969 resultados para Eco-villages


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Tesis (Maestría en Artes con orientación en Artes Visuales) UANL, 2014.

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Department of Applied Economics,Cochin University of Science and Technology

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The present study has identified an actinomycete culture (S. psammoticus) which was capable of producing all the three major ligninolytic enzymes. The study revealed that least explored mangrove regions are potential sources for the isolation of actinomycetes with novel characteristics. The laccase production by the strain in SmF and SSF was found to be much higher than the reported values. The growth of the organism was favoured by alkaline pH and salinity of the medium. The enzyme also exhibited novel characteristics such as activity and stability at alkaline pH and salt tolerance. These two characters are quite significant from the industrial point of view making the enzyme an ideal candidate for industrial applications. Many of the application studies to date are focused on enzymes from fungal sources. However, the fungal laccases, which are mostly acidic in nature, could not be used universally for all application purposes especially, for the treatment of effluents from different industries, largely due to the alkaline nature of the effluents. Under such situations the enzymes from organisms like S. psammoticus with wide pH range could play a better role than the fungal counterparts. In the present study, the ability of the isolated strain and laccase in the degradation of dyes and phenolic compounds was successfully proved. The reusability of the immobilized enzyme system made the entire treatment process inexpensive. Thus it can be concluded from the present study that the laccase from this organism could be hopefully employed for the eco-friendly treatment of dye or phenol containing industrial effluents from various sources.

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Vast changes have taken place in the field of institutional rural credit in India since the nationalisation of nineteen commercial banks in 1969. The supply of institutional finance to cultivators amounted to 63.2 percent of the total credit in 1981 compared to 31.2 percent in 1971. Insti tutionalisation of agricultural credit envisaged two objectives in general. One was to emancipate cultivators and farmers from the clutches of indigenous financiers and money lenders. The second was to make farmers financially capable of adopting the new technology or improved practices in agriculture so as to increase their agricultural production and thereby contributing to the development of agriculture in India. Though vast literature on Institutional Credi t and agriculture is available, no indepth and serious work examining thoroughly the cause of credit diversion has been undertaken so far. The present study is an attempt to fill up this gap. The study will be helpful to lending insti tutions, viz. Co-ope:r-atives, Commercial banks and various other insti tutional agencies in connection with their lending activity_ Also, the study will help government in .formulating proper policies that will insure a preferential treatment in favour of the most needy category of farmers and cultivators with respect to agricultural credit disbursement

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The present work aims to study induced maturation of the pearl oyster for induced spawning experiments. The work on larval development was done with a view to developing techniques for the artificial rearing of commercially important pearl oyster P fucata, and also to elucidate the principles and problems of tropical bivalve larvae in general for detailed investigations in the future. The present study is designed to probe into the details of the basic aspects of the biology related to the hatchery technology of Pinctada fucata and the understanding of the factors which influence induction of maturation, spawning, larval rearing and spat settlement. This would go a long way in the upgradation of hatchery technology of the Indian Pearl oyster Pinctada fucata fora commercial level seed production..

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Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) notification was issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forest of Government of India in February 1991 as a part of the Environmental Protection Act of 1986 to protect the coast from eroding and to preserve its natural resources. The initial notification did not distinguish the variability and diversity of various coastal states before enforcing it on the various states and Union Territories. Impact assessments were not carried out to assess its impact on socio-economic life of the coastal population. For the very same reason, it was unnoticed or rather ignored till 1994 when the Supreme Court of India made a land mark judgment on the fate of the coastal aquaculture which by then had established as an economically successful industry in many South Indian States. Coastal aquaculture in its modern form was a prohibited activity within CRZ. Lately, only various stakeholders of the coast realized the real impact of the CRZ rules on their property rights andbusiness. To overcome the initial drawbacks several amendments were made in the regulation to suit regional needs. In 1995, another great transformation took place in the State of Kerala as a part of the reorganization of the local self government institutions into a decentralized three tier system called ‘‘Panchayathi Raj System’’. In 1997, the state government also decided to transfer the power with the required budget outlay to the grass root level panchayats (villages) and municipalities to plan and implement the various projects in their localities with the full participation of the local people by constituting Grama Sabhas (Peoples’ Forum). It is called the ‘‘Peoples’ Planning Campaign’’(Peoples’ Participatory Programme—PPP for Local Level Self-Governance). The management of all the resources including the local natural resources was largely decentralized to the level of local communities and villages. Integrated, sustainable coastal zone management has become the concern of the local population. The paper assesses the socio-economic impact of the centrally enforced CRZ and the state sponsored PPP on the coastal community in Kerala and suggests measures to improve the system and living standards of the coastal people within the framework of CRZ.

