931 resultados para Eucalyptus plants
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Further to increase the wood yield, is important goal of forest tree breeding the adaptation of clones through diverse environment, especially for soil and climate. Perennial tree species such as eucalypts, have a long life cycle and the frosts can occur and to be their limiting source of cultivation. The aim of the study was to determine the genetic variability and the genetic correlations between selection ages of clones cultivated in the municipality of Palma So la, SC, Brazil, where frosts are common in the winter. A clonal trial was set up in 2008 in Palma So la, by statistical design of randomized complete blocks considering 29 clones, six replications, six plants per plot, and 3.0m x 3.0 m spacing. The silvicultural characters of total plant height, diameter of breast height (dbh), and wood volume were evaluated through 24, 36, 48, and 60 months old. The deviance analysis and estimates of genetic parameters were based on the REML / BLUP genetic statistical procedure. Significant differences were observed for all traits in the deviance analysis. High correlations and statistically significant between characters were observed, indicating that the early selection will provide significant gains. Part of the clones USP/IPEF 64, USP/IPEF 78, USP/IPEF 52, USP/IPEF 68, and USP/IPEF 74) are potential to be used into the breeding programs and in commercial stands into the studied frost regions.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Prediction of genetic gains within breeding programs is not always compatible with those observed in practice. One reason for this inconsistency is the lack of knowledge of genotype-environment interaction (GxE). The aim of this study was to estimate genetic variation, evaluate the GxE, investigate the genetic correlation between pairs of environments and for the set, and to study the productivity, stability and adaptability at 2 years of age for diameter at breast height (DBH) in five progenies trials of Eucalyptus urophylla, used in a randomized complete block design, with the number of progenies ranging from 138 to 167, four to eight blocks and five to six plants per plot. Estimates of variance components and genetic parameters were obtained using the REML/BLUP method. For analysis of productivity, stability and adaptability, the HMRPGV method was used. The highest DBH growth was observed in Anhembi (10.52 cm) and Uberaba (10.20 cm). Estimates considered high were obtained for the coefficient of individual additive genetic variation (>13.3%) and average heritability among progenies (>0.40), indicating the possibility of obtaining genetic gains by selection among progenies. The coefficient of determination of the GxE was 1.7%, a fact that led to a high value of genotypic correlation between the performance of the progenies and environments (78.1%), indicating that the interaction is simple. The first six progenies showed a coincidence of 100% in the order of stability (HMGV), adaptability (RPGV) and productivity (HMRPGV), being 13% higher than the overall mean of five experiments (9.21 cm). When ordering the progenies, the selection of the 20 best in growth led to an increase in gain ranging of from 10.4 to 70%. Anhembi is the ideal place to have a breeding population which will be good in the other places as well.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV
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Genus Atta includes some of the most important Formicidae leaf cutter ants which cause extensive damage to the eucalyptus plantations. Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, one of the chief pests in Brazilian reforestation, can restrict and reduce forest productivity by its intense and constant leaf-cutting activities on plants at all stages. Therefore, the demand for new products to control A. sexdens rubropilosa indicates the study of the utilization of the dry powder formulation of diatomaceous earth (DE) against this pest in the eucalyptus cultivars. The study was conducted using 120 colonies of A. sexdens rubropilosa in Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden x Eucalyptus urophylla Blake (Myrtaceae) (urograndis) stand. The randomized block experimental design was used with six treatments (1, 10, 25, and 50 g/m2 of DE, 6.0 g/m2 sulfluramid bait per square meter of loose soil, and the control) with five replications, each with four colonies of this ant. Diatomaceous earth was applied to the active A. sexdens rubropilosa ant holes, and the sulfluramid bait was applied in bulk in a localized manner. The control efficacy of A. sexdens rubropilosa with DE was low, showing values similar to that of the control, and, for this reason, it cannot be used to control this ant. The bait with sulfluramid showed higher efficacy than those of the other treatments.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)