Lições fora de casa - imigração como forma de aprendizado

Quando retornam aos seus respectivos países de origem, parte significativa dos imigrantes leva consigo bens físicos – especialmente economias em dinheiro – contatos sociais e uma grande experiência de vida. Expostos a novos aprendizados, têm a possibilidade de aumentar seu “capital cultural e social”. Viver em outro país e conhecer outras formas de sociedade é parte da motivação individual e do imaginário social da condição imigrante. Geralmente impulsionados por necessidades econômicas, os emigrantes brasileiros saem do país aspirando um breve retorno. Com esta finalidade, enviam dinheiro periodicamente para compra de imóveis, ou outra forma que lhes permita abrir um pequeno negócio ao voltarem. Muitos deles sonham em fazer uso das habilidades e conhecimentos adquiridos no exterior para abrir seu próprio negócio, ou desenvolver uma nova aptidão (ou estilo) de trabalho. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é compreender de que modo os brasileiros retornados estão “empreendendo” a rica experiência de vida que a emigração a eles proporcionou, tanto em termos de capital físico quanto capital cultural, assim como conhecer as dificuldades e potencialidades a serem exploradas, tendo-se em vista as remessas em dinheiro e o uso das habilidades adquiridas nas localidades para onde retornam.

Relatório de estágio sobre a intervenção pedagógica realizada na Escola Básica do 1º Ciclo com Pré-Escolar Nazaré

Este relatório tem como principal objetivo apresentar a intervenção pedagógica realizada, em situação de estágio, a Educação Pré-Escolar e o Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. A sua estrutura assenta em duas partes distintas. A primeira parte consiste numa apresentação teórica de temas intimamente relacionados com a prática docente, tal como as perspetivas sobre a escola e o “ser professor”. Incido ainda sobre os fundamentos teóricos referentes às opções metodológicas que deram corpo à intervenção pedagógica, sendo estes propulsores da ação educativa. A segunda e última parte remetem o leitor para a intervenção educativa em ambos os contextos. Ao longo desta Parte II faço uma descrição das atividades, tendo esta um suporte teórico e reflexivo. Concluo o relatório com algumas considerações finais, que sintetizam a minha ação reflexiva ao longo deste trabalho.

Efeito da idade materna sobre os resultados perinatais

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre a idade materna e a ocorrência de resultados perinatais adversos na população do Rio Grande do Norte. Métodos: foram analisados os registros oficiais de 57.088 nascidos vivos no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte no ano de 1997. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos do Ministério da Saúde. A população estudada foi dividida em Grupos I, II e III, segundo a faixa etária materna: 10 a 19, 20 a 34 e 35 anos ou mais, respectivamente. As variáveis analisadas foram: duração da gestação, peso ao nascer e tipo de parto. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando-se o teste c2. Resultados: observamos uma maior incidência de parto pré-termo no Grupo I (4,3 %), em comparação ao Grupo II (3,7%) (p = 0,0028). A taxa de cesariana foi menor nos Grupos I e III, em comparação ao Grupo II (p<0,0001). Evidenciamos freqüência significativamente maior de recém-nascidos de baixo peso nos Grupos I (8,4%) e III (8,3%), quando comparados ao Grupo II (6,5%) (p<0,0001). Conclusões: a gravidez nos extremos da vida reprodutiva esteve associada com maior freqüência de parto pré-termo e baixo peso ao nascer, entretanto, com relação ao tipo de parto, foi observada maior freqüência de parto normal do que no grupo de gestantes com idade entre 20 e 34 anos

Depois das fronteiras: a formação dos espaços de pobreza na periferia norte de Natal-RN

The periphery of the city of Natal was built during the last 20 years, trough informal land developments. This dissertation analyses the urbanization of Natal`s North Zone, the largest residential area in the city where 40% of the population lives. This urban space is characterized as a space of poverty because of its majority of low income dwellers as well as lack of infrastructure. The main objective here is to identify and characterize this space as well as resulting segregation. Variables as income, space morphology, residential typology and the history of real estate development as well as dweller`s history of life are analysed

Repercussões psico-sociais da síndrome dos ovários policísticos: estudo quali-quantitativo

