Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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Social inequalities in health among children and adolescents in Germany : an investigation of political approaches

The present diploma thesis analyses the German political understanding of social inequalities in health (SIH) among children and adolescents, and explores the political strategies that are perceived as most effective to tackle SIH. The study is based on the qualitative content analysis of official political documents developed at different political levels, which were the national level as well as two purposefully selected counties, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Niedersachsen. The study's findings indicate a beginning awareness of the existence of SIH in Germany. Nevertheless, this judgement refers to few publishing ministries only, both at national and county levels. The suggested approaches to tackle SIH vary significantly among the analysed documents, and no consensus can be identified with regard to the preference of upstream or downstream policies. The existence of the social gradient is not criticised in any of the analysed data. However, there seems to be a common agreement on the importance of setting related interventions and the contribution of both the national, regional, and local politic levels. As the absence of a central coordinator can explain these highly heterogeneous findings, key recommendations concern the establishment of a nation-wide coordinator and a nation-wide collection of best practice examples. Here, the Federal Centre for Health Education has an adequate position and the required competences to act as a coordinator and facilitator. Further requirements for a successful reduction of SIH in Germany are the extension of a continuous communication between all actors, the adoption of the planned German Prevention Law, and the nation-wide and early promotion of children as part of education policies in the federal states.

Estudos sobre a nutrição mineral do arroz: XIII. efeitos das deficiências de micronutrientes nas variedades IAC-25 e IAC-47

Plantas de arroz, variedades IAC-25 e IAC-47 foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva e com deficiência de B, Cu e Zn. Foram obtidos sintomas de carência dos três micronutrientes. As deficiências induzidas provocaram diminuição na matéria seca total e no número de folhas das duas variedades. O mesmo ocorreu no numero de perfilhos da var. IAC-47. Foi feita a determinação dos teores dos micronutrientes nas plantas submetidas aos diferentes tratamentos o que forneceu dados que ajudam a avaliação do estado nutricional.

Nutrição mineral de plantas ornamentais XIII: absorção de macronutrientes pelo crisântemo, cultivar Golden Polaris

Com o objetivo de determinar: As concentrações dos macronutrientes, nos órgãos da planta, em função de idade; A acumulação de nutrientes pela planta. Foi instalada um ensaio, no município de Campinas, SP, em solo tradicionalmente adubado. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições e amostragens das plantas realizada aos 6, 27, 55, 69, 83, 97, 111 e 125 dias após o plantão, divididos em hastes e folhas que foram secas em estufa a 85°C e analisadas para N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. Os autores concluiram que: Nas hastes e folhas, as concentrações de nutrientes são instáveis e variam em função da idade da planta. As concentrações de N, K, Mg, S diminuem nas hastes e nas folhas com a idade da planta, enquanto o teor de P apresenta pouca variação nas folhas, aumenta nas hastes. O Ca diminue nas hastes aumentando nas folhas. Decorridos 125 dias do plantio, o acúmulo de nutrientes pelas hastes de uma planta é: K - 689 mg; N - 458 mg; Ca -130 mg; Mg - 52 mg; P - 46 mg e S - 35 mg.

Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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IFRS adoption in Europe: the case of Germany

From 2005 onwards, consolidated financial statements of listed European companies will have to comply with IFRS (IAS). Many German companies began adopting those standards in the 1990s, on a voluntary basis, because of their need to access international capital funding. Spanish companies, by contrast, are not permitted to adopt IFRS before 2005. This paper has two purposes: first, it analyses the financial impact of initial IFRS adoption on the statement of changes in equity and the income statement of individual German companies. Second, and taking into account the German experience, it focuses on the expected impacts on a sample of listed Spanish companies in two industrial sectors: chemical-pharmaceutical and fashion. Our analysis of German companies comprised all non-financial DAX groups applying IFRS plus additional listed companies in the two selected industrial sectors identified above. The impact of initial adoption of IFRS on German companies was, both individually and overall, very significant. The analysis suggests that the expected impact on Spanish companies is likely to be significant but to a lesser degree than in respect of the German companies in the study.

Els Senadors republicans catalans durant la monarquía d’Alfons XIII (1903-1923)

Si bé durant el primer quart del segle XX la presència de republicans en el Senat fou sempre escassa, l'autor ha comptabilitzat, entre 1903 i 1923, 31 actes de republicans en el conjunt d'Espanya, 16 de les quals corresponen a senadors catalans. Durant aquest perí­ode, Catalunya fou el baluard més potent del republicanisme a Espanya.

Novos longicórneos neotrópicos: XIII. (Col., Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae)

The author describes one new genus, Dihammaphoroides allied to Dihammaphora Chevr., 1859 and tree new species: Coleoxestia omega, approximate to bivittata (Buq., 1852), Ommata (Eclipta) melzeri resembling castanea Bat., 1873 and Dihammaphoroides sanguinicollis, all from Brazil, Prov. Rio de Janeiro, National Park Itatiaia, collected by J. F. Zikan.

Catálogo sistemático dos pólens das plantas arbóreas do Brasil meridional XIII - Flacourtiaceae e Caricaceae

Foram estudados os grãos de pólen das espécies arbóreas e de uma espécie herbácea (Aphaerema spicatum) das FLACOURTIACEAE e CARICACEAE da floresta umbrófila subtropical do sul do Brasil. Muita semelhança foi constatada entre os gêneros das FLACOURTIACEAE, exceto Casearia, cujos grãos de pólen são variáveis, de um modo geral caracterizados pela presença de nexina 1. Os grãos das CARICACEAE estudados são semelhantes aos das FLACOURTIACEAE, diferindo á primeira vista pela presença de granulações de sexina sobre os colpos naquela família. Considerando a presença de nexina 1 como caráter evolutivo, Casearia e Carica quercifolia seriam as mais evoluídas entre as espécies estudadas destas duas famílias.

