Uma abordagem crítica do conteúdo esporte nas aulas de educação física no ensino médio integrado

Researchers have analyzed how sport is being taught in the classroom as a regular subject and how it is accepted as a pedagogical action at school. This study aims to suggest some pedagogic proposal on the Physical Education subject to High School System which would be planned, formulated, and applied based on some critical approach on teaching, as well as analyzing and thinking over its impact on the students' learning, taking in consideration some conceptual, procedural and attitudinal dimensions to make possible for the students to become more critical so that they will understand how this subject works in contemporary time. .We had three specific blocs to develop our research: Historic, conceptual and cultural elements about sport; Public policies to sport; Individual, group and environmental characteristics. The method of this work was based on qualitative research through some research action. The study was made actually at IFRN (Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte state), in the city of Pau dos Ferros. Students from the second year of the computing course in high school were the participants in the research, there were 37 students from eleven different cities near Pau dos Ferros. They answered some questionares and a Research Diary. From the pedagogical intervention we could prove the students have improved their knowledge about the concept on sport itself, leaving the old idea about sport only as a physical practice such as an activity with rules or as competition, we could prove they have sport as a social-cultural event, involving policies, ideologies as well as historical interferences. Another aspect they mentioned was that sport is the citizens' right and as such there must be public policies pro sports. Understanding that sport transpires on peoples' habits as well as their behavior allowed us to identify its influence on our students' quality of life back in their home towns. Therewith, it is clear the necessity of a pedagogical focus on the content of Physical Education at school to make this subject more meaningful, so that the students will become more critical and reflexive about life and will be able be real citizens

Abordando o sono no ensino médio: proposta de unidade didática contextualizada com o tema saúde

Biological rhythms are part of the life from the simplest to the most complex living beings. In humans, one of the most important biological rhythms is the sleep-wake cycle (SWC), which represents an indispensable behavior for health, since sleep deprivation can lead to deficits in attention and memory, mood and daytime sleepiness which may affect school performance. Nevertheless, the SWC is a content rarely discussed in schools. Thus, the aim of this research was to address contents of the sleep-wake cycle, related to the content of Health to encourage healthy sleep habits. This study was conducted in a public school with 33 students of the 3rd year of high school and is divided into four stages: 1st) Study and analysis of the content of the textbook adopted by the school to subsidize the activities covered in the teaching unit (TU) and approximation with the biology teacher from the class to evaluated the feasibility of schedules for the development of TU; 2nd) Survey of students' prior knowledge, through a questionnaire, to guide the development of the TU; 3rd) Development and implementation of a TU based on meaningful learning and characterization of the students sleep habits, 4th) Evaluation of the TU as a viable proposal to teach biological rhythms concepts. Previous knowledge of students about the SWC are scarce and this content is not covered in the books adopted by the school. Alternative conceptions were observed, particularly with regard to individual differences in sleep, which may contribute to the occurrence of inadequate sleep habits, as reported by the adolescents in this study. The activities developed during UD were well received by the students who showed participative, motivated and evaluated positively the procedures used by the researcher. After the TU, students' knowledge about the concept of biological rhythms has been increased and they started to identify that the SWC changes throughout life and occur due biological and socio-cultural factors. Thus, the UD elaborated in this study represents a viable proposal to teach the concepts of biological rhythms contextualized to the content of Health, in high school

Conteúdos de matemática do ensino médio com abordagem de raciocínio recursivo e questões do ENEM e OBMEP

In this work, we have the purpose of reminding the math teacher of High School the recursive process so that he/she can use this tool to introduce contents, using recursion as an alternative to the teaching of mathematics. For this, we used questions taken from the Exame Nacional do Ensino M´edio (ENEM) [National Examination of High School] and from the Olimp´ıada Brasileira de Matem´atica das Escolas P´ublicas (OBMEP) [Brazilian Mathematics Olympiad of Public Schools], in addition to present some contents of mathematics that are defined by recursion. In this dissertation, we also showed some activities that involved the recursive reasoning and were applied in a 3rd grade class of high school in a public school in Natal / RN.

