Validação do instrumento de avaliação do jogador de futebol em situação de jogo

In the literature, it is possible to find a large number of studies directed toward athletic training in the physical, technical and tactical aspects of the Soccer game. In the other side, we are able to attest that there exists few instruments in the sport area of studies on evaluation of the athlete, in specific, rare are the instruments for assessment that takes into consideration the game situation. The most important aspect of an instrument of assessment is its validity. The present study has the objective to validate the “Instrument for Assessment of the Soccer Player” (IASP), proposed by Gama (2003). For the process of validation, participated nine university students, volunteers, four women and five men. The evaluators had a training period for acquaintance with the instrument and they analyzed, in individual basis, soccer games registered in video. This procedure was done via a 29 inches TV set, a DVD device and a voice recorder. Tests of reliability and objectivity were applied in order to measure intra and between observers consistency. As for the objectivity analysis, the results for each one of the soccer motor action with the ball in a game situation showed high correlation between possible score and obtained score. However these data did not allow for the validation of the IASP instrument as the criterion applied to the analyzed actions were different between observers even when of the observation of the same player in the same game. This problem was detected also in the evaluation of reliability. However, the present study was capable to point out inconsistencies within the Instrument for Assesment of the Soccer Player (IASP) so that after the needed changes being made, another validation will be done

Efeito do treinamento físico aeróbio em hipertensos de meia idade e idosos nos valores de consumo máximo de oxigênio

The aim of this study was to investigate whether aerobic capacity (VO2max) would be modified by antihypertensive therapy in elderly and middle-age women after 12 weeks of exercise training. The volunteers were divided in two groups: normotensive (n=14) and hypertensive (n=14). Aerobic exercise was performed for 3 days/week, during 60 minutes, for 12 weeks with an intensity of 50-70% rest heart hate. Anthropometric parameters (weight and height), body fat index, % of fat mass, cardiopulmonary evaluation to calculated VO2max and a cardiovascular evaluation with blood pressure and rest heart hate were evaluated at baseline and after training program. At the end of study abdominal circumference and Borg scale were also evaluated. Our findings showed the aerobic program of 12 weeks was effective to reduce diastolic blood pressure in both groups. Systolic blood pressure was reduced only hypertensive group. No evidences were found the aerobic capacity was affected by hypertensive therapies. In conclusion, the aerobic program for 12 weeks was effective to reduce blood pressure and there was no influence of antihypertensive therapy on the aerobic capacity in this particular population.

Efeito do treinamento com pesos nos distúrbios do sono e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com demência de Alzheimer

The Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly. Among the harmful changes arising from the DA, there may be sleep disturbance and impaired quality of life. Physical activity is an important non-pharmacological feature that would provide positive effects for the treatment of disease. However, there are still few studies that clarify the effects of resistance training in this population. Thus, the present study has as objective analyzes the effects of the resistance training in sleep disturbance and quality of life of patients with AD. Participated in this study 22 patients with clinical diagnosis of AD divided into two groups: Training Group (TG) and Social Interaction Group (SIG). The subjects of TG underwent a resistance training protocol, appropriate to the individual conditions, during three days no consecutive in the week, with duration of 60 minutes each session, for 16 weeks. The SIG won't participate in any systematized physical activity, but they realized other activities, such as reading, poetry, hiking and painting, among others. This protocol also was realized three times in week for 16 weeks, with duration of 60 minutes each session. Both groups were assessed at the beginning of the program and after 16 weeks. For the assessment of sleep disturbance was used the Mini Sleep Questionnaire and to assess of quality of life was used the Scale for Assessment of Quality of Life in Alzheimer's disease (QL), versions: patient, caregiver, family and the final score. Due to the scalar nature of the data and small sample, all variables were analyzed by nonparametric statistics. The U-Mann Whitney test, Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation test was used, except for the Modified Baecke... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Treinamento com vibração do corpo todo resulta em ganho de força muscular e mobilidade funcional em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Avaliação do perfil antropométrico e de força de jovens jogadores de polo-aquático