Early Tithonian Saturnalidae (Radiolaria) from the Solnhofen area (Southern Franconian Alb, Southern Germany)

In order to complete the study of the very rich early Tithonian (Hybonoticeras hybonotum Zone) radiolarian fauna from the Muhlheim Member of the Mornsheim Formation outcropping in the Solnhofen area, the taxa of the family Saturnalidae are described. Although rather rare, the Saturnalidae of this member contain 14 species, ten of which are new. These species belong to four genera, one of which is new (Moebicircus n. gen.), and two subfamilies (Hexasaturnalinae and Saturnalinae). The taxonomy at generic level of these late Jurassic radiolarians is founded on the basis of the position of the blades along the ring and number and morphology of the spines. Type of spines (simple or forked) has either species level value or none, depending on species. Special attention was given to anomalies, which sometimes are rather frequent, since they can give information of paleobiological and paleoecological orders. Among them frequent cases of open ring and additional spines with Dicerosaturnalis and Siamese twins skeletons with Spongosaturninus and Dicerosaturnalis are to be noted. The authors hope that this new taxonomy will give a better image of the evolution and radiation of the Saturnalidae during the Tithonian.

New Sorex araneus karyotypes from Germany and the postglacial recolonization of central Europe

New G-banded karyotypes from populations of the common shrew Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 provide a clearer picture of the distribution of chromosome races in central Europe. As expected according to their occurrence in neighbouring countries, the Jutland (kq, no), Laska (k/o) and Drnholec (ko, nr) races are also found in Germany. A new chromosome race "Rugen" (kq) is described from this Baltic Island. Together with the previously recorded races Ulm and Mooswald (kr), six chromosome races are now known from Germany. The resulting distribution pattern is characterized by high frequencies of different race-specific metacentrics at the periphery of the country and clines with decreasing frequencies towards the centre which is occupied by the Ulm race. This race is acrocentric for all chromosome arms involved in the observed race-specific fusions and represents a buffer between the surrounding, more metacentric races. According to the present distribution of these metacentrics, a scenario for the postglacial recolonization of central Europe by S. araneus populations on three different routes is proposed: from the east along the northern slopes of the Carpathian Arc, from the south-east along the Danube Valley and from the south-west through the Upper Rhine Valley.

Stable isotope composition of smectite in suevites at the Ries crater, Germany: Implications for hydrous alteration of impactites

The 24-km diameter Ries crater, Germany, exhibits well-preserved crater filling and surficial melt-rich breccia deposits that are believed to have been altered by post-impact hydrothermal fluids. The alteration mineralogy of the crater filling breccias is characterized by clay (smectite, chlorite) and a zeolite assemblage, and secondary clay phases (smectite, minor halloysite) in surficial melt-bearing breccia deposits. Using stable isotope analysis of secondary smectitic clay fractions, evidence of significant hydrous alteration of impactites at large water/rock ratios was found. The estimated fluid temperatures, using data derived by delta(18)O and delta D fractionation, suggest smectite precipitation in surficial breccias in equilibrium with meteoric fluids at temperatures 16 +/- 5 degrees C in agreement with the long-term variation of modern precipitation in the area. The stable isotope composition of smectite in crater-fill breccia, however, suggests a trend of monotonously increasing temperatures from 43 to 112 degrees C. with increasing depth through the breccia sequence. This demonstrates a different origin of alteration and temperature distribution for the surficial and crater filling melt-bearing impact breccias in the Ries crater. Our results suggest that the inverted structure of hydrothermal systems observed in some terrestrial impact craters, including the Ries crater, could indicate the initial configuration of a thermal anomaly in the crater filling sequence, but which is replaced with a normal hydrothermal convection in crater proper, during the course of post-impact cooling. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Age, Life-satisfaction, and Relative Income – Insights from the UK and Germany

We first confirm previous results with the German Socio-Economic Panel by Layard et al. (2010), and obtain strong negative effects of comparison income. However, when we split the sample by age, we find quite different results for reference income. The effects on lifesatisfaction are positive and significant for those under 45, consistent with Hirschman’s (1973) ‘tunnel effect’, and only negative (and larger than in the full sample) for those over 45, when relative deprivation dominates. Thus for young respondents, reference income’s signalling role, indicating potential future prospects, can outweigh relative deprivation effects. Own-income effects are also larger for the older sample, and of greater magnitude than the comparison income effect. In East Germany the reference income effects are insignificant for all. With data from the British Household Panel Survey, we confirm standard results when encompassing all ages, but reference income loses significance in both age groups, and most surprisingly, even own income becomes insignificant for those over 45, while education has significant negative effects.

Genuine savings and future well-being in Germany, 1850-2000

Genuine Savings (GS), also known as ‘net adjusted savings’, is a composite indicator of the sustainability of economic development. Genuine Savings reflects year-on-year changes in the total wealth or capital of a country, including net investment in produced capita, investment in human capital, depletion of natural resources, and damage caused by pollution. A negative Genuine Savings rate suggests that the stock of national wealth is declining and that future utility must be less than current utility, indicating that economic development is non-sustainable (Hamilton and Clemens, 1999). We make use of data over a 150 year period to examine the relationship between Genuine Savings and a number of indicators of well-being over time, and compare the relative changes in human, produced, and components of natural capital over the period. Overall, we find that the magnitude of genuine savings is positively related to changes in future consumption, with some evidence of a cointegrating relationship. However, the relationships between genuine savings and infant mortality or average heights are less clear.