��tica e orienta����o lacaniana��

Artigo que conjuga a reflex��o sobre a ��tica da Psican��lise efetuada no Semin��rio da Antena do Campo Freudiano ��� Centro de Estudos de Psican��lise, em 2011-2012, com a apresenta����o feita em Bienos-Aires, por Jacques-Alain Miller, do tema - ��A Desordem do real�� - para o IX Congresso da Associa����o Mundial de Psican��lise.

O sintoma na psican��lise e na psicopedagogia: do que se trata?

This paper aims to discuss the concept of symptom in psychopedagogy and psychoanalysis, drawing the consequences for the direction of treatment for each of these fields. Learning Problems has been the name given by various fields of knowledge to what does not happen as expected in the learning process. To address these problems several professionals are called upon. Faced with this demand a new field of knowledge is created: the psycho-pedagogy. In Brazil, it is established as a field of work and research from the contributions of Alicia Fern��ndez. This author, supported by the work of French philosopher and educator Sara Pa��n, takes the concept of Freudian-Lacanian symptom as a fundamental concept to read the so-called "learning problems". Given this one must question whether the concept of symptom Fernandez is really the same as psychoanalysis. Are they the same? If yes, how to sustain as different fields? If not, what are consequences for the direction of treatment for each of these fields? For this study, the theoretical works of Alicia Fern��ndez and Sara Pain were read aiming to clarify the concept of symptom in psychopedagogy. To discuss the psychoanalytic concept of symptom we turned to the texts of Freud, Lacan and commentators in which this issue is discussed. The results show that Pain and Fernandez seek psychoanalysis as a theory to be coupled with others to solve the learning problems. The concept of symptom as a return of the repressed and as an indicator of a sense to be found in the history of the subject is similar to the psychoanalytical one, however, in psychopedagogy other fields of knowledge and techniques are used as reference and these are sometimes incompatible with the concept of symptom presented. The use of psychological tests for the diagnosis, the idea of transference without the notion of subject supposed to know and the proposed treatment are indications of a different treatment approach from what the ethics of psychoanalysis proposes

Uma an��lise dos efeitos do uso a longo prazo de antidepressivos

P��s-gradua����o em Psicologia - FCLAS

A relativa legitimidade da depress��o na atualidade: contribui����es para uma ��tica psicanal��tica do sujeito

This article is based on the author's clinical practice in the area of public health, and discusses depression as it is known today. Essentially, the author questions the practice of labeling depression as a psychopathological condition. The author also questions today���s trend of seeing a subject���s suffering as a "malaise," or a ���disorder.��� The possibility is brought up of understanding it as a "demand for analysis." Finally, the article is meant as a contribution to the ethics of psychoanalysis focused on the subject and the possibilities of psychoanalysis in subjectivating this "malaise."

Rela����es entre ��tica e psican��lise

We present, in this essay, considerations about the ethics of Psychoanalysis. We seek to reflect on the possibility of Psychoanalysis serving as a founding element of an ethics. For that, firstly, we will present a few conceptions of ethics and moral and, afterwards; we will make considerations in order to answer the following question: is a psychoanalytic ethics possible?

Examining discourses on the ethics and public understanding of cognitive enhancement with methylphenidate

L�����mergence de l���utilisation du m��thylph��nidate (MPH; Ritalin) par des ��tudiants universitaires afin d���am��liorer leur concentration et leurs performances universitaires suscite l���int��r��t du public et soul��ve d���importants d��bats ��thiques aupr��s des sp��cialistes. Les diff��rentes perspectives sur l���am��lioration des performances cognitives repr��sentent une dimension importante des d��fis sociaux et ��thiques autour d���un tel ph��nom��ne et m��ritent d�����tre ��lucid��es. Ce m��moire vise �� examiner les discours pr��sents dans les reportages internationaux de presse populaire, les discours en bio��thique et en en sant�� publique sur le th��me de l���utilisation non m��dicale du m��thylph��nidate. Cette recherche a permis d���identifier et d���analyser des �� lacunes �� dans les perspectives ��thiques, sociales et scientifiques de l���utilisation non m��dicale du m��thylph��nidate pour accro��tre la performance cognitive d���individus en sant��. Une analyse syst��matique du contenu des discours sur l���utilisation non m��dicale du m��thylph��nidate pour accro��tre la performance cognitive a identifi�� des paradigmes divergents employ��s pour d��crire l���utilisation non m��dicale du m��thylph��nidate et discuter ses cons��quences ��thiques. Les paradigmes �� choix de mode de vie ��, �� abus de m��dicament �� et �� am��lioration de la cognition �� sont pr��sents dans les discours de la presse populaire, de la bio��thique et de la sant�� publique respectivement. Parmi les principales diff��rences entre ces paradigmes, on retrouve : la description de l���utilisation non m��dicale d���agents neuropharmacologiques pour l���am��lioration des performances, les risques et b��n��fices qui y sont associ��s, la discussion d���enjeux ��thiques et sociaux et des strat��gies de pr��vention et les d��fis associ��s �� l���augmentation de la pr��valence de ce ph��nom��ne. La divergence de ces paradigmes refl��te le pluralisme des perceptions de l���utilisation non m��dicale d���agents neuropharmacologiques Nos r��sultats sugg��rent la n��cessit�� de d��bats autour de l���am��lioration neuropharmacologique afin de poursuivre l���identification des enjeux et de d��velopper des approches de sant�� publique coh��rentes.

