913 resultados para FoxP3, Galectin-10, autoimmunity, tolerance, CD4 CD25 regulatory T cells
Resumo:
INTRODUO: A infeco por HIV-1 um grave problema de sade pblica causando elevada taxa de morbidade e mortalidade. Entretanto, alguns indivduos so considerados resistentes infeco por HIV-1, mesmo aps repetidas exposies ao vrus. Vrios fatores imunolgicos e genticos podem estar associados a resistncia infeco, como ativao de componentes da imunidade inata e tambm devido ao baixo perfil de ativao das clulas T. possvel que nos indivduos expostos e no infectados por HIV-1 (ENI) ocorra uma importante atuao das clulas T secretoras de IL-17 e IL-22, e tambm as clulas T reguladoras, pois so necessrias para a manuteno e homeostase das mucosas associadas ao intestino (GALT). OBJETIVO: Avaliar o fentipo e a funo de clulas TCD4+ e TCD8+ em casais sorodiscordante ao HIV-1, compostos por indivduos ENI e os parceiros infectados por HIV-1. MTODOS: Os casais sorodiscordantes ao HIV-1, consistiam de 23 indivduos expostos no-infectados (ENI), 14 mulheres e 9 homens, com mediana de 41 anos e 21 parceiros infectados por HIV-1 (HIV), 20 homens e 1 mulher com mediana de 41 anos. Os controles saudveis foram 24 indivduos (14 mulheres e 10 homens) com mediana de 37 anos. Os casais sorodiscordantes foram compostos por 16 heterossexuais e 7 homossexuais, com tempo de relacionamento de 13 anos. As frequncias de clulas Th17, Th22 e Tc22, as clulas T polifuncionais foram analisadas em clulas mononucleares (CMNs) do sangue perifrico, estimulados com peptdeos da regio Gag do HIV-1 e da enterotoxina B do Staphylococcus aureus (SEB), a frequncia de clulas T reguladoras, o perfil fenotpico de exausto/diferenciao e a expresso da integrina alfa4?7 e CCR9 em clulas T, foram realizados por citometria de fluxo. RESULTADOS: No grupo HIV, as clulas T CD4+ e CD8+ do sangue perifrico mostrou maior frequncia de CD95 e PD-1 e baixa expresso de CD127 comparado ao grupo ENI e controle. A frequncia de clulas Th17 em CMNs aumentou nos grupos ENI e HIV-1 na condio sem estmulo, contudo, aps estmulo com os peptdeos da regio p24 da Gag do HIV-1 induziu resposta somente no grupo HIV-1. O grupo ENI mostrou resposta antgeno-especifica somente para IL-22. Alm disto, avaliando as clulas Tc22 e Th22, foi verificado aumento da resposta aos peptdeos da Gag e tambm ao SEB, nos grupos HIV e ENI. A presena de clulas T polifuncionais antgeno-especificas, secretoras de 5-4 citocinas, foi detectada apenas em clulas T CD38+ no grupo HIV, enquanto os indivduos ENI mostraram resposta polifuncional por clulas T CD38- somente ao estmulo policlonal por SEB. Uma diminuio do nmero absoluto de clulas T reguladoras (CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Foxp3+) foi detectada no grupo HIV comparado ao ENI e controle, com maior expresso de molculas HLA-DR e CD95. Alm disto, foi detectado diminuio na frequncia de clulas TCD8+ ?4?7+ no grupo ENI e de clulas TCD4+ alfa4beta7+ nos grupos ENI e HIV. Houve uma correlao positiva entre as clulas Tc22 e Th22 com as clulas TCD8+ e TCD4+ que expressam alfa4beta7, no grupo ENI e HIV-1. CONCLUSO: Os indivduos ENI so capazes de desenvolver resposta antgeno-especficas relacionadas com a IL-22, que possui importante funo na imunidade de mucosas. Alm disto, mostram presena de clulas T polifuncionais com baixo perfil de ativao a estmulo policlonal. Os dados evidenciam que os indivduos ENI, mostram induo de clulas Tc22, aumento de expresso de molculas de migrao para o intestino e equilbrio entre as clulas efetoras e Treg, que em conjunto, devem exercer importante papel para a resistncia infeco por HIV-1
Resumo:
Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is the gene mutated in the human polyglandular autoimmune disease called Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy, candidiasis, and ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) that belongs to the Finnish disease heritage. Murine Aire has been shown to be important in the generation of the T cell central tolerance in the thymus by promoting the expression of ectopic tissue-specific antigens in the thymic medulla. Aire is also involved in the thymus tissue organization during organogenesis. In addition to the thymus, AIRE/Aire is expressed in the secondary lymphoid organs. Accordingly, a role for AIRE/Aire in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance has been suggested. Peripheral tolerance involves mechanisms that suppress immune responses in secondary lymphoid organs. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an important suppressive T cell population mediating the peripheral tolerance. Tregs are generated in the thymus but also in the peripheral immune system T cells can acquire the Treg-phenotype. The aim of this study was to characterize Tregs in APECED patients and in the APECED mouse model (Aire-deficient mice). In the mouse model, it was possible to separate Aire expression in the thymus and in the secondary lymphoid organs. The relative importance of thymic and peripheral Aire expression in the maintenance of immunological tolerance was studied in an experimental model that was strongly biased towards autoimmunity, i.e. lymphopenia-induced proliferation (LIP) of lymphocytes. This experimental model was also utilised to study the behaviour of T cells with dual-specific T cell receptors (TCR) during the proliferation. The Treg phenotype was studied by flow cytometry and relative gene expression with real-time polymerase chain reaction. TCR repertoires of the Tregs isolated from APECED patients and healthy controls were also compared. The dual-specific TCRs were studied with the TCR repertoire analysis that was followed with sequencing of the chosen TCR genes in order to estimate changes in the dual-specific TCR diversity. The Treg function was tested with an in vitro suppression assay. The APECED patients had normal numbers of Tregs but the phenotype and suppressive functions of the Tregs were impaired. In order to separate Aire functions in the thymus from its yet unknown role in the secondary lymphoid organs, the phenomenon of LIP was utilised. In this setting, the lymphocytes that are adoptively transferred to a lymphopenic recipient proliferate to stimuli from self-originating antigens. This proliferation can result in autoimmunity if peripheral tolerance is not fully functional. When lymphocytes that had matured without Aire in the thymus were transferred to lymphopenic Aire-sufficient recipients, no clinical autoimmunity followed. The Aire-deficient donor-originating lymphocytes hyperproliferated, and other signs of immune dysregulation were also found in the recipients. Overt autoimmunity, however, was prevented by the Aire-deficient donor-originating Tregs that hyperproliferated in the recipients. Aire-deficient lymphopenic mice were used to study whether peripheral loss of Aire had an impact on the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. When normal lymphocytes were transferred to these Aire-deficient lymphopenic recipients, the majority of recipients developed a clinically symptomatic colitis. The colitis was confirmed also by histological analysis of the colon tissue sections. In the Aire-deficient lymphopenic recipients Tregs were proliferating significantly less than in the control group s recipients that had normal Aire expression in their secondary lymphoid organs. This study shows that Aire is not only important in the central tolerance but is also has a significant role in the maintenance of the peripheral tolerance both in mice and men. Aire expressed in the secondary lymphoid organs is involved in the functions of Tregs during an immune response. This peripheral expression appears to be relatively more important in some situations since only those lymphopenic recipients that had lost peripheral expression of Aire developed a symptomatic autoimmune disease. This AIRE-related Treg defect could be clinically important in understanding the pathogenesis of APECED.
Resumo:
CD4+CD25+T1995TTreg HIV/SIVAIDSTregTregHIV/SIVCD4+CD25+TSIVSIVmac239SIV1DNA19900399083SIVTCD4+TCD8+TCD4/CD8SIVSIVmac2394CD4+CD25+TTregTregSIVCD4+TTregSIVFoxP3 mRNATGF-IL-10SIVTreg TregCCR5HIVCD4HIV/SIVTregTregSIVTregTregCD4+CD25TTregSIVTregTregTregSIVSIVp27
Resumo:
Despite studies demonstrating that inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has significant chemotherapeutic benefits in vitro and in vivo, inhibition of COX enzymes is associated with serious gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects, limiting the clinical utility of these drugs. PGE2 signals through four different receptors (EP1EP4) and targeting individual receptor(s) may avoid these side effects, while retaining significant anticancer benefits. Here, we show that targeted inhibition of the EP1 receptor in the tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment resulted in the significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Both dietary administration and direct injection of the EP1 receptor-specific antagonist, ONO-8713, effectively reduced the growth of established CT26 tumors in BALB/c mice, with suppression of the EP1 receptor in the tumor cells alone less effective in reducing tumor growth. This antitumor effect was associated with reduced Fas ligand expression and attenuated tumor-induced immune suppression. In particular, tumor infiltration by CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells was decreased, whereas the cytotoxic activity of isolated splenocytes against CT26 cells was increased. F4/80+ macrophage infiltration was also decreased; however, there was no change in macrophage phenotype. These findings suggest that the EP1 receptor represents a potential target for the treatment of colon cancer.
