Geographic distribution and associated environments characterization of trichilia catigua A. Juss - Meliaceae in Santa Catarina State - Brazil

A survey was conducted aiming to recognize and characterize the environments of occurrence of Trichilia species and their geographic distribuition, particulary T. catigua A. Juss, in Santa Catarina State. These informations will support a domestication strategy for agricultural production of this spcies. This species is widely used by traditional communities as dye and tonic beverage, as well as digestive and purgative. Some pharmaceutical and beverage industries in Brasil use bark of this species to prepare a tonic drink. There are several common names reffering the species and this situation can promove mistakes in collecting and selling processes. Termperature, soil, vegetational types and edaphoclimatic aspects have great influence on the occurrence of this species. Plant collection strategu was based on herbaria data and field verification. The vouchers were deposited at the Federal University of Parana herbarium (UPCB). The collection sites were geographically located, by latitude and longitude and these data were crossed with climate, soil, temperature, rainfall, altitude and vegetation maps. Catuaba occurs predominantly on a stational semidecidual forest and also on transitional forest with Araucaria and part of Atlantic forest. It is found growing in lower canopy, with fertile soils, and high content of organic matter. The main geomorphological formation are basaltic and the soil types vary from dark red latossol to yellow red latossol, including structured red latossl and cambissol from basaltic and granitic origin.

Geographical distribution and associated environments characterisation of catuba (Trichilia catigua A. Juss. - Meliaceae) in Paraná State - Brazil

Trichilia catigua A. Juss. - Meliaceae has been traditionally used as a tonic and digestive medicine. Some Brazilian pharmaceutical firms use this species to produce phytopharmaceuticals and alcoholic beverages. The aim of this work is to determine its geographical distribution and characterise the environments where catuaba is found in the state of Paraná, in order to support the domestication strategy for the agricultural production of this species. Based on the literature, botanical collections and field observations it was established, that five species of the genus occurring in Paraná, which were identified as T casaretti, T catigua, T claussenii, T elegans, T pallida and another supposed to be T pattens. Trichilia catigua occurs within a wide but defined strip in the state. By evaluating data of climate; soil types; natural vegetation formations; mean, maximum and minimum temperatures; relative humidity; rainfall; altitudes and evapotranspiration the strip may be localised above latitude 25° in the central and Eastern regions of the state and above latitude 26° in South-western Parana. In general, T catigua was found to occur on fertile, organic-matter-rich soils and predominantly under forest canopies.

Collection of Fáfia [Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen] in Northwestern State of Paraná - Brazil

Interviews were conducted with fáfia (Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen) collectors from the municipal districts of Querência do Norte and Porto Rico, where enterprises and buyers of this plant are concentrated. The results allowed us to conclude that both the adults and children make collection. Each adult collects from 50 to 150 kg of roots/day, depending on the collection area, for about 8 months/year. Collections mostly occur all over the year, but the activity becomes more intense from May to August. All families are not exclusively dedicated to fáfia collection and also develop other rural activities. They have been collecting fáfia for 2 to 13 years, indicating that an intensive exploitation has been present in the region for over a decade. During collection, no plant part is used for replanting the species. The roots are commercialised by regional buyers. The price of the roots varies from US $ 0.07 to US $ 0.13/kg and average gain is about US $ 2,055/family/year, representing a considerable profit for the collectors.

Report of a chimeric origin of transposable elements in a bovine-coding gene

Despite the wide distribution of transposable elements (TEs) in mammalian genomes, part of their evolutionary significance remains to be discovered. Today there is a substantial amount of evidence showing that TEs are involved in the generation of new exons in different species. In the present study, we searched 22,805 genes and reported the occurrence of TE-cassettes in coding sequences of 542 cow genes using the RepeatMasker program. Despite the significant number (542) of genes with TE insertions in exons only 14 (2.6%) of them were translated into protein, which we characterized as chimeric genes. From these chimeric genes, only the FAST kinase domains 3 (FASTKD3) gene, present on chromosome BTA 20, is a functional gene and showed evidence of the exaptation event. The genome sequence analysis showed that the last exon coding sequence of bovine FASTKD3 is ∼85% similar to the ART2A retrotransposon sequence. In addition, comparison among FASTKD3 proteins shows that the last exon is very divergent from those of Homo sapiens, Pan troglodytes and Canis familiares. We suggest that the gene structure of bovine FASTKD3 gene could have originated by several ectopic recombinations between TE copies. Additionally, the absence of TE sequences in all other species analyzed suggests that the TE insertion is clade-specific, mainly in the ruminant lineage. ©FUNPEC-RP.