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrame (PCOS) has been shown to cause a reduction in quality of life. Little is known on the psychosocial aspects associated with PCOS, especially on women s own experiences regarding the syndrome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the psychosocial impact of PCOS by measuring the health-related quality of life and exploring the women s own experiences of PCOS. METHODS: A two-phase model of combination of quantitative and qualitative research approaches was conducted, a crass-sectional survey to pravide quantitative data on the quality of life and a qualitative approach to understand the women s experience in relation to the PC OS sympt?ms. For the first phase, 109 women with PC OS and 104 healthy contrais were evaluated with the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Additionally, semi-structured interviews (n=30) were conducted to facilitate in-depth exploration of PC OS women s experience. RESUL TS: PCOS patients showed significant reductions in almost ali SF-36 domains of quality of life when compared with healthy contrais (physical function 76.5:!:20.5 and 84.6:!:15.9, respectively; physical rale function 56.4:!:43.3 and 72.6:!:33.3; general health 55.2:!:21.0 and 62.5:!:17.2; vitality 49.6:!:21.3 and 55.3:!:21.3; social function 55.3:!:32.4 and 66.2:!:26.7; emotional rale function 34.2:!:39.7 and 52.9:!:38.2; mental health 50.6:!:22.8 and 59.2:!:20.2). Thematic analysis revealed reports of feeling abnormal , sadness, afraid and anxiety. These feelings were related to four symptoms commonly experienced by women with PCOS: excess hair grawth; irregular or absent menstruation, infertility and obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Polycystic ovary syndrame impacts women both physically and psychosocially. Owing to this, women with PCOS need not only medical treatment for. the reproductive, esthetic and metabolic repercussions, but also the care of a multidisciplinary team, since PCOS is not just a physical condition, but also an important psychosocial problem that affects various aspects of a woman s life

A experiência da pré-eclâmpsia vivenciada por gestantes e profissionais de saúde

The aim of this study is to understand the perceptions of pregnant women, mothers and health professional about preeclampsia and the relation between professional and patient. A qualitative approach was chosen, together with semi-structured interviews, participative observation and Test of Free Association of Words (TFAW). The data were collected in February and June 2007 at Maternidade-Escola Januário Cicco (MEJC), Natal, RN, Brazil with 61 pregnant women and 87 professionals, 20 of each group were interviewed. An interpretative and understanding perspective was used similar to that of Gadamer s hermeneutics and with the construction of themes and empirical categories. The pregnant women showed fear preeclampsia and its consequences, and to know very little about the subject and also a desire to know more. The changes that occurred with the illness were more related to the emotional order than to the healthy lifestyle they have adopted. Some lack of preparation of the basic units was observed, in order to meet and guide the pregnant women to the reference unit. Professionals knew the customers characteristics, about their fear and about their little knowledge on this illness. Nevertheless, they did not include them in the treatment. It was observed the absence of conversation over the illness between professionals and patients and also the inability of the former to deal with emotional issues. A new way of looking into the preeclampsia assistance is necessary. A way that focuses on the collective construction of intervention and approach strategies; one which includes subjective aspects in an hermeneutic perspective of health

Doença cardiovascular em mulheres com histórico de pré-eclâmpsia e seguimento no sistema único de saúde

The aim of the present study was to analyze cardiovascular risk of women with a history of preeclampsia, as well as its follow-upin the National Health System.This is a cross-sectional quantitative research conducted at the Januário Cicco Maternity School. The study population was composed of 573 women selected from a databank belonging to the Women s Health Research Group of the Gynecology Department at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, with a history of preeclampsia, and normotensives who gave birth at this institution five years before. The final sample consisted of 147 women, 64 in the group with a history of PE and 83 normotensives. Data were collected on a questionnaire containing the following: sociodemographic aspects, anthropometric measures, life habits, personal and family history of pregnancy-induced hypertension, family history of cardiovascular diseases and frequency of measuring current blood pressure levels. In relation to the association between cardiovascular risk and altered blood pressure (≥130x85 mmHg), the likelihood of exhibiting the latter condition was significantly higher in women with a history of preeclampsia (CI 95% 4.12-38.92), the overweight and obese (CI 95% 1.70-20.75), and in those with a family historyof CVD and personal history of PIH (CI 95% 0.78-47.07 and CI 95% 3.20-25.39) respectively. Likewise, the probability of having altered blood pressure was higher in women with fasting glycemia ≥100mg/dL (CI 95% 2.09-24.73), as well as in those with triglycerides ≥150mg/dl (CI 95% 1.72-9.66). After fitting the logistic model, diagnosis previous preeclampsia and altered triglycerides remained as explanatory variables.The women with a history of preeclampsia five years before exhibited altered blood pressure levels, clinical and laboratory manifestations suggestive of elevated risk for cardiovascular disease, as well as family and personal history of hypertension. There is no differential treatment or adequate outpatient follow-up for this population in basic health care units