Resumo:
Muscle specific tyrosine kinase myasthenia gravis (MuSK MG) is a form of autoimmune MG that predominantly affects women and has unique clinical features, including prominent bulbar weakness, muscle atrophy, and excellent response to therapeutic plasma exchange. Patients with MuSK MG have predominantly IgG4 autoantibodies directed against MuSK on the postsynaptic muscle membrane. Lymphocyte functionality has not been reported in this condition. The goal of this study was to characterize T cell responses in patients with MuSK MG. Intracellular production of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-17, and IL-21 by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was measured by polychromatic flow cytometry in peripheral blood samples from 11 Musk MG patients and 10 healthy controls. Only one MuSK MG patient was not receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Regulatory T cells (Treg) were also included in our analysis to determine if changes in T cell function were due to altered Treg frequencies. CD8+ T cells from MuSK MG patients had higher frequencies of polyfunctional responses than controls, and CD4+ T cells had higher IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IL-17. MuSK MG patients had a higher percentage of CD4+ T cells producing combinations of IFN-gamma/IL-2/TNF-gamma, TNF-alpha/IL-2, and IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha. Interestingly, Treg numbers and CD39 expression were not different from control values. MuSK MG patients had increased frequencies of Th1 and Th17 cytokines and were primed for polyfunctional proinflammatory responses that cannot be explained by a defect in CD39 expression or Treg number.
Resumo:
Immunological tolerance, that is, the failure to mount an immune response to an otherwise immunogenic molecule, is one of the fundamental questions in immunology. The fact that lymphocytes express antigen receptors that are generated randomly and have the potential to recognize any conceivable antigen, adds another puzzle to the physiology of immunological tolerance. The other side of the coin, the general absence of immune responses to self antigens, is ensured by a tight regulation and several selection steps during T and B cell differentiation. One of these processes is the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg). While developing in the thymus, T cell clones bearing receptors with high affinity/avidity to antigens present at the time of differentiation may be eliminated by apoptosis or, alternatively, express Foxp3 and become Treg. Treg are key players in the regulation of immunological tolerance since humans and mice with complete loss of function variants of this gene develop fatal autoimmune conditions early in life.(...)
Resumo:
Lhpatite autoimmune (HAI) rsulte dune perte de tolrance du systme immunitaire envers des antignes de lhpatocyte. Elle peut se prsenter sous forme dhpatite aigu, parfois fulminante, ou comme une maladie chronique menant progressivement une cirrhose hpatique. En absence de traitement, cette maladie est fatale. La pathogense de lHAI et les mcanismes responsables de sa progression restent inconnus ce jour. Lobjectif global de ce projet est dexaminer les facteurs prdisposants et les mcanismes immunologiques responsables de lapparition et de la progression de lHAI. Pour permettre ltude de la pathogense de lHAI, nous avons dvelopp un modle murin exprimental dhpatite autoimmune de type 2. Celui-ci est bas sur la xnoimmunisation de souris C57BL/6 avec les deux antignes cibls dans lHAI de type 2 chez lhomme (CYP2D6 et FTCD). Par mimtisme molculaire, le systme immunitaire de ces souris ragit contre les protines murines homologues et une HAI sensuit. Ce modle exprimental prsente la plupart