The present study aimed to analyze the performance of 'boost' among water polo athletes. Twelve athletes (13,9  1,08 years, 169,0  6,0 cm and 59,5  13,5 kg of bodyweight) were under went to anthropometric assessment, body composition and maximum concentric strength of lower limbs. The jump test in the water was done by 'boost' and scaled to jump height. According to the results of strength (Leg Press 45: 157,08  43,30 kg Leg Extension: 72,08  12,86 kg), anthropometry (arm circumf.: 26,04  3,25 cm, thigh circumf.: 50,47  7,65 cm, sholder circumf.: 95,97  8,00 cm, elbow diam.: 4,74  0,51 cm, wrist diam.: 3,21  0,34 cm, knee diam.: 7,89  0,58 cm, biacromial diam.: 37,49  3,81 cm and bi-iliac diam.: 25,43  4,34 cm) and body composition (BMI: 20,74  4,00 kg / m² and% fat: 8,45  4,28), only stature showed a linear correlation (r= 0,595) to the values of vertical jump (height: 47,80  4,35 cm) performance. This anthropometric variable was one able to influence the height of performance by modifying it self, perhaps by maturity. However maturity may be an implicity feature of performance, since force is a concerned effect of the growth. Otherwise technique could play a mains role to the performance of the 'boost'. It can be conclude that possibly is advantageous for water polo athlete be higher and more mature for the realization of 'boost', and the training directed for the technique, but is necessary muscle fitness for the holder

O nível de esforço físico durante o treinamento coletivo no Futsal na categoria Sub 13

Futsal is one of the most popular sports in Brazil, played on five continents, in hundreds of countries, but is still a poorly studied sports science. Among the types of training used in the preparation of soccer players, the collective training is one of the most used because it is a simulation game. The application of the training load is often made in large quantities (volume) with exercise duration and intensity greater than what the athlete can handle. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the intensity of physical exertion of futsal players of basic category during collective training. We evaluated twenty (N=20) soccer players from two teams with different levels of training. There were ten players on a team federated (FED) and ten players on a team for a project extension (EXT). Samples were collected at the respective locations of training. An evaluation of anthropometric and during collective training heart rate was measured and at the end of each training time blood samples were collected for analysis of blood lactate concentration and perceived exertion of the players. There was significant difference between the two teams only in fat percentage (FED=13,4 e EXT=21,2). The average heart rate during training was 174 ± 12.2 bpm, which corresponds to 84% HRmax. There was significant difference between heart rate and the percentage of HRmax in the two parts of training in both teams. The Federated team players remained most of the time in more intense intensity zone (above 85% HRmax), while the EXT players were most of the time zone of moderate intensity (65-85% HRmax). The rating of perceived exertion (FED=3,5 e EXT=3,2) and blood lactate concentration (FED=2.4 mmol/L and EXT=2.9 mmol/L) showed no significant difference between the two teams and between the two times. During training there was a significant correlation (p= 0.71) between heart rate and lactate concentration. The collective training showed an intensity that is supposed to be...

Influência do método de avaliação no diagnóstico da dor muscular de início tardio após corrida em declive

Several methods are used towards delayed onset muscle soreness appraisal. This study's goal was to investigate, amongst three commonly adopted methods, which one would be the most effective (the one that shows higher values) in the quantification of this phenomenon. 10 male subjects, of age 22.8 ± 3.1 years old, weight 80 ± 12.4 kg, height 174 ± 0.07 cm, without recent experience with strength training (lower limbs) and/or running took place in this study. All subjects carried out a muscle damage induction protocol, which consisted of 30 minute downhill running (-16% or -9.09º) at 80% speed compared to their maximum oxygen consumption. Muscle damage determinants such as isometric peak torque, knee joint range of motion and circumference of the medial portion of the thight were measured before, during, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after downhill running. The subjective pain perception was measured simultaneously with the other determinants through three different tests: sitting on and getting up of a chair; climbing and descending from a 45cm step; and self thigh palpation. After going through all subjective pain perception tests, the subjects filled out a visual analog scale with their perception of pain. Muscle damage changes over time were compared through variance analysis (ANOVA) one way for repeated measures. Subjective pain perception values obtained in all three different tests were compared through two way ANOVAs for repeated numbers. The significance level adopted in this study was z ≤ 0.05. The results showed that the step test was the on which better evaluated the delayed onset muscle soreness. No significant differences were found through the ADM and CIR recovery markers. Downhil running determined reduced of PTI (~22.4%). Significant links between pain were obtained for both subjective pain perception tests starting at 24 and 48 hours, where the highest registered average happened in the step test after 48h, with high...

