Risks, resources and reason: understanding smallholder decisions around farming system interventions in Eastern Indonesia

Adoption of new cattle management practices by Indonesian smallholders occurs less as a ���technology transfer��� in the classical sense but rather as a series of conscious decisions by farming households weighing risks and resources as well as matching innovations to livelihood strategies. This paper uncovers the context of decisions and communication of innovations by way of social networks. The research looks at two geographically distinct cases where new cattle management practices have been introduced. We apply the lens of a common sense framework initially introduced by Clifford Geertz. Smallholder decisions are analysed within a socio-cultural context and a particular set of resources, risks and livelihood objectives. We show that the respective value placed on land, cattle and food security is central to adoption of new cattle management techniques. Far from accepting everything novel, smallholders are selective and willing to make changes to their farming system if they do not conflict with livelihood strategies. Innovations are communicated through a range of existing social networks and are either matched to existing livelihood strategies or perceived as stepping-stones out of agriculture.

Aportes de la Pontificia Academia para la Vida (PAV) al desarrollo de la bio��tica

Resumen: El autor, Oficial de Estudio de la Pontificia Academia para la Vida (PAV), detalla en el presente art��culo, los aportes realizados por la Academia al desarrollo de esta nueva disciplina que es la Bio��tica. Su objetivo ha sido siempre salvaguardar la naturaleza y la dignidad del ser humano ante la amenaza de un mal entendido ���progreso cient��fico y cultural��� que muchas veces atenta contra ��stas. La Pontificia Academia para la Vida se nutre del Magisterio de la Iglesia y apuesta constantemente al di��logo fecundo entre fe y raz��n.

Sapientia, 1974, Vol. XXIX, n�� 112 (n��mero completo)

Contenido: Le pr��ncipe d���idetit�� chez Saint Thomas / R. Verneaux ��� Unidad de ser y analog��a en Santo Tom��s de Aquino / Ces��reo L��pez Salgado ��� St. Thomas��� solution of the problema of faith and reason / A. G. M. Van Melsen ��� Necesidad de la directa confrontaci��n de textos / Carlos A. Iturralde Colombres ��� Notas y comentarios -- Bibliograf��a

Rain dances in the dry season: overcoming the religious congruence fallacy

Religious congruence refers to consistency among an individual���s religious beliefs and attitudes, consistency between religious ideas and behavior, and religious ideas, identities, or schemas that are chronically salient and accessible to individuals across contexts and situations. Decades of anthropological, sociological, and psychological research establish that religious congruence is rare, but much thinking about religion presumes that it is common. The religious congruence fallacy occurs when interpretations or explanations unjustifiably presume religious congruence. I illustrate the ubiquity of religious incongruence, show how the religious congruence fallacy distorts thinking about religion, and outline an approach to help overcome the fallacy.

Dialectique et s��cularisation chez Charles Taylor

L���objectif central du pr��sent m��moire consiste �� interroger les implications g��n��rales de l���interpr��tation taylorienne de la s��cularisation, telle que d��ploy��e dans ���A Secular Age��� (2007), pour la philosophie de la religion. Nous soutenons que l���approche herm��neutique de notre auteur, reposant sur son anthropologie philosophique, a pour effet d���arrimer de fa��on indissociable et originale le probl��me de la s��cularisation avec le questionnement philosophique sur la religion. �� cet effet, nous pr��sentons la critique du naturalisme d��ploy��e par Taylor ainsi que les grandes lignes de sa ���dialectique��� afin de clarifier l���orientation g��n��rale de sa d��marche. Nous passons ensuite �� une analyse de son interpr��tation de la s��cularisation ainsi que des implications de cette derni��re pour les questions constitutives de la philosophie de la religion, touchant notamment la nature de la religion, le statut ��pist��mologique des croyances religieuses, les rapports entre foi et raison ainsi que la relation entre la religion et la science moderne. Nous terminons sur un ton plus critique en interrogeant le ���r��alisme m��ta��thique��� de notre auteur et en soutenant que sa position pourrait constituer la base d���un ���r��cit soustractif��� plus robuste et p��n��trant.

Influencia de las creencias religiosas cristianas en la decisi��n de realizar suicidio asistido al final de la vida

El suicidio asistido como una posible opci��n al final de la vida, es una idea que hasta ahora est�� siendo considerada, ya que existen argumentaciones a favor y en contra que han generado controvertidos debates a su alrededor. Algunos de los argumentos en contra est��n basados en los principios de las instituciones religiosas de orden cristiano, las cuales defienden el valor sagrado de la vida de las personas y la aceptaci��n del sufrimiento como un acto de amor profundo y sumisi��n a los mandatos de Dios, el creador. Mientras del lado contrario, se encuentran quienes defienden el procedimiento, impulsando la autonom��a y la autodeterminaci��n que cada persona tiene sobre su vida. La revisi��n de la literatura realizada no s��lo permite ampliar los argumentos de estas dos posiciones, sino que tambi��n permite conocer la historia del suicidio asistido, la posici��n que este procedimiento tiene en diferentes pa��ses del mundo, incluyendo a Colombia, y finalmente se presentan las contribuciones de la psicolog��a entorno al procedimiento en discusi��n.