Reproductive technology in domestic carnivorous

Background: The delay in development of artificial reproduction techniques on carnivorous could be due to countless reasons, but the lack of commercial interest is probably the most important one. The majority of canines are small structures, canidae are extremely fertile and a great number of species are adapted to domestication or captivity. Finally, the canine gamete physiology presents a difficult adaptation of technology knowledge obtained from other species. Furthermore, domestic felines are animals of company and there is no interest in reproducing them in a large scale, as it has been observed in other domestic animals, however, besides of being a valuable model for the development of in vitro techniques, the domestic cat is also used as an embryo receptor for different species of small wild felines due to physiological similarities among them, in vitro embrionary development, Review: It was reviewed the main insights about the reproductive physiology in female dogs, in vitro oocytary maturation (IVM), pregnancy and conception rate with dogs' frozen/unfrozen semen and PIV in domestic cats. The majority of mammal oocytes restart meiosis spontaneously after ovulation and reaches MII in artificial environment; in an in vitro maturation system in bovines, around 90% of oocytes complete their maturation, although its development capacity can be reduced subsequently. The success of IVM in canidae have been limited, with maturation rate varying from 0 to 58%, usually around 20%. The greatest difficulties include oocyte quality, hormonal environment, protein supplementation, cumulus / oocyte cell interaction, donor breed and age, culture systems, oxygen tension, amino acids, growth factor and sequential means. The freezing process reduces the quality of the semen, firstly because it reduces the number of living sperms and secondly because freezing produces cell modifications that could alter the sperm motility, longevity, integrity of membranes and its fertilizing capacity. Conclusion: Nowadays, several researches are being performed with the aim of increasing viability after dogs' and cats' semen is unfrozen, using extenders, cryoprotectors, freezing and unfreezing curves, addition of antioxidant substances. The aim of this text is to inform about the improvements obtained on the artificial reproduction techniques, emphasizing the oocytary maturation in female dogs, semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination in domestic dogs and cats.

Efeitos genéticos e ambientais sobre o tempo de permanência em imobilidade tônica de perdizes (Rhynchotus rufescens)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caracterização fenotípica e genética e do comportamento de reintegração social de perdizes (Rhynchotus rufescens) criadas em cativeiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comportamento de casais Rhynchotus rufescens em cativeiro: relação com imobilidade tônica e eficiência reprodutiva

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sombreamento e aplicação de nitrogênio em plantas jovens de Jatropha curcas L

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ecos da modernidade: uma análise do discurso sobre o cinema ambulante em São Luís-MA

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo analítico das endoscopias das vias aéreas de equinos PSI durante o período de 1993-2003 e avaliação dos resultados de procedimentos cirúrgicos laringeanos realizados no Jockey Club de São Paulo durante o período de 1998-2003

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Variabilidade genética em uma população de Cordia verbenacea DC. para características agronômicas e fitoquímicas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Atores, canais de comercialização e consumo da mangaba no nordeste brasileiro

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar processos que vão do extrativismo ao consumo da mangaba, enfatizando os diferentes atores em cena, as suas relações, os canais de comercialização e as características do consumo. A pesquisa foi realizada no nordeste do Brasil (BA, AL, SE e PE), por meio de métodos qualitatitivos e quantitativos. Os principais resultados mostram uma fraca tendência de domesticação para atender à demanda crescente do mercado e ameaças ao extrativismo por fatores externos.

Por uma política de educação ambiental para as Cidades Amazônicas: uma reflexão para o Serviço Social

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a compreensão da dimensão ambiental no espaço urbano da Amazônia pelos assistentes sociais, inseridos nas principais intervenções urbanísticas do município de Belém, nas quais dentre elas há o Projeto Portal da Amazônia, Macrodrenagem da Estrada Nova e o Projeto de Urbanização da Vila da Barca. Para tanto, focamos nossas análises sobre o trabalho social dos projetos habitacionais e de urbanização, citados, que tem a educação ambiental como uma de suas ações de caráter socioeducativo, indicando qual seria a centralidade da discussão ambiental em tais iniciativas fomentadas pelo poder público, assim como a importância e compreensão do assistente social sobre esta demanda na região amazônica. Ao nos debruçarmos sobre este debate, realizamos uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, observação de campo e entrevista semiestruturada com os assistentes sociais de instituições responsáveis pela promoção da política urbana no município de Belém-PA, no momento: Secretaria Municipal de Habitação (SEHAB), instituição responsável pela política urbana do município; Construtora UNI Engenharia, atualmente empresa responsável pela execução do trabalho técnico físico dos projetos de urbanização do município e a Construtora EFECCE, atual responsável pelos projetos técnicos sociais. Durante a pesquisa, constatamos que a educação ambiental é relegada ao segundo plano dentro de outras ações do trabalho social, em que a sua dimensão educativa se subsume e se espraia nos eixos de geração de renda e de educação patrimonial e sanitária, sendo a sua realização pontual, devido não só à lógica institucional de trabalho, mas também à insegurança de alguns profissionais do Serviço Social em lidar com a demanda ambiental, principalmente sobre Amazônia, em que os conteúdos da educação ambiental estão restritos às problemáticas do lixo, água e desmatamento, não ampliando a discussão aos direitos urbano-ambientais, estando a discussão ambiental esvaziada de seus conteúdos sociais, políticos e econômicos, sendo mais um espaço de controle, domesticação e inculcação dos valores hegemônicos.

A Gestão ambiental no distrito industrial I de Maracanaú - Região metropolitana de Fortaleza-CE

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE