Manipulation of host hepatocytes by the malaria parasite for delivery into liver sinusoids.

The merozoite stage of the malaria parasite that infects erythrocytes and causes the symptoms of the disease is initially formed inside host hepatocytes. However, the mechanism by which hepatic merozoites reach blood vessels (sinusoids) in the liver and escape the host immune system before invading erythrocytes remains unknown. Here, we show that parasites induce the death and the detachment of their host hepatocytes, followed by the budding of parasite-filled vesicles (merosomes) into the sinusoid lumen. Parasites simultaneously inhibit the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of host plasma membranes, which act as "eat me" signals to phagocytes. Thus, the hepatocyte-derived merosomes appear to ensure both the migration of parasites into the bloodstream and their protection from host immunity.

(Fig 1, page 350) A manganese nodule in the top part of the CHUBASCO station 17 core taken in the Pacific Ocean

The vast extent of pelagic deposits, covering about 70 per cent of the ocean floor, thus about half of the earth, makes them of obvious importance to all Earth Science. All the pelagic (eupelagic) sediments, whether largely of plankton remains or fine inorganic particles, have certain distinctive characteristics to reflect their environment of accumulation. The great segregation of manganese in pelagic sediments presents many problems. It is hypothesized that in the formation of present day nodules a relatively slow accumulation in order to permit deposition of more of the manganese as large nodules, rather than as the disseminated micronodules that are in larger proportion in the Tertiary.

On the geological action of the humus acids /

"From the Proceedings of the American association for the advancement of science, vol. XXXVIII ... August, 1879."

Class list of current serial digests and indexes of the literature of science, technology and commerce.

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Miscellanea curiosa : being a collection of some of the principal phaenomena in nature, accounted for by the greatest philosophers of this age : together with several discourses read before the Royal Society, for the advancement of physical and mathematical knowledge.

Nos. 144-145 omitted in the paging of v. 1.

The traveling elementary school science library,

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The physical and metaphysical works of Lord Bacon, including the Advancement of learning and Novum organum.

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The advancement of learning.

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59 plates for notes upon the Castle of Budrun (Halicarnassus) and its association with the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem,

"The plates are from drawings made by Corporal R. Spackman, R.E. (British Museum Add. Ms. 30, 988) ..."

Swimming against the flow: A mechanism of zooplankton aggregation

Zooplankton reside in a constantly flowing environment. However, information about their response to ambient flow has remained elusive, because of the difficulties of following the individual motions of these minute, nearly transparent animals in the ocean. Using a three-dimensional acoustic imaging system, we tracked >375,000 zooplankters at two coastal sites in the Red Sea. Resolution of their motion from that of the water showed that the animals effectively maintained their depth by swimming against upwelling and downwelling currents moving at rates of up to tens of body lengths per second, causing their accumulation at frontal zones. This mechanism explains how oceanic fronts become major feeding grounds for predators and targets for fishermen.