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Several eco-toxicological studies have shown that insectivorous mammals, due to their feeding habits, easily accumulate high amounts of pollutants in relation to other mammal species. To assess the bio-accumulation levels of toxic metals and their in°uence on essential metals, we quantified the concentration of 19 elements (Ca, K, Fe, B, P, S, Na, Al, Zn, Ba, Rb, Sr, Cu, Mn, Hg, Cd, Mo, Cr and Pb) in bones of 105 greater white-toothed shrews (Crocidura russula) from a polluted (Ebro Delta) and a control (Medas Islands) area. Since chemical contents of a bio-indicator are mainly compositional data, conventional statistical analyses currently used in eco-toxicology can give misleading results. Therefore, to improve the interpretation of the data obtained, we used statistical techniques for compositional data analysis to define groups of metals and to evaluate the relationships between them, from an inter-population viewpoint. Hypothesis testing on the adequate balance-coordinates allow us to confirm intuition based hypothesis and some previous results. The main statistical goal was to test equal means of balance-coordinates for the two defined populations. After checking normality, one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney tests were carried out for the inter-group balances

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El presente Trabajo de Grado tiene como objetivo, estudiar la viabilidad económica, ecológica y social para la creación de una empresa especializada en servicios turísticos y jornadas ecológicas, con sede para sus actividades en el municipio de La Vega (Cundinamarca). Se podrán identificar cuáles son las oportunidades de negocio que le brinda el mercado en la ciudad de Bogotá y sus alrededores para que la empresa Promotora TEA Ltda, pueda desempeñare sus actividades de manera perdurable, dadas las condiciones actuales para satisfacer de la mejor manera las necesidades de sus clientes. Con tal fin, se presenta un análisis externo e interno, que incluye la investigación del sector económico a nivel nacional y local de la empresa con el fin de identificar las estrategias más favorables para la creación de la Promotora TEA Ltda. Se podrán identificar los mercados potenciales y las oportunidades de crecimiento, tanto el sector turístico como en la exploración ecológica y sustentable de los recursos del municipio para garantizar un aprendizaje vivencial de cada consumidor.

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En los últimos años el termino Desarrollo Sostenible ha tomado gran relevancia en el contexto internacional. El mundo entero es consiente del daño ambiental que las actividades del hombre han causado al planeta tierra. El presente documento pretende hacer una aproximación a un marco teórico en donde se definen y se caracterizan los conceptos de Desarrollo Sostenible y Eco-Eficiencia. A través de la revisión de documentos oficiales de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas se busca exponer la evolución del Desarrollo Sostenible como tema de importancia mundial. Posteriormente se muestra la relación entre éste concepto y la Eco – Eficiencia aplicada a los negocios, y cómo las empresas pueden lograr que sus actividades sean mas amigables con el medio ambiente. Con esta revisión bibliográfica queremos mostrar cómo en esta nueva era de desarrollo y globalización es primordial tener en cuenta que para lograr satisfacer las necesidades de los seres humanos es necesario reconocer los limites de la naturaleza y respetarla para asegurar la sobrevivencia de la raza humana.

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Esta propuesta tiene como objetivo central, diseñar un proyecto de gestión que sensibilice a la comunidad de la Ciudadela Colsubsidio frente al humedal Tibabúyes, promoviendo la valoración y sostenibilidad de este ecosistema, el más grande de la ciudad, vital para la preservación del ciclo hídrico. El proyecto contempla el desarrollo de estrategias que estimulen el sistema sensorial de la comunidad para así, generar transformaciones en los procesos de interacción que existen en la actualidad y hacer viable su sostenibilidad. Eco Sensaciones, es una metáfora que corresponde al resultado de una serie de estímulos sobre el sistema sensorial y que para el caso del proyecto, alude a las estrategias que se desarrollarán desde las emociones, pensadas desde el concepto de la Ecosofía, el cual hace referencia a un principio filosófico que plantea la necesidad de transformar los procesos de interacción humana con la naturaleza, para así activar y motivar la apropiación de la comunidad por el ecosistema. Contempla actividades centrales, como el desarrollo de una réplica del humedal “Tibabúyes portátil” y de recorridos por el ecosistema “Tibabúyes silencioso”, actividades que serán evaluadas en todas sus fases.

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En Guasca, Cundinamarca, se han configurado cambios profundos en el uso de los recursos naturales y el trabajo. En la misma área donde operó una mina de cal a cielo abierto por más de sesenta años, hoy en día existe una reserva biológica. Este proceso ha conllevado transformaciones y negociaciones entre las formas locales de uso de los recursos naturales y los usos propuestos por la conservación ambiental. Por su parte, el trabajo en la vereda se ha visto afectado por el cambio reciente en el usufructo de los recursos ambientales y las precariedades económicas del agro en Colombia. El argumento central de este texto es que la declaratoria de áreas protegidas privadas, como práctica suscrita al discurso ambientalista global, más que un proceso neutro, es una fuente de tensión constante entre pobladores locales y administradores de las zonas de conservación ecológica por cuenta del manejo territorial y ambiental, el entendimiento del uso de los recursos naturales y la naturaleza, la propiedad, el empleo y la descentralización del poder estatal. Así las cosas, este trabajo se preocupa por analizar las tensiones e implicaciones que supone la declaratoria de áreas protegidas para las poblaciones locales, en particular en su economía, trabajo y formas de apropiarse de la naturaleza y sus recursos.

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Trata de adaptar el currículum escolar a los rasgos específicos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias. Aplicado al primer nivel del ciclo medio de EGB, del Colegio Público Giner de los Ríos.