des caractristiques histologiques, biochimiques et srologiques dune HAI de type 2. Les souris dveloppent une inflammation autoimmune chronique avec prsence dhpatite dinterface et dinfiltrations intralobulaires, un infiltrat compos majoritairement de lymphocytes T CD4+ mais aussi de lymphocytes T CD8+ et B, dune lvation des ALT sriques, des niveaux dimmunoglobulines G circulantes augments ainsi que dautoanticorps anti-LKM1 et anti-LC1. Ltude de linfluence du bagage gntique a permis de dfinir limportance relative des gnes du CMH et des gnes non-CMH sur le dveloppement dune HAI. Les gnes du locus CMH sont essentiels mais insuffisants pour mener au dveloppement dune HAI et donc, la susceptibilit gntique lHAI est comme chez lhomme, multignique. Les patients atteints dHAI de type 2 sont gnralement des jeunes filles. Ltude des influences de lge et du sexe dans ce modle a permis de montrer que les souris femelles avant et au dbut de leur maturit sexuelle sont plus susceptibles au dveloppement dune HAI de type 2. De plus, les femelles ont un nombre rduit de lymphocytes T rgulateurs, ce qui leur confre une susceptibilit accrue compar aux mles. Lensemble de ces travaux nous a conduits proposer un mcanisme o le dveloppement dune HAI chez les femelles dun ge particulier rsulterait de lactivation de cellules T CD4+ autoractives ayant chapp aux mcanismes de tolrance centrale, via un mcanisme de mimtisme molculaire avec un antigne exogne. En prsence dune tolrance priphrique rduite due un faible nombre de cellules T rgulatrices, les cellules T autoractives prolifreraient et activeraient des cellules B autoractives entranant la scrtion dautoanticorps. Lactivation subsquente de cellules T CD8+ cytotoxiques spcifiques amnerait la lyse des hpatocytes et la relche dautoantignes permettant la perptuation de lautoimmunit.
Resumo:
Lhpatite autoimmune (HAI) est une maladie grave affectant le foie et prsentant un haut taux de mortalit lorsque non traite. Les traitements disponibles sont efficaces, mais de graves effets secondaires leur sont associs. Ces effets secondaires sont gnralement le rsultat d'une forte immunosuppression et dautres sont spcifiques chaque mdicament. Aucune immunothrapie spcifique nest prsentement disponible pour le traitement de lHAI. Rcemment, un modle murin dHAI a t dvelopp dans notre laboratoire par xnoimmunisation des souris C57BL/6 avec les antignes humains de l'HAI de type 2. Ce modle prsente la plupart des caractristiques biochimiques et cliniques retrouves chez les patients atteints d'HAI de type 2. Dans cette tude, nous avons value lefficacit de deux types de traitement pour lHAI de type 2 laide de notre modle murin. Dans un premier temps, lanticorps anti-CD3 a t tudi en prophylaxie et en traitement. Nous avons montr quune posologie de 5g danti-CD3 i.v. par jour pendant 5 jours conscutifs induit une rmission chez les souris avec HAI de type 2 tablie (traitement). Cette rmission est caractrise par une normalisation des niveaux dalanine aminotransfrase et une diminution significative de linflammation hpatique. Cette rmission semble tre associe une dpltion partielle et transitoire des lymphocytes T CD3+ dans la priphrie et une augmentation des lymphocytes T rgulateurs CD4+, CD25+ et Foxp3+ dans le foie. La mme posologie lorsquelle est applique en prophylaxie na pas russi prvenir lapparition de lHAI de type 2. La deuxime voie de traitement consiste en ladministration par voie intranasale dun forte dose de formiminotransfrase cyclodsaminase murin (mFTCD), un autoantigne reconnu dans lHAI de type 2. Une administration en prophylaxie par voie intranasale de 100g de mFTCD par jour durant 3 jours conscutifs arrive prvenir lHAI de type 2 en diminuant linflammation hpatique au bout de deux semaines post-traitement.