Avaliação das concentrações séricas de lactato, creatina quinase, aspartato aminotransferase, lactato desidrogenase, parâmetros clínicos e hematológicos de equinos Quarto de Milha submetidos à prova de laço em dupla

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Métodos de avaliação de necessidades nutricionais e consumo de energia em humanos

Para avaliar e planejar dietas para indivíduos e grupos populacionais são necessárias estimativas muito acuradas das necessidades e do consumo de energia. O objetivo foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica das metodologias de determinação das necessidades energéticas para adultos e dos métodos de avaliação do consumo. Em 1918, Harris e Benedict propuseram equações que estimam a necessidade energética basal a partir de calorimetria indireta para indivíduos, depois disso, foram propostas outras equações para o cálculo das necessidades de energia em repouso ou em atividade. Recentemente, a água duplamente marcada é empregada para propor equações mais apropriadas. Contudo, a acurácia destas equações pode ser questionada. Por outro lado, os métodos de avaliação do consumo energético apresentam limitações que demandam cuidado na escolha e aplicação, assim como na interpretação dos resultados. A escolha do método de avaliação depende e pode ser influenciada pela população avaliada, tipo e objetivo do estudo, tempo disponível e do treinamento dos avaliadores. Deste modo, a avaliação do balanço energético está condicionada, tanto às limitações da avaliação através de equações, quanto dos métodos existentes de avaliação do consumo alimentar.

Validação de protocolo sensorial para avaliação de carne bovina

Beef quality control, particularly its sensory characteristics, is an important factor for producers and retailers in order to satisfy consumer’s choices. Sensory analysis is an important tool to evaluate attributes that cannot be measured by easily available instrumental techniques, as well as texture – tenderness and juiciness – whose human perception is more complete, through trained panels. The aim of this study was evaluate the use of a beef sensory analysis protocol in three different laboratories. Six commercial samples of different brands of aged beef and 14 samples from crossbred animals (Bonsmara × Nelore - 7 and Canchim × Nelore - 7), aged during 14 days were analyzed. The samples were distributed to each participant laboratory, where 7 to 12 panelists were trained. A sheet containing a 9 cm non-structured scale with 14 attributes was used. The attributes were brown colour (CMAR); aponevrosis (PNAP); hydration degree (GH); characteristic beef aroma (SCCB); salty taste (SS); liver flavour (SF); fat flavour (SG); metallic flavour (SM); tenderness (MZ); juiciness (SL); fibrosity (FBS) and liver texture (SF). Obtained data was analyzed using analysis of variance and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that there was no interaction between samples and laboratories, indicating that all of them responded in a similar manner in relation to the samples, except PNAP attribute, which was expected as meat is very non-uniform normally. Samples were well differentiated in all laboratories as it could be observed in PCA graphs. With proper training it is possible to use a standard protocol for beef sensory analysis.

Avaliação da potência anaeróbia antes e após o período competitivo ematletas profissionais de futebol

The aim of this study was to examine changes on anaerobic power after competitive period in professional soccer players. Twenty five male was evaluated before (PRE) and after (POS) competitive period. To assess anaerobic power was used running based on anaerobic sprint test (RAST), which were determined the maximum power (MAXP), medium power (MEDP), minimum power (MINP) and fatigue index (FI). The test was performed in the first (PRE) and the last (POS) training session of competitive period, wich lasted 20 weeks. There were no significant difference (p>0,05) in POS condition compared to PRE condition on MAXP (10,70 ± 0,95 vs 10,83 ± 0,87), MINP (8,48 ± 0,92 vs 8,28 ± 0,76), MEDP (9,52 ± 0,83 vs 9,41 ± 0,61) and FI (22,73 ± 7,48 vs 25,53 ± 8,79). There was no significant change on anaerobic power after a competitive period wich lasted 20 weeks in professional soccer players.