A Reading of the conception of man in Hans Jonas��� works: Between Nature and Responsibility. An Environmental Ethics Approach

Hans Jonas is considered one of the principal leaders of the ecological doctrine that fights against the hegemony of technical power upon society. We will study the conception of man in Jonas��� ideology through the lens of nature and of responsibility. He brandishes the specter of disaster (���heuristics of fear���) as a guard against technological excesses. He appeals to a prospective, universal and categorical responsibility to protect nature and to save future generations. Jonas considers responsibility as a method of anticipating the threat to that which is vulnerable, ephemeral, and perishable. Thus, the responsibility that Jonas decrees implies an ethics of conservation. Jonas��� writings aim to procure a new dimension of acting, which necessitates an ethics of foresight and responsibility.

Psychology and psychoanalysis in Brazil - From cultural syncretism to the collapse of liberal individualism

This paper focuses first on cultural syncretism, used to characterize Brazilian culture. The other aspect of this socially and racially blended culture is the unfinished assimilation of liberalism in politics and the economy, which defines Brazilian society. The increased assimilation and dissemination of psychology may be linked with these in cultural and social aspects. During the military period (1964-1974) the major expansion in university-level studies in psychology contributed ideologically to the dissemination of psychology throughout Brazilian society. This introduced a type of psychology that was related primarily to clinical practice and developed in opposition to social work practice. This paper examines the ideological bases for this conflict between clinical and social work. Criteria for understanding the cultural dissemination of psychoanalysis are then discussed, and it is argued that cultural incorporation of psychoanalysis involves the development of discourse complexes to reflect particular aspects of Brazilian society. The criteria (a non-totalitarian society and the displacement of a magical and religious interpretation of mental disturbance by psychiatric interpretation) are evaluated in relation to the peculiarities of Brazilian syncretism. The paper argues that cultural syncretism and the incomplete assimilation of liberal ideology must be included as criteria in understanding the particular cultural incorporation of psychoanalysis in Brazil.

The Art of Aidagara: Ethics, Aesthetics, and the Quest for an Ontology of Social Existence in Watsuji Tetsur�����s Rinrigaku

This paper provides an analysis of the key term aidagara (���betweenness���) in the philosophical ethics of Watsuji Tetsur�� (1889-1960), in response to and in light of the recent movement in Japanese Buddhist studies known as ���Critical Buddhism.��� The Critical Buddhist call for a turn away from ���topical��� or intuitionist thinking and towards (properly Buddhist) ���critical��� thinking, while problematic in its bipolarity, raises the important issue of the place of ���reason��� versus ���intuition��� in Japanese Buddhist ethics. In this paper, a comparison of Watsuji���s ���ontological quest��� with that of Martin Heidegger (1889-1976), Watsuji���s primary Western source and foil, is followed by an evaluation of a corresponding search for an ���ontology of social existence��� undertaken by Tanabe Hajime (1885-1962). Ultimately, the philosophico-religious writings of Watsuji Tetsur�� allow for the ���return��� of aesthesis as a modality of social being that is truly dimensionalized, and thus falls prey neither to the verticality of topicalism nor the limiting objectivity of criticalism.