Resumo:
Commensal bacteria, including some species of lactobacilli commonly present in human breast milk, appear to colonize the neonatal gut and contribute to protection against infant infections, suggesting that lactobacilli could potentially modulate immunity. In this study, we evaluated the potential of two Lactobacillus strains isolated from human milk to modulate the activation and cytokine profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subsets in vitro. Moreover, these effects were compared to the same probiotic species of non-milk origin. Lactobacillus salivarius CECT5713 and Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 at 105, 106 and 107 bacteria/mL were co-cultured with PBMC (106/mL) from 8 healthy donors for 24 h. Activation status (CD69 and CD25 expressions) of natural killer (NK) cells (CD56+), total T cells (CD3+), cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) and CD4+ T cells was determined by flow cytometry. Regulatory T cells (Treg) were also quantified by intracellular Foxp3 evaluation. Regarding innate immunity, NK cells were activated by addition of both Lactobacillus strains, and in particular, the CD8+ NK subset was preferentially induced to highly express CD69 (90%, p<0.05). With respect to acquired immunity, approximately 9% of CD8+ T cells became activated after co-cultivation with L. fermentum or L salivarius. Although CD4+ T cells demonstrated a weaker response, there was a preferential activation of Treg cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) after exposure to both milk probiotic bacteria (p<0.05). Both strains significantly induced the production of a number of cytokines and chemokines, including TNF, IL-1, IL-8, MIP-1, MIP-1, and GM-CSF, but some strain-specific effects were apparent. This work demonstrates that L salivarius CECT5713 and L. fermentum CECT5716 enhanced both natural and acquired immune responses, as evidenced by the activation of NK and T cell subsets and the expansion of Treg cells, as well as the induction of a broad array of cytokines.
Resumo:
Background: In mammals, early-life environmental variations appear to affect microbial colonization and therefore competent immune development, and exposure to farm environments in infants has been inversely correlated with allergy development. Modelling these effects using manipulation of neonatal rodents is difficult due to their dependency on the mother, but the relatively independent piglet is increasingly identified as a valuable translational model for humans. This study was designed to correlate immune regulation in piglets with early-life environment. Methods: Piglets were nursed by their mother on a commercial farm, while isolatorreared siblings were formula fed. Fluorescence immunohistology was used to quantify T-reg and effector T-cell populations in the intestinal lamina propria and the systemic response to food proteins was quantified by capture ELISA. Results: There was more CD4+ and CD4+CD25+ effector T-cell staining in the intestinal mucosa of the isolator-reared piglets compared with their farm-reared counterparts. In contrast, these isolator-reared piglets had a significantly reduced CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cell population compared to farm-reared littermates, resulting in a significantly higher T-reg-to-effector ratio in the farm animals. Consistent with these findings, isolator-reared piglets had an increased serum IgG anti-soya response to novel dietary soya protein relative to farm-reared piglets. Conclusion: Here, we provide the first direct evidence, derived from intervention, that components of the early-life environment present on farms profoundly affects both local development of regulatory components of the mucosal immune system and immune responses to food proteins at weaning. We propose that neonatal piglets provide a tractable model which allows maternal and treatment effects to be statistically separated.
Resumo:
The Forkhead box transcription factor FoxP3 is pivotal to the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which make a major contribution to peripheral tolerance. FoxP3 is believed to perform a regulatory role in all the vertebrate species in which it has been detected. The prevailing view is that FoxP3 is absent in birds and that avian Tregs rely on alternative developmental and suppressive pathways. Prompted by the automated annotation of foxp3 in the ground tit (Parus humilis) genome, we have questioned this assumption. Our analysis of all available avian genomes has revealed that the foxp3 locus is missing, incomplete or of poor quality in the relevant genomic assemblies for nearly all avian species. Nevertheless, in two species, the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the saker falcon (F. cherrug), there is compelling evidence for the existence of exons showing synteny with foxp3 in the ground tit. A broader phylogenomic analysis has shown that FoxP3 sequences from these three species are similar to crocodilian sequences, the closest living relatives of birds. In both birds and crocodilians, we have also identified a highly proline-enriched region at the N terminus of FoxP3, a region previously identified only in mammals.
