Ser-tão de Buriti: o corpo de noturno rumor (a poética de Guimarães Rosa e o pensamento literário contemporâneo)

This thesis is to analyze the fictional texture of Buriti, novella by Guimarães Rosa, which makes part of Corpo do Baile. Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophical background as well as similar theorists such as Mircea Eliade, Derrida, Bataille, Foucault, Blanchot and Nie-tzsche constitute the main reference, as example of Guimarães Rosa‘s problematizing writing, since they present as basic element of thought the desterritorialization of con-cepts, standards and institutionalized knowledge by the dominant literary language. Along with the theoretical perspective of current alterity on these authors, Buriti is crossed by one aesthetics substantiated with a multiplicity of narrative points of view, opening gaps to other non-sacralized, nomadic voices, using polyphony as a way of breaking and destabilizing crystallized truths related to the canons of mother tongue. Interwoven by a poetic side of transgression, the narrative of Buriti finds especially marked by the signs of the backlands and of the night, which rhizomatically point to a sense of infinity, eternity, loneliness, vertigo before the abyssal, evoking the singularity of a ser-tão before the night, "the body of nocturnal rumor." The nights in the backlands in Buriti give rise to the emergence of a state of subjectivity, the ser-tão, whose nature is shown as a space of communion of the various beings that humans put on the same level of other living beings, setting up a sharing cosmic territory, enjoyment between pain and pleasure, between death and life. It is the night in the darkness, the shadows, the ser-tão is exposed, the being in his depth, facing himself with his internal rumors, which project themselves through the noise, the sound amplified by the vastness of the night at the desert backlands. "The backlands is the night." (ROSA, 1988, p.92).

Ser-tão de Buriti: o corpo de noturno rumor (a poética de Guimarães Rosa e o pensamento literário contemporâneo)

This thesis is to analyze the fictional texture of Buriti, novella by Guimarães Rosa, which makes part of Corpo do Baile. Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophical background as well as similar theorists such as Mircea Eliade, Derrida, Bataille, Foucault, Blanchot and Nie-tzsche constitute the main reference, as example of Guimarães Rosa‘s problematizing writing, since they present as basic element of thought the desterritorialization of con-cepts, standards and institutionalized knowledge by the dominant literary language. Along with the theoretical perspective of current alterity on these authors, Buriti is crossed by one aesthetics substantiated with a multiplicity of narrative points of view, opening gaps to other non-sacralized, nomadic voices, using polyphony as a way of breaking and destabilizing crystallized truths related to the canons of mother tongue. Interwoven by a poetic side of transgression, the narrative of Buriti finds especially marked by the signs of the backlands and of the night, which rhizomatically point to a sense of infinity, eternity, loneliness, vertigo before the abyssal, evoking the singularity of a ser-tão before the night, "the body of nocturnal rumor." The nights in the backlands in Buriti give rise to the emergence of a state of subjectivity, the ser-tão, whose nature is shown as a space of communion of the various beings that humans put on the same level of other living beings, setting up a sharing cosmic territory, enjoyment between pain and pleasure, between death and life. It is the night in the darkness, the shadows, the ser-tão is exposed, the being in his depth, facing himself with his internal rumors, which project themselves through the noise, the sound amplified by the vastness of the night at the desert backlands. "The backlands is the night." (ROSA, 1988, p.92).

Tras la carne otra carne se pudre: mujer, enfermedad, feminidad y arte contemporáneo

Vivimos en una sociedad en la que el concepto del “yo” requiere de la existencia del “otro”. Por lo tanto, “la mujer” es el “otro” del “hombre”. Ser mujer significa existir para los demás. Maternidad convertida en único proyecto vital; piedra angular del éxito del hogar. Una mujer es vista como un objeto de deseo; como un cuerpo útil que amamanta a sus hijos; una mujer que satisfaga las necesidades. Eternas dicotomías hombre/mujer que ponen de manifiesto el modelo de opresión y coacción: cultura/naturaleza, opresor/oprimidos. Otra dicotomía posible: mujer como madre, o mujer como ser sexual. La enfermedad es dolor, lágrimas, pérdida de fuerza, asfixia, depresión. Pero el dolor es necesario; el dolor nos recoloca en el mundo y nos confirma como cuerpo, nos da la certeza de nuestra propia existencia. Todo el mundo enferma. Algunos con mucha más frecuencia que otros. Otros parecen vivir en hospitales. Por otro lado, rechazamos a los enfermos, quitamos de delante de nuestros ojos a los que sufren. Les metemos en la cama. Estar enfermo es existir entre la vida y la muerte. Es un estado transicional. Una persona puede estar vivo o muerto, pero no entre medias. Los períodos de transformación son peligro, desorden, desequilibrio, amenaza. Todo el mundo tiene miedo de la enfermedad. Es como si con sólo pensar o decir la palabra, pudieras infectarte tú y todo el mundo que te rodea. Tenemos estrictas normas estéticas: debes estar siempre sano, siempre joven, siempre fuerte. Los medios de comunicación imponen modelos casi imposibles. Cualquier persona que contradiga estas exigencias estéticas, que viole los códigos de la belleza, se encuentra fuera de la existencia cotidiana. Debemos recuperar la herida; dejemos que la sangre fluya; escuchemos los gritos de dolor; olamos la carne podrida disimulada tras la estúpida intención humana de ocultar la evidencia inevitable. No podemos evitar nuestra condición biológica, la finitud. No somos mecanismos perfectos; somos seres humanos imperfectos. Podemos cambiar este sistema. Mostremos la llaga. Aniquilemos la vergüenza de sentirse imperfecto. No nos avergoncemos de tener cuerpos imperfectos. Nuestros cuerpos necesitan cicatrices, y las cicatrices necesitan a nuestros cuerpos...

