Cultural events and tourist development in Catalonia (Spain)

From the point of view of local development cultural tourism events represent an opportunity since they are distributed homogeneously by the Catalan territory and are experiencing a vertiginous growth as a way to differentiate the existing supply. In our study a sample of 264 telephone surveys made to organizers of events in Catalonia has been compiled, with the purpose of characterizing the existing supply, thematic typologies, management models, commercialization inputs and economic impact. The results allow us to characterize events from the point of view of their tourist potential. Finally some recommendations are set out to develop future tourism policies based on events according to product differentiation, seasonality, competitiveness and creativity.

Cultural control of herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum Gaud. populations in winter cereal in Northeastern Spain

Lolium rigidum Gaud. is one of the most common weed species in winter cereals in Northeastern Spain. Herbicide resistance has been growing since the mid 90's and exclusive herbicide use is not enough in many cases, so that it is necessary to combine as many control tools as possible. Six field trials have been conducted during the cropping seasons 2001-02, 2002-03 and 2003-04 on winter cereal infested with herbicide resistant L. rigidum in Northeastern Spain testing different cultural control strategies. Sowing delay was conducted at five fields, mouldboard ploughing at four fields, the combination of sowing delay and ploughing at two fields, increasing the cereal sowing density and combined with sowing delay at one field. Sowing delay was confirmed to have an irregular efficacy depending on the L. rigidum emergence during the delay period. In the trials, weed emergence was reduced up to 88% in the best case but there was no effect in two cases. Ploughing had a more constant efficacy and reduced weed emergence between 50 and 80% although stoniness impeded in one occasion a correct soil inversion causing a very low efficacy. Increasing the cereal sowing rate did not reduce the weed population. The combination of the different methods did not increase significantly the individual efficacy, and one method was clearly more effective than the other, depending on the trial. In fields with high L. rigidum density, these methods are not effective enough and need to be combined with other methods, which are discussed in the text.

Quantifying insufficient coping behavior under chronic stress. A cross-cultural study of 1,303 students from Italy, Spain, and Argentina.

The question of how to quantify insufficient coping behavior under chronic stress is of major clinical relevance. In fact, chronic stress increasingly dominates modern work conditions and can affect nearly every system of the human body, as suggested by physical, cognitive, affective and behavioral symptoms. Since freshmen students experience constantly high levels of stress due to tight schedules and frequent examinations, we carried out a 3-center study of 1,303 students from Italy, Spain and Argentina in order to develop socioculturally independent means for quantifying coping behavior. The data analysis relied on 2 self-report questionnaires: the Coping Strategies Inventory (COPE) for the assessment of coping behavior and the Zurich Health Questionnaire which assesses consumption behavior and general health dimensions. A neural network approach was used to determine the structural properties inherent in the COPE instrument. Our analyses revealed 2 highly stable, socioculturally independent scales that reflected basic coping behavior in terms of the personality traits activity-passivity and defeatism-resilience. This replicated previous results based on Swiss and US-American data. The percentage of students exhibiting insufficient coping behavior was very similar across the study sites (11.5-18.0%). Given their stability and validity, the newly developed scales enable the quantification of basic coping behavior in a cost-efficient and reliable way, thus clearing the way for the early detection of subjects with insufficient coping skills under chronic stress who may be at risk of physical or mental health problems.

La modernización de la gestión pública de la cultura. Análisis comparado del caso de los equipamientos culturales de las comunidades autónomas de Cataluña y Madrid

En el marco de la actual reducción de los presupuestos públicos dedicados a cultura, ha surgido el debate en torno a la necesidad de aumentar la sostenibilidad de los equipamientos culturales. No obstante, los autores plantean que ello requiere una modernización del modelo de gestión de los equipamientos culturales: la agencialización, la contractualización de las relaciones entre las administraciones públicas y los equipamientos culturales y la evaluación de sus resultados e impactos. A partir del análisis de dos países pioneros en este proceso, Inglaterra y Francia, el artículo se centra en el análisis comparativo de los procesos de modernización de la gestión de los equipamientos culturales en la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid y la de Cataluña. La conclusión es que las diferencias entre estas dos comunidades se deben a las diferencias del contexto político-administrativo, esto es, al modelo de gestión de las políticas culturales. Asimismo, en ambos casos, el reto de modernización de la gestión de los equipamientos culturales no solo debe implicar cambios de gestión económica, sino un cambio en la tutela y en la misión, que debe orientarse hacia la creación de valor público.

cultural field of the seventeenth century in Spain and New Granada

The article aims to make visible some nuances of the 17TH century in Spain and the New Granada with emphasis on articulations and tensions that made up this cultural and social space through the analysis of the letrados and its position in the Hispanic cultural field of the 16th and 17TH centuries. This article also discusses the traditional thesis about the cultural isolation and obscurantism in the American colonies before the eighteenth century through the analysis of the circulation of books and knowledge between mainland Spain and its colonies, and the heterogeneous character of the lawyers that affect the symbolic monopoly of the Catholic Church.

Presencia educativa y cultural de la mujer en Madrid (1900-1931).

Se estudia la evolución de la presencia femenina, en los niveles educativos de párvulos, primaria, bachillerato, formación profesional, educación especial y universidad, y en la vida cultural de Madrid. Se analiza la filosofía y las instituciones educativas de mayor relevancia en las distintas corrientes ideológicas en el periodo concerniente a 1900-1931, los acontecimientos educativos y antecedentes históricos. Los datos se recogen de los Anuarios de Educación, Estadísticos y de Comercio y de manuscritos del Archivo Histórico Nacional y del Archivo Municipal. Investigación histórica basada en un estudio estadístico de la presencia femenina en los distintos niveles e instituciones. Queda demostrada una fuerte presencia educativa y cultural de la mujer en Madrid entre 1900-1931.