Microemulsões aplicadas ao tratamento de Óleos isolantes

Naphthenic lubricating oils are used in transformers with the purpose of promoting electrical insulation and dissipating heat. The working temperature range of these oils typically lies between 60°C and 90°C and their useful life is 40 years in average. In that temperature range, the oils are decomposed during operation, whereby a small fraction of polar compounds are formed. The presence of these compounds may induce failure and loss of physical, chemical and electrical properties of the oil, thus impairing the transformer operation. By removing these contaminants, one allows the oxidized insulating oil to be reused without damaging the equipment. In view of this, an investigation on the use of surfactants and microemulsions as extracting agents, and modified diatomite as adsorbent, has been proprosed in this work aiming to remove polar substances detected in oxidized transformer oils. The extraction was carried out by a simple-contact technique at room temperature. The system under examination was stirred for about 10 minutes, after which it was allowed to settle at 25°C until complete phase separation. In another experimental approach, adsorption equilibrium data were obtained by using a batch system operating at temperatures of 60, 80 and 100°C. Analytical techniques involving determination of the Total Acidity Number (TAN) and infrared spectrophotometry have been employed when monitoring the decomposition and recovery processes of the oils. The acquired results indicated that the microemulsion extraction system comprising Triton® X114 as surfactant proved to be more effective in removing polar compounds, with a decrease in TAN index from 0.19 to 0.01 mg KOH/g, which is consistent with the limits established for new transformer oils (maximal TAN = 0.03 mg KOH/g). In the adsorption studies, the best adsorption capacity values were as high as 0.1606 meq.g/g during conventional adsoprtion procedures using natural bauxite, and as high as 0.016 meq.g/g for the system diatomite/Tensiofix® 8426. Comparatively in this case, a negative effect could be observed on the adsorption phenomenon due to microemulsion impregnation on the surface of the diatomite

Análise das provas objetivas de química dos vestibulares da UFRN de 1997 a 2010: uma caracterização a partir das mudanças

Las pruebas de vestibular, en los últimos años en el Brasil, han sido objeto de diversas investigaciones, considerando que ese proceso selectivo es una de las vias para ingresar en las universidades públicas y termina por influenciar la enseñanza en las escuelas. De esa forma, algunos vestibulares han pasado por cambios, de un simple proceso selectivo clasificatorio a un proceso fundamentado en reflexiones sociológica, pedagógica y crítica, lo que ha promovido cuestionamientos respecto del aprendizaje y de su papel en la escuela. Delante de esa realidad, la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande del Norte (UFRN) ha implementado cambios en sus vestibulares procurando una aproximación a las Orientaciones Curriculares Nacionales, como los PCNEM, los PCN+ y las OCEM. Siendo así, el objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar el avance cualitativo en las pruebas de preguntas objetivas a partir de los cambios ocurridos en el vestibular de la UFRN en el periodo de 1997 a 2010, definiéndose las siguientes cuestiones de estudio: ¿Cuáles son los tipos de preguntas que caracterizan las pruebas objetivas de Química del vestibular? ¿Cuáles cuestiones presentan las mayores dificultades para los candidatos? ¿Cuáles son los contenidos conceptuales privilegiados? ¿En qué tipo de preguntas los candidatos presentan mayores índices de éxitos? ¿Qué diferencias pueden ser establecidas entre las preguntas antes y después del periodo que establece los cambios en el vestibular de la UFRN? Las discusiones teóricas del estudio están fundamentadas en las siguientes referencias: PCNEM (BRASIL, 1999), PCN+ (BRASIL, 2001), OCEM (BRASIL, 2006), Zabala (1999), Jiménez Aleixandre et al. (2003), Pozo (1999), Álvarez de Zayas (1992), Núñez (2009), Relatorios Comperve/UFRN (1997 a 2010), e en relación a las evaluaciones: Pasquali et al. (2003), Silva y Núñez (2008), Marín y Benarrouch (2009). Para el estudio fueran construidas las siguientes categorías que permitieran el análisis de las cuestiones: contextualización de la cuestión, temas conceptuales, problema, representación semiótica, cálculo matemático, pertinencia de la cuestión e índice de acierto. Los resultados muestran un avance cualitativo de las preguntas de Química, en los cuales se observa un modelo de prueba que prioriza el uso de verdaderos problemas, de situaciones contextualizadas, de pocos cálculos, dándose prioridad al razonamiento que implica la comprensión, la aplicación y la interpretación de los conocimientos conceptuales, todo lo que puede estimular una enseñanza más adecuada en relación a las exigencias actuales de la Educación en Química

