Women's Physical Education

Black & Black, architects. Dedicated April 17, 1954 and named after Dr. Margaret Bell, chairman of the Program of Physical Education for Women. On verso: H.O. (Fritz) Crisler speaking at ground breaking for women's swimming pool unit

UM Women's Track Team, 1994

Front Row: Heather Grigg, Abbie Schaefer, Molly McClimon, Jennifer Barber, Christie Wilson, Amy Parker, Theresa Hall, Carrie Stewart, Mara Guillemette

Second Row: Laura Jerman, Holly Logue, Monika Black, Denise James, Katy Hollbacher, Kelly Chard, Courtney Babcock, Jackie Concaugh, Tearza Johnson, Emily Shively, Sharmila Prasad, Kim Skryd

Third Row: Kathryn Huffman, Annie Erlewine, Beth Gould, Richelle Webb, Michelle Spannagel, Kristie Wink, Chris Szabo, Karen Harvey, Jessica Kluge, Kristine Westerby, Ebony McClain, Colette Savage, Tonya Broad, Lisa Adams

Fourth Row: Ingrid Sharphorn, Elizabeth VanderVelde, Molly Lori, Jen Peterson, Ronda Meyers, Linda Stuck, Deb Mans, Jayna Greiner, Kathy Tomko, Laura Molnar

UM Women's Track Team, 1994

Front Row: Katy Hollbacher, Kristine Westerby, Chris Szabo, Courtney Babcock, Laura Jerman, Jessica Kluge, Richelle, Webb, Karen Harvey, Molly McClimon

Second Row: Ronda Meyers, Carrie Stewart, Theresa Hall, Tearza Johnson, Colette Savage, Annie Erlewine, Sharmila Prasad, Tanya Clay, Kim Skryd, Monika Black

Third Row: Emily Shively, Linda Stuck, Jen Peterson, Kathy Tomko, Tonya Broad, Julie Copley, Abbie Schaefer, Beth Gould, Mayrie Richards

Back Row: Jackie Concaugh, Mara Guillemette, Laura Molnar, Christie Wilson, Amy Parker, Jayna Greiner, Michelle Spannagel, Heather Grigg, Deb Mans

UM Women's Track Team, 1995

Top Row: Karen Harvey, Carrie Stewart

Second Row: Jennifer Ridgley, Tanya Clay, Mayrie Richards, Kelly Chard

Third Row: Jen Petersen, Linda Stuck, Ingrid Sharphorn

Fourth Row: Janya Greiner, Jennifer Barber, Christie Wilson, Kim Skryd, Sarah Clauw, Tania Longe

Fifth Row: Susan Kaminski, Anika Felton, Ashley Zongker, Jackie Concaugh, Bridget Mann, Mara Guillemette, Holly Mzyniski

Sixth Row: Tiffin Goodman, Holly Logue, Julie Copley, Emily Shively Seventh Row: Ndu Okumabua, Tanya Manson, Ebony McClain, Molly Lori, Beth Gould, Tanya Broad, Heather Grigg, Wendy Robertson

Front Row: Hayley Wilkins, Michelle Spannagel, Monika Black, Tearza Johnson, Deanna Arnill, Pauline Arnill, Eileen Fleck, Michelle Slater, Lamika Harper

Choice recipes : contributed by the Women's Society of the Fairmount Presbyterian Church.

Includes household hints; sample menus; recipes for French, Swedish, German, Chinese, and Italian dishes; sample recipes: Frozen cheese salad, Chicken chow mein, Buster Brown cake.

UM Women's Track Team, 1993

Front Row: Molly Lori, Katy Hollbacher, Jackie Concaugh, Jennifer Barber, Michelle Spannagel, Ebony McClain, Monika Black, Tearza Johnson, Tanya Broad, Julie Copley, Amy Parker, Christie Wilson

2nd Row: Trainer Jean Lett, Abbie Schaefer, Jen Stuht, Debbie Mans, Jessica Kluge, Chris Szabo, Jayna Greiner, Kelly Chard, Ronda Meyers, Mayrie Richards, Linda Stuck, Kathy Tomko, Theresa Hall, Christi Foster, Tanya Clay, Bryn Gerich

3rd Row: Rachel Mann, Karen Harvey, Courtney Babcock, Colette Savage, Laura Jerman, Alexis Collins, Richelle Webb

4th Row: Kristine Westerby, Kristi Wink, Amy Buchholz, Lisa Adams Top Row: Molly McClimon, Julie Victor

Improving employment possibilities for female black teenagers in New York City : final report, May 1976 /

Prepared for the Employment and Training Administration, U.S. Dept. of Labor.

Married women's work : being the report of a enquiry undertaken by the Women's industrial council (incorporated) ed. /

Bibliography: p. 283-285.

The prognostic value of a nomogram for exercise capacity in women

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that exercise capacity is an independent predictor of mortality in women. Normative values of exercise capacity for age in women have not been well established. Our objectives were to construct a nomogram to permit determination of predicted exercise capacity for age in women and to assess the predictive value of the nomogram with respect to survival. METHODS: A total of 5721 asymptomatic women underwent a symptom-limited, maximal stress test. Exercise capacity was measured in metabolic equivalents (MET). Linear regression was used to estimate the mean MET achieved for age. A nomogram was established to allow the percentage of predicted exercise capacity to be estimated on the basis of age and the exercise capacity achieved. The nomogram was then used to determine the percentage of predicted exercise capacity for both the original cohort and a referral population of 4471 women with cardiovascular symptoms who underwent a symptom-limited stress test. Survival data were obtained for both cohorts, and Cox survival analysis was used to estimate the rates of death from any cause and from cardiac causes in each group. RESULTS: The linear regression equation for predicted exercise capacity (in MET) on the basis of age in the cohort of asymptomatic women was as follows: predicted MET = 14.7 - (0.13 x age). The risk of death among asymptomatic women whose exercise capacity was less than 85 percent of the predicted value for age was twice that among women whose exercise capacity was at least 85 percent of the age-predicted value (P<0.001). Results were similar in the cohort of symptomatic women. CONCLUSIONS: We have established a nomogram for predicted exercise capacity on the basis of age that is predictive of survival among both asymptomatic and symptomatic women. These findings could be incorporated into the interpretation of exercise stress tests, providing additional prognostic information for risk stratification.