Da arenga ao debate: o aprimoramento da competência argumentativa por estudantes do ensino médio

In order to understand the factors involved in the improvement process of argumentative competence by students of 2nd year of high school, we undertook a qualitative approach research and interventional nature, during which we adopted the conduct of participant observation in a school belonging to the state schools of Rio Grande do Norte, located on the outskirts of the city of Natal. The analyzed corpus consisted in the interim intervention and entails the answers to a semi-structured questionnaire, fourteen opinion articles and three regrados debates, produced by the students, in addition to video recordings of ten sessions and personal notes pertaining to another six, totaling sixteen sessions observed during the school year 2014. As the most important bibliographical references we study skills and reasoning from the perspective of discursive social interactionism. Analyzing the data we loan the principle of categorization, opting for critical-descriptive presentation and were revealed to us, via the classified evidences, that among the factors involved in the study process, it appears with more relevance to set up an effective intellectual community, which meets in constant interaction subjects, which alternate assuming the conditions of speakers and audience. The constitution of this community depends largely on the teaching mediation and is indispensable to the (re)design of the studied competence, in interactions with her the subjects afforded learn and develop their competence, reshaping the limits of their zone of proximal development.

Da arenga ao debate: o aprimoramento da competência argumentativa por estudantes do ensino médio

In order to understand the factors involved in the improvement process of argumentative competence by students of 2nd year of high school, we undertook a qualitative approach research and interventional nature, during which we adopted the conduct of participant observation in a school belonging to the state schools of Rio Grande do Norte, located on the outskirts of the city of Natal. The analyzed corpus consisted in the interim intervention and entails the answers to a semi-structured questionnaire, fourteen opinion articles and three regrados debates, produced by the students, in addition to video recordings of ten sessions and personal notes pertaining to another six, totaling sixteen sessions observed during the school year 2014. As the most important bibliographical references we study skills and reasoning from the perspective of discursive social interactionism. Analyzing the data we loan the principle of categorization, opting for critical-descriptive presentation and were revealed to us, via the classified evidences, that among the factors involved in the study process, it appears with more relevance to set up an effective intellectual community, which meets in constant interaction subjects, which alternate assuming the conditions of speakers and audience. The constitution of this community depends largely on the teaching mediation and is indispensable to the (re)design of the studied competence, in interactions with her the subjects afforded learn and develop their competence, reshaping the limits of their zone of proximal development.

Transição demográfica e a questão educacional: uma abordagem para o ensino médio do Rio Grande do Norte

Due to demographic transition process, the educational public sector politics formers encounter a highly specific demographic situation because, nowadays, despite the demographic transition, population is still growing because of the demographic inertia; however, due to steady decline in fertility, young population tends to decrease in next years. In this way, aiming to make high school widely accessible in the country, the issue of education quality is highlighted as well the importance of the physical structure of schools and their teaching equipments to confirm a favorable or not environment for developing educational processes. In this way, this work aims to relate the enrollment of students as school types with the demand of young people who will be able to attend high school on the Rio Grande do Norte state by the year of 2020, emphasizing teaching unities structural aspects, from a school profiling to the design of three prospective alternatives. So, from INEP's Scholar Census data and IBGE population's projections, this work is composed by four stages: i) literature review about research related subjects; ii) database design and build; iii) school profiling; and, iv) prospective alternatives creation. As results, three alternatives relate potential demand and enrollment using the built profiles and they are: i) “Alternative A” attends PEE's requirements related to demands but do not provide improvements in the school structural aspects; ii) “Alternative B” points into an increase of enrollment offering to the detriment of school's structural conditions which are offered to these students; iii) “Alternative C” propitiates a quantitative enrollment increasing combined with improvements on school's physical structure. These alternatives help to support decision making related to goals and realization of universal access with physical conditions which are necessary to a favorable environment to educational activity development.

Uma proposta para o ensino das estações do ano com base em um referencial topocêntrico

Studies carried out in several countries have confirmed the students’ difficulty in explaining the causes of the seasons of the year, and most of times their learning takes place incorrectly. The seasons of the year have been generally treated in didactic books apart from people´s routine, based on the heliocentric system, what demands abstraction to understand the phenomenon. Before this difficulty, it is necessary to think about a teaching proposal which allows the students to realize the environmental characteristics and its changes over time, as well as the seasons themselves. Thus, our goal was to work from the perspective of the observer on the terrestrial surface, therefore using the topocentric system. For that, we constructed a didactic sequence, grounded in Ausubel´s meaningful learning theory (2003) and in Moreira´s critical meaningful learning theory (2010), which was applied to students in 9th grade of elementary school and in 2th grade of high school at Escola Estadual Jerônimo Arantes, in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, owing to their previous knowledge and alternative conceptions, which were collected via interviews. Afterwards, to evaluate the applied methodology, we made new interviews, by which we realized improvement in learning in relation to the characteristics of the seasons based on Sun´s apparent path, which we attribute to reference the change of observation and the means to obtain data on the volume of rainfall and average temperature in the city throughout the year. On the other hand, there are points that were not highlighted in learning, such as the link between winter and rainy season and the causes of the seasons, points left to be discussed in future investigations.

Uma proposta para o ensino das estações do ano com base em um referencial topocêntrico

Studies carried out in several countries have confirmed the students’ difficulty in explaining the causes of the seasons of the year, and most of times their learning takes place incorrectly. The seasons of the year have been generally treated in didactic books apart from people´s routine, based on the heliocentric system, what demands abstraction to understand the phenomenon. Before this difficulty, it is necessary to think about a teaching proposal which allows the students to realize the environmental characteristics and its changes over time, as well as the seasons themselves. Thus, our goal was to work from the perspective of the observer on the terrestrial surface, therefore using the topocentric system. For that, we constructed a didactic sequence, grounded in Ausubel´s meaningful learning theory (2003) and in Moreira´s critical meaningful learning theory (2010), which was applied to students in 9th grade of elementary school and in 2th grade of high school at Escola Estadual Jerônimo Arantes, in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, owing to their previous knowledge and alternative conceptions, which were collected via interviews. Afterwards, to evaluate the applied methodology, we made new interviews, by which we realized improvement in learning in relation to the characteristics of the seasons based on Sun´s apparent path, which we attribute to reference the change of observation and the means to obtain data on the volume of rainfall and average temperature in the city throughout the year. On the other hand, there are points that were not highlighted in learning, such as the link between winter and rainy season and the causes of the seasons, points left to be discussed in future investigations.

Geometria espacial no ensino médio: sugestões de atividades e avaliações para o conteúdo de prismas e pirâmides

Este Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso sugere uma sequência de atividades para desenvolver conteúdos de Geometria Espacial, particularmente prismas e pirâmides, com alunos do Ensino Médio, priorizando a visualização dos sólidos no espaço, identificando as diferenças quanto ao formato e às características de seus elementos, sem a necessidade de memorização de fórmulas. Enfatiza-se também a importância da recapitulação de conceitos da Geometria Plana e da forma de avaliar a aprendizagem. A cada ano que passa, os alunos estão encontrando cada vez mais dificuldades na Matemática Básica e isto tem consequência direta na aprendizagem por parte desses alunos nos conteúdos relativos ao Ensino Médio. Muitas vezes os alunos conseguem entender o que o professor explica, mas não conseguem resolver os exercícios. Para verificar a veracidade desta afirmação, foi realizada uma pesquisa através de um questionário com professores que trabalham com Geometria Espacial em sete escolas de Ensino Médio da cidade de Rio Grande, RS. Este trabalho pretende sugerir atividades simples que introduzem e complementam o conteúdo que encontra-se nos livros didáticos tradicionais, que os professores, mesmo com poucos recursos, podem realizar com seus alunos no sentido de tentar contornar essas dificuldades. Pretende-se também ressaltar a importância da exigência por parte dos professores por ocasião de suas avaliações, a fim de que seja preservada a qualidade do ensino.