A tessitura da memória em o vendedor de passados de José Eduardo Agualusa

In the study of African literature in Portuguese language, the theme importance of memory is done by contact those literary works have with the context in which they operate. This study aims to reflect how memory as social element becomes an agent of the composition of literary structure in the O Vendedor de Passados (2004), by José Eduardo Agualusa. Therefore, we have as reference the critical method developed by Antonio Candido (1976), regarding the critical dialectic, in order to understand how such a throwback acts in the structuring of the romance in a relationship with both structural and thematic elements. Firstly, it presents a panoramic reading the Angolan literary scene in the post-independence, relating this context with the route of writing of José Eduardo Agualusa. Then it performs the analysis of the relationships between narratives categories - narrator, characters, space, time - and the memorial element, keeping in mind that these categories would be constructed in dialogue with the memory. Lastly, there is the reflection on the dynamics between fiction and reality apprehended in novelistic discourse in which a seller of past figures in an analysis that takes place from the skeptical look on this work. As a theoretical approach, we highlight mainly readings: Hampaté-Bâ (2010), Laura Padilla (2007), Tania Macêdo (2008) for the observation of the specific African context quickened in the novel; Tedesco (2004), Halbwachs (2006), Le Goff (2003) regarding the conceptualisation of memory; and Landesman (2006), Krause (2004), Gai (1997) in cutting the skeptical outlook with which the romance dialogues

Análise das dificuldades de aprendizagem numa disciplina de química orgânica do curso de química na modalidade à distância da UFRN

In today`s society the use of so-called information technology and communication (ICT), is promoting a revolution in the forms of teaching and learning through the methods of distance learning courses, especially in higher education. Studies show that students in this way have great difficulties in the learning process, especially when dealing with experimental subjects that require high power of abstraction as chemistry. The goal of this work is to promote improvement in the teaching and learning in the discipline Chemistry of Life offered for the Bachelor`s Degree in Chemistry in distance UFRN. For this we analyzed evidence of the semester 2011.2, in order to identify what are the main difficulties of the students on the assessments. That`s why video lessons related to matters that create the majority of difficulties for students were developed, the final product this work. Being obtained the improvements by video classes in the learning process of the students, from a questionnaire answered by the students in the virtual learning environment, and from their success rate at the end of the course