Volumetric and areal bone mineral density measures are associated with cardiovascular disease in older men and women: The health, aging, and body composition study

The associations of volumetric (vBMD) and areal (aBMD) bone mineral density measures with prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and subclinical peripheral arterial disease (PAD) were investigated in a cohort of older men and women enrolled in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Participants were 3,075 well-functioning white and black men and women (42% black, 51% women), aged 68-80 years. Total hip, femoral neck, and trochanter aBMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Quantitative computed tomography was used to evaluate spine trabecular, integral, and cortical vBMD measures in a subgroup (n = 1,489). Logistic regression was performed to examine associations of BMD measures with CVD and PAD. The prevalence of CVD (defined by coronary heart disease, PAD, cerebrovascular disease, or congestive heart failure) was 29.8%. Among participants without CVD, 10% had subclinical PAD (defined as ankle-arm index < 0.9). Spine vBMD measures were inversely associated with CVD in men (odds ratio of integral [ORintegral] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.63; ORtrabecular = 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.53; ORcortical = 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.65). In women, for each standard deviation decrease in integral vBMD, cortical vBMD, or trochanter aBMD, the odds of CVD were significantly increased by 28%, 27%, and 22%, respectively. Total hip aBMD was associated with subclinical PAD in men (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.84) but not in women. All associations were independent of age and shared risk factors between BMD and CVD and were not influenced by inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factors-alpha). In conclusion, our results provide further evidence for an inverse association between BMD and CVD in men and women. Future research should investigate common pathophysiological links for osteoporosis and CVD.

The health and nutritional status of multiethnic perimenopausal women

An integrated, dual-phase study design assessed the health and nutritional status and practices of African-American (A-A), Caribbean (A-C), and white non-Hispanic (W-A) women during perimenopause (40–55 years). During Phase I, four focus groups (n = 37) of male and female participants discussed the health and social implications of perimenopause. A conceptual framework for the main study (Phase II) was developed from the focus groups' findings, in concert with the main study's specific aims and objectives. ^ The main study, a cross-sectional survey, quantitatively assessed the health and nutritional status of a convenience sample of 109 women (25 A-A, 31 A-C and 53 W-A), who met specific eligibility criteria. Using seven instruments, sociodemographic, dietary, medical, reproductive health, health practice and anthropometric data were collected. ^ The groups were of comparable age, education, and socioeconomic status (SES). Despite these similarities, statistically significant interethnic nutritional status differences were found. Significantly more total energy and energy from fat were consumed by A-A than W-A and A-C women. Also, significantly more A-A and A-C than W-A women were overweight or obese with android-type weight patterning. ^ Overall, iron and calcium Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA's) were not met by 35% and 68% of participants, respectively. Iron deficiency anemia was reported by 29% of participants while 33% reported heavier menstrual bleeding. Coupled with suboptimal iron intakes, this is likely to present a serious public health problem. Similarly, increased bone demineralization characteristic of perimenopause, coupled with suboptimal calcium intakes could precipitate another public health problem, osteoporosis. ^ Participants had different expectations about the role of medical care during perimenopause. Significantly more white (57%) than black (38% [A-A and AC]) women sought medical attention for symptoms. Whereas Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) was prescribed for 25% of them, only 13% were compliant at enrollment. ^ The trends and statistically significant findings of this study have huge public health policy implications. It is imperative that appropriate policies are formulated to ensure that America's ethnically diverse perimenopausal women have ready access to culturally appropriate care. This would optimize their health outcomes, and enhance their quality of life and productive capacities at this critical juncture of their lives. ^

Women of African descent: Persistence in completing doctorates

This study examines the educational persistence of women of African descent (WOAD) in pursuit of a doctorate degree at universities in the southeastern United States. WOAD are women of African ancestry born outside the African continent. These women are heirs to an inner dogged determination and spirit to survive despite all odds (Pulliam, 2003, p. 337).This study used Ellis’s (1997) Three Stages for Graduate Student Development as the conceptual framework to examine the persistent strategies used by these women to persist to the completion of their studies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed for the 10 study participants. The study examined their beliefs, roles, and support systems utilized during their studies to help propel them to succeed. Interview data were analyzed using cross-case analysis to discover emerging themes and patterns. A comparative analysis was used to analyze the participants’ experiences and discover themes and patterns to review against the historical data. The findings showed that WOAD experienced feelings of isolation, neglect and racial prejudice as doctoral students. Their ability to formulate supportive relationships among each other and in their communities outside the university was key to their persistence to graduation. There still remains a need to create a more engaging and inclusive environment for nontraditional students, particularly those who are WOAD. The study concludes with six strategies of success used by these WOAD to persist to completion. Those six strategies include 1. Keeping the goal of earning a doctorate and graduating foremost on your mind. 2. Set a class and study schedule that allows you to balance family, work and study. 3. Take care of yourself, physically, mentally and emotionally. 4. Keep a goal chart to track your strides toward completion/graduation. 5. Establish a strong support system among your family, friends, colleagues and community; and 6. Do not let the “isms” (racism, sexism, and ageism) deter you.