Alterações antropométricas de lesados medulares após treinamento intervalado em natação

The goal of this study was to assess the alterations in some anthropometric measures of sedentary subjects with spinal cord injury after a swimming interval training program with the use of a lifejacket. The study included 17 male spinal cord injured subjects, divided into two groups: 11 subjects in the training group (TG) and 6 in the control group (CG).The protocol employed a stroke of breaststroke, in work periods of moderate to severe, and stroke in the back stroke in periods of active recovery. An anthropometric evaluation was applied before the application of the training protocol and another (reevaluation) after 8 weeks. In the TG, the results obtained after the swimming program showed a significant change (p < 0.05) in the supra-iliac (SICF) and in the triciptal cutaneous folds (TCF), arm and waist circumference measures, from the first evaluation to the reevaluation. In the CG there were no significant changes observed in any of the variables studied. When comparing the two groups after the swimming training program, the average of the variable SICFT in the TG was significantly lower than the average for the CG. Generally speaking, the out comings showed the swimming protocol efficiency in promoting desirable anthropometric changes in spinal cord injured subjects while a reduction of fatty tissue in the arms and abdominal region and an increase of muscular tissue in the upper limbs of those subjects also occurred.

A influência da orientação motivacional durante o treinamento de atletas iniciantes no tênis de campo

The motivation in the sport has been one of the most studied subjects nowadays, as much that some authors say that the motivation is the base for the success of an athlete, that is, the psychological part must also well be stimulated so that if it reaches the maximum level of concentration during a game it will obtains the expected result. Tennis is one of the sports that more grew in recent years, and together with this fast ascension also increased the number of interested in researching in this area of the Psychology of the Sport. The present study has as objective to begin the adaptation and validation of the interest scale and to analyze the influence of the motivational orientation of the athletes in the sportive performance of the Tennis through the application of scale Teosq – Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (DUDA, 1992), translated, adapted and validated by Hirota and De Marco (2006), where we can identify if the individual is guided for a task or an ego’s goal. This research was carried through in a situated academy of Tennis in the City of Cotia – SP – Brazil, counting on the participation of 20 citizens with age between 09 and 18 years of both the practicing sexes of Tennis. The calculation of the Alpha Coefficient of Cronbach was adopted as statistical method, in order to identify the trust worthy and validity of the instrument beyond the average of each orientation, to be able to verify the athlete’s motivational orientation. For the analysis of the results, the Alpha Coefficient was observed high, compared with previous studies, reaching values of orientation for the ego of 0,90, and 0,70 of orientation for task. They had been registered the following averages, 4,20 (+0,93) and 2,42 (+0,85), respectively of orientation for task and ego. With those results we can point that, the scale applied with the proposal to identify the motivational orientation of the athletes of Tennis, revealed efficiency, and trust worthy in its application, and in accordance with the results, the athletes are guided for task, revealing self-determination, selfconfident, more creative and they judge its success for the quality of the carried through work.

PROFIX: método de avaliação on-line da proficiência digital

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do consumo alimentar e percepção da imagem corporal de culturistas

In bodybuilding, sport that emerged in Brazil in the 70s, competitors are judged by physical appearance, size and muscle definition. The present study aimed to assess dietary intake, supplement use, and it also investigated body image perceptions of bodybuilders. Practitioners of three different gyms in the state of São Paulo participated in the study. They filled the anamnesis form containing data on food consumption and intake of supplements and also answered a questionnaire on the perception of body image (Satisfaction Scale with Body Appearance). The study showed a considerable food inadequacy with an average of carbohydrate intake of 41.84% ± 10.88%, of lipid, an average of 18.96% ± 6.40% and of protein 39.20% ± 10.41%. In pre-competition, the average of daily carbohydrate intake is reduced to 22.69% ± 12.34%, the lipid increases to 25.68% ± 14.0% and the protein increases to 51.63% ± 10.28%. It was observed that all individuals take some sort of supplement. Considering the perception of body image 60% of the appraised are fully satisfied with the muscular appearance and 40% has greater risk of developing vigorexia. As the bodybuilder has rigid dietary control, it is important nutritional monitoring. So it is necessary a better identification and guidance of risk groups for the development of body image disturbances through specialized professionals such as dieticians, psychologists and coaches for success training, aiming at physical and mental well being of the athletes.