Qualidade de vida de pacientes com deformidade dentofacial

In the last decade, an increasing number of studies focusing on the impact of oral deformities on quality of life have been published. However, the evaluation of patients at different phases of the treatment has not been performed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact that dentofacial deformities have on patients` quality of life, as well as the influence exerted by social, economic, demographic and orthodontic factors, type and severity of malocclusion. A bicentric study - of the cross-sectional type of repeated panels - involving two cities - Natal and Rio de Janeiro - was carried out. A total of 227 patients participated in the study: 71 patients in the initial phase of the treatment (before any orthosurgical procedure), 115 patients in the pre-surgical (with braces) phase and 41 patients in the postoperative phase. The quality of life was measured using the Orthognatic Quality of Life Questionnnaire - OQLQ, translated and validated into Portuguese. The normative and aesthetic need for treatment was assessed with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI); the social, economic and demographic factors, the type of service and malocclusion were also assessed. The data were analyzed through χ2/ Fisher`s exact test to seek the association between the nominal categorical variables in the three phases of treatment, Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test for gauging the existence of significant differences between two and three groups regarding each domain of OQLQ, respectively. For all tests, it was adopted a significance level of 5%. There was a statistically significant difference (p <0.001) in the general scores of OQLQ and in the domains of social aspects, facial aesthetics and oral function, when the "postoperative group" was compared to the "initial" and "orthodontic preparation" groups. Women, single, aged between 31 and 59 and living in Natal had the greatest impact on quality of life among patients in the "orthodontic preparation" group. Only the variable "income" (2 to 3 minimum wages), for the "initial" group, and gender (female) for the "postoperative" group, showed significant association with quality of life. The normative variable IOTN (DHC and AC) showed significant association with the OQLQ for the "initial" group, and the IOTN-AC-auto in the group of orthodontic preparation, being less important to women. We conclude that the ortho-surgical therapy has positive effects on quality of life after orthognathic surgery

Influência das condições de saúde bucal no desempenho das atividades diárias de adolescentes escolares

Instruments are used in odontology to measure the Quality of Life Related to Oral Health (OHRQoL) to scale how the oral condition interferes with functional areas, of the people s psychological and social life. This cross-sectional study, held in Natal/RN, with 215 students from the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN) has investigated the association between the performance of daily activities and oral health status of school adolescents from 15 to 19 years of age, through the normative index DMFT (permanent teeth decayed, missing and filled), CPI (Community Periodontal Index) and DAI (dental Aesthetic Index) and subjective questionnaire assessment of quality of life related oral health OIDP index (oral impacts on daily performance). It was also carried out the socioeconomic characteristics of students through IFRN own data. Concerning the analysis of data was performed a descriptive analysis of the variables by their absolute and relative frequencies and measures of central tendency. The chi-square test was used to assess the association between the dependent variable and the independent categorical variables and the Student t test for quantitative. It was also conducted a further multiple analysis out using Poisson regression with robust variance between the outcome "presence of impact" and the independent variables that showed p <0.20. It was used for all the statistical tests a significance level of 5%. Among the adolescents surveyed, 51.16% reported that at least one activity assessed by OIDP had hampered its implementation due to some dental problem. The difficulties were more pronounced in the activities of eating (31.6%), oral hygiene (25.6%) and smile (25.1%).The tooth position, followed by toothache, were the causes of the impacts reported by most teenagers. There was a significant association between the presence and impact of the presence of one or more decayed teeth (p = 0.012), the presence of gum bleeding (p = 0.012) and for orthodontic treatment (p = 0.003), independently of other variables. There was no significant association between oral health status and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the adolescents. The survey results showed that there is an association between oral health status of the population studied and reports of difficulties in carrying out daily activities evaluated. The worse the oral health status, the greater the impact of this condition on the adolescents quality of life

Giving up reporting the aggressor: reports of female victims of domestic violence

The goal of this study is to describe the experience of female victims of domestic violence, who forfeited the lawsuits against their aggressors. The interviews were oriented by the question: What was your experience of forfeiting the denunciation of your aggressor? Three themes emerged from the convergence of the testimonies: time passed from the aggression to the denunciation and then to the forfeiting; the partner, the family, the women's precinct; reflecting about the experience, which described the studied phenomenon. The women expressed ambiguous feelings for their aggressor: affection, anger, humiliation and fear. They recognize that they are dominated and humiliated, but notions of justice and equality between spouses do not appear in the testimonies. Forfeiting can be understood in the context of the reproduction of the traditional family structure, conditioned to economic and social factors. Results highlight implications about the role of the Women's Precinct and the healthcare institutions in the care for women who were victims of domestic violence.

Nucleotídeos na dieta de frangos de corte e seus efeitos sobre taxa de turnover da mucosa intestinal antes e após lesões causadas por coccidiose

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)