Dieciséis nuevos edificios culturales en Madrid : pertenecen al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y forman el más vasto recinto cultural, a excepción de la Ciudad Universitaria : fueron inaugurados por S.E. el Jefe del Estado en el día solemne de la Hispanidad.

Crónica de los actos acontecidos con motivo de la inauguración de dieciséis nuevos edificios culturales en Madrid pertenecientes al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Se abrieron los actos con la celebración de una misa en la Iglesia del Espíritu Santo de la calle Serrano de Madrid presidida por el Caudillo Franco y acompañado de diversas autoridades como los Ministros de Industria, Exteriores o Gobernación. A continuación, se inició el acto académico en la sede principal del Consejo, por el que toda la comitiva hizo un recorrido visitando todas las instalaciones. El Ministro de Educación Nacional impuso la medalla de miembro de honor del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas a Franco y este, en agradecimiento, pronunció un discurso. Seguidamente, las autoridades hicieron una visita al Instituto de Enseñanza Media 'Ramiro de Maeztu', donde Franco fue aclamado con vítores por boca de los alumnos del centro. Se dirigieron después al 'Internado Hispano-Marroquí', donde se educaban los hijos de musulmanes notables y de españoles residentes en África. A medio día, llegó el Jefe del Estado al Instituto 'Leonardo Torres Quevedo', de instrumental científico, cuyas dependencias visitó con atención y en donde dio por terminada su visita a los centros del Consejo.

Madrid comunidad abierta : una unidad didáctica para la pluralidad cultural.

Premios a la Innovación Educativa 1998. Anexo Memoria C-Innov 107

52 escapadas de turismo cultural en la Comunidad de Madrid

T??t. tomado de la cub.

Madrid Huellas del tiempo : Instituto Cultural Caba??as, Guadalajara, estado de Jalisco, M??xico

Cat??logo de la exposici??n del mismo nombre y presentada en M??xico de Mayo a Junio de 2006 tras la celebrada en la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando de Madrid, con el objeto mostrar la riqueza y variedad del patrimonio hist??rico de la regi??n de Madrid y las actuaciones que se desarrollan para su conservaci??n y protecci??n. Se muestran algunas actuaciones concretas que se desarrollan en materias como arqueolog??a y restauraci??n, tanto de bienes muebles como inmuebles y se contextualizan los bienes sobre los que se ha intervenido con informaci??n sobre el patrimonio, sobre la historia y el arte.

Prevalence of psychological and physical intimate partner aggression in Madrid (Spain) : A dyadic analysis

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Advanced functionality for radio analysis in the Offline software framework of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The advent of the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) necessitates the development of a powerful framework for the analysis of radio measurements of cosmic ray air showers. As AERA performs ""radio-hybrid"" measurements of air shower radio emission in coincidence with the surface particle detectors and fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the radio analysis functionality had to be incorporated in the existing hybrid analysis solutions for fluorescence and surface detector data. This goal has been achieved in a natural way by extending the existing Auger Offline software framework with radio functionality. In this article, we lay out the design, highlights and features of the radio extension implemented in the Auger Offline framework. Its functionality has achieved a high degree of sophistication and offers advanced features such as vectorial reconstruction of the electric field, advanced signal processing algorithms, a transparent and efficient handling of FFTs, a very detailed simulation of detector effects, and the read-in of multiple data formats including data from various radio simulation codes. The source code of this radio functionality can be made available to interested parties on request. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Atmospheric effects on extensive air showers observed with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

Atmospheric parameters, Such as pressure (P), temperature (T) and density (rho proportional to P/T), affect the development of extensive air showers initiated by energetic cosmic rays. We have Studied the impact of atmospheric variations on extensive air showers by means of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The rate of events shows a similar to 10% seasonal modulation and similar to 2% diurnal one. We find that the observed behaviour is explained by a model including the effects associated with the variations of P and rho. The former affects the longitudinal development of air showers while the latter influences the Moliere radius and hence the lateral distribution of the shower particles. The model is validated with full simulations of extensive air showers using atmospheric profiles measured at the site of the Pierre Auger Observatory. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Anisotropy and chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Collaboration has reported. evidence for anisotropy in the distribution of arrival directions of the cosmic rays with energies E > E(th) = 5.5 x 10(19) eV. These show a correlation with the distribution of nearby extragalactic objects, including an apparent excess around the direction of Centaurus A. If the particles responsible for these excesses at E > E(th) are heavy nuclei with charge Z, the proton component of the sources should lead to excesses in the same regions at energies E/Z. We here report the lack of anisotropies in these directions at energies above E(th)/Z (for illustrative values of Z = 6, 13, 26). If the anisotropies above E(th) are due to nuclei with charge Z, and under reasonable assumptions about the acceleration process, these observations imply stringent constraints on the allowed proton fraction at the lower energies.

The Pierre Auger Observatory scaler mode for the study of solar activity modulation of galactic cosmic rays

Since data-taking began in January 2004, the Pierre Auger Observatory has been recording the count rates of low energy secondary cosmic ray particles for the self-calibration of the ground detectors of its surface detector array. After correcting for atmospheric effects, modulations of galactic cosmic rays due to solar activity and transient events are observed. Temporal variations related with the activity of the heliosphere can be determined with high accuracy due to the high total count rates. In this study, the available data are presented together with an analysis focused on the observation of Forbush decreases, where a strong correlation with neutron monitor data is found.