuperäinen malli toimii ulkoista paremmin. Ulkoista mallia voi käyttää myös ilman simulointiohjelmaa Galleria-palvelimelta käsin. Käyttäjälle avautuu näin mahdollisuus tarkastella kiekkosuodattimien parametreja ja nähdä suotautumistulokset oman työasemansa ääreltä mistä tahansa, kunhan Internetyhteys on olemassa. Työn tuloksena kiekkosuodattimien laitetiedon saatavuus käyttäjille parani ja alkuperäisen simulointimallin rajoituksia ja puutteita vähennettiin.

Improved predictive mapping of indoor radon concentrations using ensemble regression trees based on automatic clustering of geological units.

PURPOSE: According to estimations around 230 people die as a result of radon exposure in Switzerland. This public health concern makes reliable indoor radon prediction and mapping methods necessary in order to improve risk communication to the public. The aim of this study was to develop an automated method to classify lithological units according to their radon characteristics and to develop mapping and predictive tools in order to improve local radon prediction. METHOD: About 240 000 indoor radon concentration (IRC) measurements in about 150 000 buildings were available for our analysis. The automated classification of lithological units was based on k-medoids clustering via pair-wise Kolmogorov distances between IRC distributions of lithological units. For IRC mapping and prediction we used random forests and Bayesian additive regression trees (BART). RESULTS: The automated classification groups lithological units well in terms of their IRC characteristics. Especially the IRC differences in metamorphic rocks like gneiss are well revealed by this method. The maps produced by random forests soundly represent the regional difference of IRCs in Switzerland and improve the spatial detail compared to existing approaches. We could explain 33% of the variations in IRC data with random forests. Additionally, the influence of a variable evaluated by random forests shows that building characteristics are less important predictors for IRCs than spatial/geological influences. BART could explain 29% of IRC variability and produced maps that indicate the prediction uncertainty. CONCLUSION: Ensemble regression trees are a powerful tool to model and understand the multidimensional influences on IRCs. Automatic clustering of lithological units complements this method by facilitating the interpretation of radon properties of rock types. This study provides an important element for radon risk communication. Future approaches should consider taking into account further variables like soil gas radon measurements as well as more detailed geological information.

The Aspergillus fumigatus septins play pleiotropic roles in septation, conidiation, and cell wall stress, but are dispensable for virulence.

Septins are a conserved family of GTPases that regulate important cellular processes such as cell wall integrity, and septation in fungi. The requirement of septins for virulence has been demonstrated in the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, as well as the plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Aspergillus spp. contains five genes encoding for septins (aspA-E). While the importance of septins AspA, AspB, AspC, and AspE for growth and conidiation has been elucidated in the filamentous fungal model Aspergillus nidulans, nothing is known on the role of septins in growth and virulence in the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Here we deleted all five A. fumigatus septins, and generated certain double and triple septin deletion strains. Phenotypic analyses revealed that while all the septins are dispensable in normal growth conditions, AspA, AspB, AspC and AspE are required for regular septation. Furthermore, deletion of only the core septin genes significantly reduced conidiation. Concomitant with the absence of an electron-dense outer conidial wall, the ΔaspB strain was also sensitive to anti-cell wall agents. Infection with the ΔaspB strain in a Galleria mellonella model of invasive aspergillosis showed hypervirulence, but no virulence difference was noted when compared to the wild-type strain in a murine model of invasive aspergillosis. Although the deletion of aspB resulted in increased release of TNF-α from the macrophages, no significant inflammation differences in lung histology was noted between the ΔaspB strain and the wild-type strain. Taken together, these results point to the importance of septins in A. fumigatus growth, but not virulence in a murine model.

Alcalosis metabólica y tratamiento con Diálisis Peritoneal. A propósito de un caso

La acidosis metabólica que presentan los pacientes en IRC es consecuencia del fallo, por parte de los riñones, de la eliminación de los hidrogeniones. Estos son captados por el bicarbonato formando dióxido de carbono y eliminándolos por vía renal, mientras que el bicarbonato es reabsorbido por los túbulos renales (1). Una de las funciones de la diálisis es corregir la acidosis poniendo la sangre del paciente en contacto con soluciones tampón para que equilibren dicha acidosis. Estas soluciones captan los hidrogeniones, facilitando el mantenimiento del equilibrio ácido-base (2). La corrección de la acidosis en pacientes sometidos a tratamiento con diálisis peritoneal (DP) no está exenta de...

Stepwise emergence of azole, echinocandin and amphotericin B multidrug resistance in vivo in Candida albicans orchestrated by multiple genetic alterations.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to characterize the underlying molecular mechanisms in consecutive clinical Candida albicans isolates from a single patient displaying stepwise-acquired multidrug resistance. METHODS: Nine clinical isolates (P-1 to P-9) were susceptibility tested by EUCAST EDef 7.2 and Etest. P-4, P-5, P-7, P-8 and P-9 were available for further studies. Relatedness was evaluated by MLST. Additional genes were analysed by sequencing (including FKS1, ERG11, ERG2 and TAC1) and gene expression by quantitative PCR (CDR1, CDR2 and ERG11). UV-spectrophotometry and GC-MS were used for sterol analyses. In vivo virulence was determined in the insect model Galleria mellonella and evaluated by log-rank Mantel-Cox tests. RESULTS: P-1 + P-2 were susceptible, P-3 + P-4 fluconazole resistant, P-5 pan-azole resistant, P-6 + P-7 pan-azole and echinocandin resistant and P-8 + P-9 MDR. MLST supported genetic relatedness among clinical isolates. P-4 harboured four changes in Erg11 (E266D, G307S, G450E and V488I), increased expression of ERG11 and CDR2 and a change in Tac1 (R688Q). P-5, P-7, P-8 and P-9 had an additional change in Erg11 (A61E), increased expression of CDR1, CDR2 and ERG11 (except for P-7) and a different amino acid change in Tac1 (R673L). Echinocandin-resistant isolates harboured the Fks1 S645P alteration. Polyene-resistant P-8 + P-9 lacked ergosterol and harboured a frameshift mutation in ERG2 (F105SfsX23). Virulence was attenuated (but equivalent) in the clinical isolates, but higher than in the azole- and echinocandin-resistant unrelated control strain. CONCLUSIONS: C. albicans demonstrates a diverse capacity to adapt to antifungal exposure. Potentially novel resistance-inducing mutations in TAC1, ERG11 and ERG2 require independent validation.

RNA enrichment method for quantitative transcriptional analysis of pathogens in vivo applied to the fungus Candida albicans.

UNLABELLED: In vivo transcriptional analyses of microbial pathogens are often hampered by low proportions of pathogen biomass in host organs, hindering the coverage of full pathogen transcriptome. We aimed to address the transcriptome profiles of Candida albicans, the most prevalent fungal pathogen in systemically infected immunocompromised patients, during systemic infection in different hosts. We developed a strategy for high-resolution quantitative analysis of the C. albicans transcriptome directly from early and late stages of systemic infection in two different host models, mouse and the insect Galleria mellonella. Our results show that transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) libraries were enriched for fungal transcripts up to 1,600-fold using biotinylated bait probes to capture C. albicans sequences. This enrichment biased the read counts of only ~3% of the genes, which can be identified and removed based on a priori criteria. This allowed an unprecedented resolution of C. albicans transcriptome in vivo, with detection of over 86% of its genes. The transcriptional response of the fungus was surprisingly similar during infection of the two hosts and at the two time points, although some host- and time point-specific genes could be identified. Genes that were highly induced during infection were involved, for instance, in stress response, adhesion, iron acquisition, and biofilm formation. Of the in vivo-regulated genes, 10% are still of unknown function, and their future study will be of great interest. The fungal RNA enrichment procedure used here will help a better characterization of the C. albicans response in infected hosts and may be applied to other microbial pathogens. IMPORTANCE: Understanding the mechanisms utilized by pathogens to infect and cause disease in their hosts is crucial for rational drug development. Transcriptomic studies may help investigations of these mechanisms by determining which genes are expressed specifically during infection. This task has been difficult so far, since the proportion of microbial biomass in infected tissues is often extremely low, thus limiting the depth of sequencing and comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Here, we adapted a technology to capture and enrich C. albicans RNA, which was next used for deep RNA sequencing directly from infected tissues from two different host organisms. The high-resolution transcriptome revealed a large number of genes that were so far unknown to participate in infection, which will likely constitute a focus of study in the future. More importantly, this method may be adapted to perform transcript profiling of any other microbes during host infection or colonization.

Randomised, multicentre, phase III, open-label study of alectinib vs crizotinib in treatment-naïve anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive advanced NSCLC (ALEX study).