Resumo:
PURPOSE. FTY720 (fingolimod) is an immunomodulatory drug capable of preventing T-cell migration to inflammatory sites by binding to and subsequently downregulating the expression of sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 1 (S1P(1)) leading in turn to T-cell retention in lymphoid organs. Additional effects of FTY720 by increasing functional activity of regulatory T cells have recently been demonstrated, raising the conversion of conventional T cells into regulatory T cells and affecting the sequestration of regulatory T cells in normal mice. In this study, the action of FTY720 in the ocular autoimmune model in mice was investigated. METHODS. Mice were immunized with 161-180 peptide and pertussis toxin and were treated with 1 mg/kg/d FTY720 by gavage (7-21 days postimmunization [dpi]) or left untreated. Spleen cells, harvested 21 dpi, were cultured and assayed for cytokine production. Draining lymph node, spleen, and eye cells 21 dpi were assayed for quantification of T-cell populations. Disease severity was evaluated by histologic examination of the enucleated eyes at 21 and 49 dpi. In addition, anti-IRBP antibodies were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS. FTY720 was effective in suppressing the experimental autoimmune uveitis score. Although there was a reduction in the number of eye-infiltrating cells, FTY did not prevent Treg accumulation at this site. FTY720 leads to a significant increase of CD4(+)IFN-gamma(+) and CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cell percentages in lymph nodes, suggesting that this site could be the source of Treg cells found in the eye. CONCLUSIONS. The data showed that treatment in vivo with FTY720 was able to suppress EAU in mice. These results are indicative of the possible therapeutic use of FTY720 in ocular autoimmune processes. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:2568-2574) DOI:10.1167/iovs.09-4769
Resumo:
To study the role of TLR2 in a experimental model of chronic pulmonary infection, TLR2-deficient and wild-type mice were intratracheally infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a primary fungal pathogen. Compared with control, TLR2(-/-) mice developed a less severe pulmonary infection and decreased NO synthesis. Equivalent results were detected with in vitro-infected macrophages. Unexpectedly, despite the differences in fungal loads both mouse strains showed equivalent survival times and severe pulmonary inflammatory reactions. Studies on lung-infiltrating leukocytes of TLR2(-/-) mice demonstrated an increased presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils that control fungal loads but were associated with diminished numbers of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes. TLR2 deficiency leads to minor differences in the levels of pulmonary type 1 and type 2 cytokines, but results in increased production of KC, a CXC chemokine involved in neutrophils chemotaxis, as well as TGF-beta, IL-6, IL-23, and IL-17 skewing T cell immunity to a Th17 pattern. In addition, the preferential Th17 immunity of TLR2(-/-) mice was associated with impaired expansion of regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cells. This is the first study to show that TLR2 activation controls innate and adaptive immunity to P. brasiliensis infection. TLR2 deficiency results in increased Th17 immunity associated with diminished expansion of regulatory T cells and increased lung pathology due to unrestrained inflammatory reactions. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 183: 1279-1290.
Resumo:
immunodeficiency (CVID), the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency in adulthood. Different authors report high prevalences of autoimmune diseases in CVID, and several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this apparent paradox. Genetic predisposition, under current surveillance, innate and adaptive immunity deficiencies leading to persistent/recurrent infections, variable degrees of immune dysregulation, and possible failure in central and peripheral mechanisms of tolerance induction or maintenance may all contribute to increased autoimmunity. Conclusions Data on the clinical/immunological profile of affected patients and treatment are available mostly concerning autoimmune cytopenias, the most common autoimmune diseases in CVID. Treatment is based on conventional alternatives, in association with short experience with new agents, including rituximab and infliximab. Benefits of early immunoglobulin substitutive treatment and hypothetical premature predictors of autoimmunity are discussed as potential improvements to CVID patients` follow-up.
Resumo:
Objective: We investigated the influence of acute inflammation in skin isograft acceptance. Methods: Two mouse lines selected for maximal (AIR(MAX)) or minimal inflammatory response (AIR(MIN)) were transplanted with syngeneic skin. Cellular infiltrates and cytokine production were measured 1, 3, 7 or 14 days post-transplantation. The percentage of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) cells in the lymph nodes was also evaluated. Results: Grafts were totally accepted in 100% of AIR(MAX) and in 26% of AIR(MIN) mice. In the latter, partial acceptance was observed in 74% of the animals. Emigrated cells were basically PMN and were enhanced in AIR(MAX) transplants. IL-10 production by graft infiltrating cells showed no interline differences. IFN-gamma was increased in AIR(MIN) grafts at day 14 and lower percentages of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells in the lymph nodes were observed in these mice. Conclusions: Our data suggest that differences in graft acceptance might be due to a lack of appropriate regulation of the inflammatory response in AIR(MIN) mice compromising the self/non-self recognition.