Estudo da circunferência no ensino médio: sugestões de atividades com a utilização do software geogebra

Esta dissertação propõe sete atividades acerca do estudo da circunferência para alunos do Ensino Médio. A maioria das atividades propostas utilizam o software gratuito de geometria dinâmica GeoGebra como ferramenta de aprendizagem. Programa com diversas vantagens. Além da concepção da geometria dinâmica, a associação entre Geometria e Álgebra, relação enfatizada até no seu nome. As atividades sugeridas abordam os seguintes conteúdos: equações da circunferência (reduzida e geral), análise da equação completa do 2o grau a duas variáveis, método de completar quadrados para reestabelecimento do centro e medida do raio da circunferência, posição relativa entre ponto e circunferência, reta e circunferência e entre duas circunferências. No presente trabalho consta ainda uma análise de alguns livros didáticos para ciência do que está sendo oportunizado ao professor como subsídio para suas aulas. Associamos esta análise também com a argumentação de que o produto deste trabalho é inovador. Mostraremos também a análise das atividades que embasaram a proposta desse trabalho quando aplicadas nas turmas de 3o ano do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Campus Rio Grande, assim como os resultados de uma pesquisa feita sobre os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos sobre geometria do Ensino Fundamental, especificamente relacionados ao círculo.

A biblioteca escolar como agente incentivador da leitura: o caso dos alunos do ensino médio da Escola Pública Estadual Centro Profissionalizante Deputado Antonio Cabral (CPDAC) e a análise de seus hábitos de leitura

Ler proporciona ao indivíduo novas descobertas. Com a leitura o indivíduo passa a adquirir práticas e conhecimentos, modificando a sua percepção do mundo. A leitura é uma porta que abre passagem para diversos universos diferentes. Além da informação inicial a visão pessoal do leitor irá determinar novos pensamentos, irá criar diferentes interpretações, recriará ideias, ela dá significado à vida e ao papel de cada um diante a sociedade em que está inserido. A capacidade de ler do aluno, quando ele é ainda criança, está veiculada com a biblioteca e o bibliotecário escolar, fortalecendo o ensino do professor em sala de aula oferecendo ao estudante novas informações de forma dinâmica e criativa. O bibliotecário escolar tem um papel fundamental na formação intelectual do aluno. Para que se tenham resultados satisfatórios, quando se trata da formação de leitores na escola, é preciso que se tenha uma biblioteca escolar bem estruturada e um profissional bibliotecário capacitado. A biblioteca precisa sempre esta com o seu acervo atualizado para oferecer condições de trabalho para o profissional bibliotecário, fazendo com que ele cative e estimule os alunos a irem mais vezes na biblioteca, pois lá é o espaço de aquisição dos conhecimentos. O presente artigo apresentou a relação e o hábito de leitura desses estudantes do 1° e 3° ano do ensino médio da escola pública estadual CPDAC.

Significância histórica e as questões de gênero no ensino de história: um estudo de caso sobre as narrativas dos estudantes no ensino médio da Escola Professor Lorea Pinto