Background: In ∼5% of advanced NSCLC tumours, ALK tyrosine kinase is constitutively activated after translocation of ALK. ALK+ NSCLC was shown to be highly sensitive to the first approved ALK inhibitor, crizotinib. However, all pts eventually relapse on crizotinib mainly due to secondary ALK mutations/amplification or CNS metastases. Alectinib is a highly selective, potent, oral next-generation ALK inhibitor. Clinical phase II alectinib data in 46 crizotinib-naïve pts with ALK+ NSCLC reported an objective response rate (ORR) of 93.5% and a 1-year progression-free rate of 83% (95% CI: 68-92) (Inoue et al. J Thorac Oncol 2013). CNS activity was seen: of 14 pts with baseline brain metastasis, 11 had prior CNS radiation, 9 of these experienced CNS and systemic PFS of >12 months; of the 3 pts without prior CNS radiation, 2 were >15 months progression free. Trial design: Randomised, multicentre, phase III, open-label study in pts with treatment-naïve ALK+ advanced, recurrent, or metastatic NSCLC. All pts must provide pretreatment tumour tissue to confirm ALK rearrangement (by IHC). Pts (∼286 from ∼180 centres, ∼30 countries worldwide) will be randomised to alectinib (600mg oral bid, with food) or crizotinib (250mg oral bid, with/without food) until disease progression (PD), unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or death. Stratification factors are: ECOG PS (0/1 vs 2), race (Asian vs non-Asian), baseline CNS metastases (yes vs no). Primary endpoint: PFS by investigators (RECIST v1.1). Secondary endpoints: PFS by Independent Review Committee (IRC); ORR; duration of response; OS; safety; pharmacokinetics; quality of life. Additionally, time to CNS progression will be evaluated (MRI) for the first time in a prospective randomised NSCLC trial as a secondary endpoint. Pts with isolated asymptomatic CNS progression will be allowed to continue treatment beyond documented progression until systemic PD and/or symptomatic CNS progression, according to investigator opinion. Time to CNS progression will be retrospectively assessed by the IRC using two separate criteria, RECIST and RANO. Further details: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02075840). Disclosure: T.S.K. Mok: Advisory boards: AZ, Roche, Eli Lilly, Merck Serono, Eisai, BMS, AVEO, Pfizer, Taiho, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, GSK Biologicals, Clovis Oncology, Amgen, Janssen, BioMarin; board of directors: IASLC; corporate sponsored research: AZ; M. Perol: Advisory boards: Roche; S.I. Ou: Consulting: Pfizer, Chugai, Genentech Speaker Bureau: Pfizer, Genentech, Boehringer Ingelheim; I. Bara: Employee: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd; V. Henschel: Employee and stock: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; D.R. Camidge: Honoraria: Roche/Genentech. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Etude observationnelle prospective comparant un analyseur automatique non-operateur dépendant de la VOP avec la pression de pouls, dans l'évaluation de la rigidité artérielle en hémodialye

L'insuffisance rénale chronique (IRC) accélère le durcissement vasculaire lié à l'âge. La rigidité artérielle peut être évaluée en mesurant la vitesse de l'onde du pouls (VOP) carotide-fémorale ou plus simplement, comme le recommandent les lignes directrices du KDOQI, en surveillant la pression du pouls (PP). Les deux mesures sont en corrélation avec la survie et l'incidence des maladies cardio-vasculaires. La VOP peut également être évaluée au niveau de l'artère brachiale avec l'aide d'un Mobil-O-Graph ; un dispositif automatique non-opérateur dépendant. Le but de l'étude était de vérifier si, dans une population de dialysés, la VOP obtenue par Mobil-O-Graph (MogVOP) est plus sensible que la PP pour détecter le vieillissement vasculaire. Un groupe de 143 patients de 4 unités de dialyse a été suivi en mesurant la MogVOP et la PP tous les 3 à 6 mois. Les résultants ont été comparés avec un groupe de contrôle qui avait les même facteurs de risque mais une eGFR > 30 ml/min. La MogVOP, contrairement à la PP, arrive à discriminer la population des dialysés du groupe de contrôle. La différence moyenne, traduite en âge, entre les deux populations était de 8.4 ans. L'augmentation de la MogVOP, en fonction de l'âge, était plus rapide dans le groupe de dialyse. 13.3% des patients dialysés, mais seulement 3.0% du groupe de contrôle, était des "outliers" pour la MogVOP. Le taux de mortalité (16 sur 143) était similaire chez les "outliers" et les "inliers" (7.4 contre 8.0% par ans). En stratifiant les patients selon la MogVOP on a pu observer une différence significative de la survie. Une valeur haute de parathormone (PTH) et le fait d'être dialysé pour une néphropathie hypertensive ont été associés à un niveau de base de MogVOP supérieur. Évaluer la VOP sur l'artère brachiale, en utilisant un Mobil-O-Graph, est une alternative valide et simple, laquelle, auprès de la population des dialysés, se révèle plus sensible au vieillissement vasculaire que la PP. Comme démontré dans des études antérieures la VOP est corrélée à la mortalité. Parmi les facteurs de risque spécifiques de l'IRC seulement la PTH est associée à une VOP de base plus haute.