C��rdoban Discourses: A Drama of Interreligious Dialogue

SETTING: Cordoba, Spain, 1135 CE, 29th year of the reign of ���Ali ���amir al-muslimin,��� second king of the Berber Almoravid dynasty, rulers of Moorish Spain from 1071 to 1147. Cordoba, the capital of Andalus and the center of the Almoravid holdings in Spain, is a bustling cosmopolitan center, a crossroads for Europe and the Middle East, and the meeting-point of three religious traditions. Most significantly, Cordoba at this time is the hub of European intellectual activity. From the square���itself impressively large and surrounded by a massive collonade, the regularity and ordered beauty of which typifies the Moorish taste for symmetry (so beloved of M.C. Escher)���can be seen the huge Cordoban mosque, erected in the 8th-century by Khalif Abd-er-Rahman I to the glory of Allah, oft forgiving, most merciful. It is the second largest building in Islam, and the bastion of the still entrenched but soon to fade Muslim presence in western Europe. SCENE: Three figures sit upon stone benches beneath the westernmost colonnade of the Cordoban mosque, involved in an animated, though friendly discussion on matters of faith and reason, knowledge and God, language and logic. The host is none other than Jehudah Halevi, and his esteemed guests Master Peter Abelard and the venerable R��m��nuja, whose obviously advanced age belies his youthful voice, gleaming eye, quick hands, and general exuberance. It is autumn, early evening���

Delle forze dell'intendimento umano osia Il Pirronismo confutato /

Mode of access: Internet.

Philosophie und Christenthum, oder, Wissen und Glauben /

Includes bibliographical references.

Die Apologetik des Christenthums als Wissenschaft /

Includes bibliographical references.

Oswald, der Greis, oder, Mein Letzter Glaube : als Nachlas zugleich f��r meine Freunde /

Mode of access: Internet.

Recherches philosophiques sur l'emploi de la raison en mati��re de foi /

Includes bibliographical references.

The miscellaneous works of Thomas Arnold...

The church-Principles of church reform-The Oxford malignants, and Dr. Hampden.-The Bible. I Genesis.-The Bible. II. The sin not to be forgiven.-Christian duty of conceding the Roman Catholic claims.-The Church of England.-Tracts for the times.-Addenda. I. Faith and reason. II. The sixth chapter of the Gospel by John. III. Tradition.-The divisions and mutual relations of knowledge.-The social progress of states.-Preface to the third volume of Arnoic's thucydides.-Rugby school-Use of the classics.-The discipline of public schools.-Poetry of common life.-Education of the middle classes.-Early Roman history.-The social condition of operative classes.-Christian politics.-National church establishments.

Inmanencia mistica en la obra de Federico Garcia Lorca

The purpose of this dissertation was to analyze the works of Federico Garc��a Lorca within the mystic context that dominates their very genesis. The problematic definition of mysticism was explored lest it be confused with traditional mysticism, which implies union with the divine. The historiography of literature speaks of the Mystic Genre, yet it does not address the mystic mode of artistic creation due to its inability to adhere to rational measure. This mode of conception was explored through Lorca's poetic discourse: ���Lorquian mysticism��� is the result of the poet's cultivation of an innate spiritual potential enhanced by external influences and technical mastery. ^ There is visible influence of Fray Luis of Le��n in Lorca's early Libro de poemas and El maleficio de la mariposa, as well as of Saint John of the Cross in the later Div��n del Tamarit, Sonetos de amor and Yerma. However, definitive echoes of poets from the Sufi and other Eastern mystic traditions were also illustrated in these late works. A persistent longing to elide the physical condition, the greatest obstacle of the transcendental quest, is the essence of Lorca's poetic voice. ^ The object of this analysis was Lorca's language, which reaches levels removed from conventional thought. His dazzling metaphors and his particular use of symbols and of paradox compare equitably with those of great mystic poets. Like them, Lorca was faced with the same limitations of language to describe an ineffable experience; he embraced what Octavio Paz describes as ���sacred language���: there is a linguistic frugality as well as an ambiguity in Lorca's poetic art that result from his realization of supercognitive states. Yet such an interpretation is rejected by the rationalist approach, invoking the age-old debate between faith and reason and signaling the application of psychoanalytical theory. This limited approach was disputed on the basis of reader-response theory. Lorca was truly an eclectic and a modification of the conventional reader's preestablished horizon of expectations is essential in order to seal the gaps in his late works. This innovative perspective placed Lorca within the framework of a new mysticism in the modern world. ^

Impossibilit�� di pensare Dio non esistente : il Proslogion di Anselmo d'Aosta come applicazione implicita dei moderni procedimenti di logica aletica

Resumen: La vera intenzione teologica di Anselmo d���Aosta nello scrivere il Proslogion e il vero significato del suo celebre unum argumentum vanno visti nella funzione che la ragione svolge necessariamente all���interno della vita di fede del cristiano. Anselmo, come Tommaso d���Aquino, non sostiene che l���esistenza di Dio sia un ���articulus fidei��� ma piuttosto uno dei ���praeambula fidei���. La ragione naturale ha la certezza che Dio esiste, ancora prima della dimostrazione metafisica, e questo non fa che confermare l���assurdit�� di pensare che non esista il fondamento reale di tutte le cose esistenti.