O estado como empregador de última instância: uma proposta de pleno emprego, estabilidade e condições dignas de trabalho para o Brasil

GOMES, Z. B. ; LOURENÇO, André Luís Cabral de . Atuação do Estado como empregador de última Instância: uma proposta para eliminar o desemprego estrutural do Brasil. In: Encontro Nacional de Economia Política, 13. 2008, João Pessoa/PB. Anais... João Pessoa: ENEP, 2008.

O estado como empregador de última instância: uma proposta de pleno emprego, estabilidade e condições dignas de trabalho para o Brasil

GOMES, Z. B. ; LOURENÇO, André Luís Cabral de . Atuação do Estado como empregador de última Instância: uma proposta para eliminar o desemprego estrutural do Brasil. In: Encontro Nacional de Economia Política, 13. 2008, João Pessoa/PB. Anais... João Pessoa: ENEP, 2008.

Corrido mexicano contemporáneo de difusión discográfica comercial: pervivencias y desarrollos del paradigma poético original

La presente investigación tiene por objeto la caracterización literaria de la variedad contemporánea de difusión discográfica comercial del corrido mexicano, entendiéndose por contemporáneo el periodo que se extiende de 1970 hasta nuestros días, si bien los textos recopilados que sirven de base material al estudio son todos anteriores al año 2005. Dicha caracterización se lleva a cabo mediante contraste con el paradigma poético original del género, establecido durante el último tercio del siglo XIX fundamentalmente a partir de las variedades tradicional y vulgar del romance hispánico, género de origen folclórico y transmisión oral cuyos textos gozaron de una intensa recepción en México y dieron lugar a la configuración de un género autóctono denominado corrido. La confluencia de la gestación y desarrollo primero del género con los grandes acontecimientos históricos del cambio de siglo en México, sumada a la impronta social de sus contenidos, que remiten precisamente al contexto histórico, han propiciado que su dimensión literaria haya sido en cierta medida desconsiderada: buena parte de los estudios existentes sobre el corrido han privilegiado sus aspectos históricos y sociopolíticos, entre otros, desde los que se considera un documento antes que una forma de expresión poética, sorteando así complejas cuestiones de definición genérica, modos de producción y difusión, o características del texto como obra literaria. En el mismo campo literario, ese prestigio del corrido como vehículo privilegiado de expresión ideológica del pueblo mexicano ha supuesto que la atención se dirija, salvo algunas excepciones que constituyen contribuciones decisivas al conocimiento del género, a las manifestaciones representativas del tiempo de la Revolución mexicana y consolidación subsiguiente del nuevo Estado, periodo tenido por la edad de oro del género cuando, de hecho, se trata ya entonces de un corrido evolucionado respecto del modelo poético original, que es de tradición folclórica oral, mientras que el considerado clásico pertenece a la literatura de masas, de transmisión oral pero mixta, i. e., marcada por la cultura letrada...

El papel de la FIFA en la soberanía del Estado. Una aproximación a la relación entre actores y sujetos del derecho internacional en la copa del mundo de fútbol Sudáfrica 2010

Este estudio de caso se realiza con el ánimo de analizar las relaciones de la actividad de la FIFA con la soberanía del Estado, teniendo como objeto de estudio principal la Copa del Mundo Sudáfrica 2010. Asimismo, se busca analizar el papel y categorización de la FIFA, tanto en las relaciones internacionales, como en el derecho internacional. Para tal fin, a lo largo del trabajo se procederá a exponer los principales aspectos en las relaciones entre actores no tradicionales y los Estados soberanos, se identificará la conexión existente entre la FIFA y el Soft Law. Por último, se describirán las acciones concretas que realizó la FIFA que de alguna manera afectaron la soberanía sudafricana.

Cota racial e estado: abolição do racismo ou direitos de raça?

The objective of this article is to examine the current government proposal of racialization in the Brazilian population, in order to offer support to affirmative action programs that meet the specific needs of those who classify themselves as black. Firstly we focused on the revival of the notion of race among scholars, politicians, and anti-racism activists, as well as on the difficulty in determining who is black in Brazil. Next we examined the racial quota system in the United States and its proclaimed success. Finally, we assessed the extent to which the introduction of racial quota in employment and university enrollment should be imposed as the sole political option for those intending to eliminate racism in Brazilian society.