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar como os estudantes da turma de história do terceiro ano do ensino médio, da Escola Estadual Professor Carlos Lorea Pinto, situada em Rio Grande, elaboram narrativas no intuito de significar as questões de gênero através do pensamento histórico. Este trabalho segue as premissas teóricas da educação histórica e discute conceitos de significância, consciência histórica e narrativa, assim como faz uma reflexão sobre as questões de gênero, corpo e sexualidade no ensino de história. A metodologia deste trabalho contempla os pressupostos de pesquisas desenvolvidas na educação histórica, sendo um trabalho de cunho qualitativo que tem com objeto de análise as narrativas dos estudantes e está dividido em três fases. A primeira fase corresponde a questionamentos que busquem identificar as ideias prévias dos estudantes sobre gênero e ao contato dos estudantes com as fontes históricas selecionadas, essas fontes são o livro didático e um jornal. Através da utilização do próprio livro didático como fonte histórica e do contato como um jornal feminino do inicio século XX – o jornal riograndino Corymbo – os alunos irão elaborar e estruturar suas visões a respeito das questões de gênero. A segunda fase desta pesquisa diz respeito à produção de narrativas dos estudantes. Neste momento os alunos irão mobilizar seus pensamentos históricos para a produção de narrativas em formatos de jornais sobre a mulher. Por fim a terceira parte aborda a investigação destas narrativas e dos questionamentos feitos aos alunos, através da utilização da metodologia de análise de conteúdo. Este trabalho visa contribuir para que haja maior conhecimento sobre a forma como os estudantes apreendem história e demonstrar a importância da competência narrativa e da reflexão sobre as relações de gênero para o ensino de história.

Contributos para a análise do ensino médio brasileiro: finalidades curriculares e rendimento escolar - o caso de uma escola pública de Fortaleza

Este estudo, configurou uma investigação de perfil misto, procurando congregar contributos qualitativos e quantitativos, tem como principal objetivo à análise do Ensino Médio brasileiro tentando verificar se as metas que este nível de ensino preconiza estão atendendo às expectativas educacionais de um público diversificado de alunos numa escola pública de Fortaleza. Para tal, realizamos a análise de entrevistas semiestruturadas a doze professores, e aplicamos questionários a 60 professores. Procedemos, também, à análise documental do Projeto Político Pedagógico da escola, das Diretrizes Curriculares e Orientações Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio, do Mapa Curricular da escola, bem como, o Relatório de notas dos alunos e a classificação dos mesmos no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) referentes ao ano de 2012. O estudo evidencia a importância das estratégias de ensino, nomeadamente, a meritocracia no contexto escolar, a avaliação interna e externa nas dimensões: ensino aprendizagem e resultados do rendimento escolar, formação e prática docente, o trabalho da equipe escolar, a estrutura da escola, e ainda, a gestão e autonomia nas escolas, mas principalmente, as ideias dos participantes do estudo sobre a importância de trabalhar com uma estrutura de ensino vocacionado composto por áreas e disciplinas que atenda as intenções profissionais e acadêmicas do aluno; ABSTRACT: This study, set up a mixed profile research, looking gather qualitative and quantitative contributions, aims to analyze the Brazilian high school trying to understand if the goals that this level of education advocates are meeting the educational expectations of a diverse audience of students in public school in Fortaleza. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews to twelve teachers, e apply questionnaires to 60 teachers. Proceeded, too, the documentary analysis of the school Pedagogical Policy Project, the National Curriculum Guidelines and Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary Education, Curriculum Map of the school and the students' notes Report and the classification thereof in the Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) the brazilian national examination to High School graduates for the year 2012. The study highlights the importance of teaching strategies in particular meritocracy in the school context, internal and external evaluation dimensions: teaching and learning results in school performance, training and teaching practice, the work of the school team, the school structure, and also the management and autonomy in schools, but mainly the ideas of the study participants about on the importance of working with a vocationed teaching structure consists of areas and disciplines that will meet future professional and academic intentions of the student.

A transição do ensino básico para o ensino secundário: um contributo para o estudo das dificuldades de aprendizagem dos alunos do 10º ano

Dissertação de mest. em Observação e Análise da Relação Educativa, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Univ. do Algarve, 2003

Água como tema CTS no ensino médio : uma proposição

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Física, Instituto de Química, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências, Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Ciências, 2016.