Ethics in science: enhancing the democratisation of knowledge production in transdisciplinary research partnerships for sustainable development

Better access to knowledge and knowledge production has to be reconsidered as key to successful individual and social mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change. Indeed, concepts of sustainable development imply a transformation of science towards fostering democratisation of knowledge production and the development of knowledge societies as a strategic goal. This means to open the process of scientific knowledge production while simultaneously empowering people to implement their own visions for sustainable development. Advocates of sustainability science support this transformation. In transdisciplinary practice, they advance equity and accountability in the access to and production of knowledge at the science���society interface. UNESCO points to advancements, yet Northern dominance persists in knowledge production as well as in technology design and transfer. Further, transdisciplinary practice remains experimental and hampered by inadequate and asymmetrically equipped institutions in the North and South and related epistemological and operational obscurity. To help identify clear, practicable transdisciplinary approaches, I recommend examining the institutional route ��� i.e., the learning and adaptation process ��� followed in concrete cases. The transdisciplinary Eastern and Southern Africa Partnership Programme (1998���2013) is a case ripe for such examination. Understanding transdisciplinarity as an integrative approach, I highlight ESAPP���s three key principles for a more democratised knowledge production for sustainable development: (1) integration of scientific and ���non-scientific��� knowledge systems; (2) integration of social actors and institutions; and (3) integrative learning processes. The analysis reveals ESAPP���s achievements in contributing to more democratic knowledge production and South ownership in the realm of sustainable development.

Of Elephants and Toothaches : Ethics, Politics, and Religion in Krzysztof Kieslowski's 'Decalogue' /

This collection is the first to offer a genuinely interdisciplinary approach to Krzysztof Kie?lowski���s Decalogue, a ten-film cycle of modern tales that touch on the ethical dilemmas of the Ten Commandments. The cycle���s deft handling of moral ambiguity and inventive technique established Kie?lowski as a major international director. Kie?lowski once said, ���Both the deep believer and the habitual skeptic experience toothaches in exactly the same way.��� Of Elephants and Toothaches takes seriously the range of thought, from theological to skeptical, condensed in the cycle���s quite human tales. Bringing together scholars of film, philosophy, literature, and several religions, the volume ranges from individual responsibility, to religion in modernity, to familial bonds, to human desire and material greed. It explores Kie?lowski���s cycle as it relentlessly solicits an ethical response that stimulates both inner disquiet and interpersonal dialogue.

Ethics and intervention: The 'humanitarian exception' and the problem of abuse in the case of Iraq

This article investigates the ethics of intervention and explores the decision to invade Iraq. It begins by arguing that while positive international law provides an important framework for understanding and debating the legitimacy of war, it does not cover the full spectrum of moral reasoning on issues of war and peace. To that end, after briefly discussing the two primary legal justifications for war (implied UN authorization and pre-emptive self-defence), and finding them wanting, it asks whether there is a moral 'humanitarian exceptions to this rule grounded in the 'just war' tradition. The article argues that two aspects of the broad tradition could be used to make a humanitarian case for war: the 'holy war' tradition and classical just war thinking based on natural law. The former it finds problematic, while the latter it argues provides a moral space to justify the use of force to halt gross breaches of natural law. Although such an approach may provide a moral justification for war, it also opens the door to abuse. It was this very problem that legal positivism from Vattel onwards was designed to address. As a result, the article argues that natural law and legal positivist arguments should be understood as complementary sets of ideas whose sometimes competing claims must be balanced in relation to particular cases. Therefore, although natural law may open a space for justifying the invasion of Iraq on humanitarian terms, legal positivism strictly limits that right. Ignoring this latter fact, as happened in the Iraq case, opens the door to abuse.

Levinasian ethics and the representation of the other in international and cross-cultural management

In this paper, we seek to further the discussion, problematization and critique of west/east identity relations in ICM studies by considering the ethics of the relationship ��� an issue never far beneath the surface in discussions of Orientalism. In particular we seek to both examine and question the ethics of representation in relation to a critique of what has come to be known as international and cross-cultural management (ICM). To pursue such a discussion, we draw specifically on the ethical elaborations of Emmanuel Levinas as well as his chief interlocutors Jacques Derrida and Zygmunt Bauman. The value of this discussion, we propose, is that Levinas offers a philosophy that holds as its central concept the relationship between the self and Other as the primary ethical and pre-ontological relation. Levinas��� philosophy provides a means of extending the post-colonial critique of ICM, and ICM provides a context in which the Levinasian ethics can be brought to bear on a significant issue on contemporary business and management.