Governamentalidade democrática e ensino de Filosofia no Brasil contemporâneo

This article takes the concepts of biopower and governmentality as the starting point for an analysis of certain recent Brazilian government documents about the introduction of Philosophy as a subject in secondary school. In the 1980s, this argument centered on Philosophy's so-called criticism and its potential for preparing citizens for a democratic society, was used by the movements aimed to restore democracy in Brazil. This argument appears to have been assimilated by the Brazilian government, because it is stated in the Guidelines and Bases of Education Law, secondary school students should demonstrate knowledge of philosophy necessary for the exercise of citizenship. The argument also appears in documents such as the PCN and PCN+ (National Curricular Parameters) and OCEM (Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary School) in their chapters on Philosophy. These documents are examined here in the light of governmentality, making explicit how Philosophy is equipped to train young people according to what is understood as a modern democratic society.

O estado da arte da cromatografia associada à espectrometria de massas acoplada à espectrometria de massas na análise de compostos tóxicos em alimentos

Chromatography combined with several different detection systems is one of the more used and better performing analytical tools. Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection gives highly selective and sensitive analyses and permits obtaining structural information about the analites and about their molar masses. Due to these characteristics, this analytical technique is very efficient when used to detect substances at trace levels in complex matrices. In this paper we review instrumental and technical aspects of chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and the state of the art of the technique as it is applied to analysis of toxic substances in food.

Estado da arte de figuras de mérito em calibração multivariada

The validation of an analytical procedure must be certified through the determination of parameters known as figures of merit. For first order data, the acuracy, precision, robustness and bias is similar to the methods of univariate calibration. Linearity, sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, adjustment, selectivity and confidence intervals need different approaches, specific for multivariate data. Selectivity and signal to noise ratio are more critical and they only can be estimated by means of the calculation of the net analyte signal. In second order calibration, some differentes approaches are necessary due to data structure.

Cromatografia líquida capilar: estado da arte e aplicações

This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of using capillary liquid chromatography (CLC), which is considered the newest member in the analytical separation science arsenal. Although CLC has tremendous potential for being the next major innovation in separatory analysis, it has not yet obtained great popularity compared to conventional high performance (and ultra-high performance) liquid chromatography. Comparisons are made between these techniques and some of the reasons that CLC has not yet reached its potential will be advanced.

Composição florística da floresta semidecídua de altitude do Parque Municipal da Grota Funda (Atibaia - Estado de São Paulo)

A floristic survey was carried out in the Grota Funda Municipal Park, Atibaia Municipality, Sao Paulo State (45º45 - 46º 45'W and 23º10 - 23º15'S), a mountainous region from 900 to 1400 meters above sea level. The climate is characterized by two seasons a hot, moist period from October to March and a dry, cold period from April to August, with frequent frosts. The sandy soil is low in fertility and highly acid at the surface. The study was done from April 1987 to November 1988. A total of 415 species were collected and identified: 362 dicotyledons belonging to 84 families and 224 genera, and 53 monocotyledons beloging to 15 families and 43 genera. Species richness in Atibaia can be attributed to environmental diversity, edaphic variation, and slight disturbance of the vegetation. A comparison with other floristic surveys in mountain forests was made and a list of the most common species of this kind of forest is presented.

Fisionomia e organização da vegetação do carrasco no planalto da Ibiapaba, estado do Ceará

Is the carrasco on the Ibiapaba plateau a unique plant formation? To answer this question the vertical height (except of climbers) and the stem basal diameter (from 3cm on) of woody plants were measured, and soil extracts (0-50 and 50-100cm depth) were taken from 100 random plots (10x10m) at Jaburuna (3º54'34S and 40º59'24W, altitudes near 830m), municipality of Ubajara, Ceará State. Data on climate, soil, diameter height, density, basal area, and physiognomy were compared with those surveyed by other researchers from the carrasco, caatinga, and cerrado in Northeastern Brazil. The carrasco occurs under an annual rainfall of between 668 and 1,289mm and temperatures from 22 to 24ºC, on alic Quartz Sand soils, at altitudes between 700 and 900m: it has a larger density and a smaller basal area than the caatinga and the cerrado, small and similar diameters, and an average vertical height between 3,7 and 5,4m. It differs from the caatinga, cerrado (and cerradão) and secondary forest in many items of lhe ecotope, organization and physiognomy, thus being a unique plain formation, which can be characterized as a deciduous, high, closed, and unistratified shrubland intermingled by lianas, with an irregular canopy and sparse, emergent trees.

O gênero Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb. (Lauraceae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb. has 14 species in Paraná: Nectandra angustifolia (Schrader) Nees & Mart., N. cissiflora Nees, N. cuspidata Nees & Mart., N. grandiflora Nees & Mart., N. hihua (Ruiz & Pav.) Rohwer, N. lanceolata Nees & Mart., N. leucantha Nees & Mart., N. megapotamica (Sprengel) Mez, N. membranacea (Sw.) Griseb., N. nitidula Nees & Mart., N. oppositifolia Nees & Mart., N. paranaensis Coe-Teixeira, N. puberula (Schott) Nees and N. reticulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez. We present an identification key and species descriptions, as well as illustrations and data on phenology and geographic distribution. N. hihua is cited for the first time in Paraná State.