Guercino (1591-1666). Capolavori da Cento e da Roma

Un dels molts actes amb què la ciutat de Roma ha celebrat els 150 anys de la unificació d"Itàlia (1861˗2011) ha estat la presentació oficial del complex i acurat procés de restauració del Palazzo Barberini (1625˗1633). Restauració de l"edifici i, alhora, reestructuració de l"espai expositiu i del discurs museogràfic de la Galleria Nazionale di Arte Antica, dirigit tot per Rossella Vodret, reconeguda historiadora de l"art i Soprintendente per il Patrimonio Storico Artistico e del Polo Museale di Roma.

Siirtymiä / Segues

Ajan ontologiaa käsittelevä valokuvanäyttely Galleria Emil Studio 2.12. - 18.12. 2012

Laparoscopia no implante do catéter de diálise peritoneal ambulatorial (CAPD)

Os autores apresentaram sua experiência com o posicionamento do catéter de diálise peritoneal ambulatorial utilizando a laparoscopia como via de acesso. Este trabalho tem por finalidade demonstrar os resultados obtidos com o procedimento, enfatizando a técnica cirúrgica e as vantagens em relação à abordagem convencional. Foram operados 51 paciente portadores de insuficiência renal crônica (IRC), que necessitavam de terapia dialítica. A faixa etária oscilou de 12 a 82 anos, sendo 19 pacientes do sexo masculino (37,3%) e trinta do sexo feminino (62,7%). O procedimento cirúrgico constou de implante do catéter em 44 pacientes, reimplante em três e retirada com reimplante em outros quatro. A avaliação pós-operatória demonstrou funcionamento satisfatório do catéter em 92,2% dos pacientes, sendo evidenciadas complicações relacionadas ao procedimento em três casos (5,9%). Nenhum paciente evoluiu para óbito em nossa casuística.

Modelo cirúrgico de insuficiência renal crônica: estudo em coelhos

OBJETIVO: Estabelecer um modelo de insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) em coelhos, com perspectivas de seu uso para ações terapêuticas e reparadoras. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 19 coelhos da linhagem Nova Zelândia, machos, adultos, aleatoriamente distribuídos em três Grupos: Grupo 1 - Controle (n =5), Grupo 2- Simulação (n =7), Grupo 3 - Experimental (n =7). Os animais foram anestesiados com Cetamina e Diazepam e Fentanil por via intramuscular e Sevorane, através de vaporizador. No Grupo 3 realizou-se uma nefrectomia bipolar esquerda e após quatro semanas, uma nefrectomia direita. Todas as amostras do parênquima renal foram pesadas. O Grupo 2 foi submetido a duas laparotomias, sem nefrectomia.. Em todos os grupos foram realizadas avaliações: bioquímicas com dosagens de uréia, creatinina, sódio e potássio; ultra-sonográficas abdominais; cintigráficas e histológicas. RESULTADOS: No Grupo 3 houve aumento progressivo da uréia (p=0.0001), creatinina (p=0,0001), sódio (p= 0,0002) e potássio (p=0,0003). A comparação destes resultados com os dos Grupos 1 e 2, nos diversos intervalos, também revelou elevação sérica, com significância estatística (p < 0,05). A ultra-sonografia identificou aumento do rim esquerdo no grupo 3, após 16 semanas. A cintigrafia comprovou, na 4ª semana, perda de 75%da massa renal esquerda. No Grupo 3, a avaliação histológica evidenciou fibrose subcapsular e intersticial e regeneração tubular. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo experimental de IRC é exeqüível, com sobrevida dos animais, em médio prazo, o que permite o uso deste intervalo como janela terapêutica para testar diferentes ações reparadoras ao parênquima renal comprometido.