Submicroscopical features of leaves of xyris species

The leaf infrastructure of five Xyris species were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and histochemical methods. All studied leaves show some features in epidermis and mesophyll, which were of considerable adaptative significance to drought stress. Such features included the occurrence of a pectic layer on the stomatal guard cells and the presence of a nehvork ofpectic compounds in the cuticle. Pectic compunds were also in abundance in lamellated walls of the mesophyll cells and on the inner surface of the sclerified cell walls of the vascular bundle sheaths. There were also specialized chlorenchymatous peg cells in the mesophyll and drops of phenolic compounds inside the epidermal cells.

Classificação automática de padrões projetados por um sistema de luz estruturada

One of the main problems in Computer Vision and Close Range Digital Photogrammetry is 3D reconstruction. 3D reconstruction with structured light is one of the existing techniques and which still has several problems, one of them the identification or classification of the projected targets. Approaching this problem is the goal of this paper. An area based method called template matching was used for target classification. This method performs detection of area similarity by correlation, which measures the similarity between the reference and search windows, using a suitable correlation function. In this paper the modified cross covariance function was used, which presented the best results. A strategy was developed for adaptative resampling of the patterns, which solved the problem of deformation of the targets due to object surface inclination. Experiments with simulated and real data were performed in order to assess the efficiency of the proposed methodology for target detection. The results showed that the proposed classification strategy works properly, identifying 98% of targets in plane surfaces and 93% in oblique surfaces.

Estruturas secretoras de Pavonia alnifolia (Malvaceae), uma espécie ameaçada de extinção

Malvaceae shows a rich morphological diversity of secretory structures, which are of great ecological and taxonomical relevance. Nonetheless, until the present moment, studies on the secretory structures of the studied species were not found. Pavonia alnifolia A.St.-Hil. is endangered species of extinction with restricted distribution within the restingas of Rio the Janeiro and Espírito Santo, Brazil. The species were collected from the former and usual techniques on plant anatomy and histochemistry were performed. Anatomical and histochemical studies of the secretory structures of Pavonia alnifolia are showed in this work. The presence of external and internal secretory structures of mucilage in many organs, idioblasts of phenolic and lipid substances and floral nectaries what is a very important adaptative survival mechanism of the species in the restinga environment. The secretion produced by nectaries is envolved with maintenance of interations with visiting insects, what constitutes a good model to experimental studies with an ecological approach.

Alterações da densidade mineral óssea em vértebras de ratos wistar submetidos à ausência de carga nos membros pélvicos

The suspension of rats by the tail model is used to investigate the behavior of bone in animals unable to move around. Bone is an adaptative tissue that develops in structure and function, among other factors, in response to mechanical forces applied to it and metabolic demands that it will suffer. The absence of mechanical forces and deformation of bone that occurs causes a decrease in calcium deposition in the absence of stimuli on osteoblasts and osteocytes, favoring the action of osteoclasts, making bones weak and brittle. Therefore, the mechanical action is necessary to stimulate local bone response and thus provide growth and remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluable by radiographic densitometry, the tail suspension for 15 and 36 days alter the bone mineral density of cervical vertebrae (C3), thoracic (T6) and lumbar (L1 and L3) of Wistar rats. Thirty Rattus norvegicus albinus, adult, male, Wistar strain, average body mass ± 350g, were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 10) - not suspended; S15 (n = 10) - suspended for 15 days and S36 (n = 10) - suspended for 36 days. For densitometric analysis vertebrae were radiographed, scanned, digitized and analyzed by the computer program ImageJ®. There was a statistically significant increase in bone mineral density in group S15, probably by the restlessness of the animals to the suspension, with a decrease in group S36, and this hypothetically is linked to the accommodation of the rats, concluding that the tail suspension altered bone mineral density in first time with a decrease over time.

Cellular responses in the Malpighian tubules of Scaptotrigona postica (Latreille, 1807) exposed to low doses of fipronil and boric acid

Studies of sub-lethal effects of pesticide residues on stingless bees are scarce and morphological analysis of organs would add information to toxicological analysis in order to clarify the continuous exposure of Scaptotrigona postica to insecticides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology and histochemistry of the Malpighian tubules (excretory organ) of S. postica exposed to fipronil or boric acid to detect cellular responses that indicate toxicity or adaptative mechanisms to stress induced by exposure of worker bees to low doses of these chemical compounds. Newly emerged bees were submitted to toxicological bioassays and morphological analyses by optical microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy, as well as histochemical methods, were performed to detect proteins and glycoconjugates. Additionally, immunohistochemical detection of DNA fragmentation and HSP70 (70-kDa Heat shock protein) were performed to detect cell death and stress response, respectively. Statistical analysis, for the bioassays conducted with ingestion of contaminated diet with boric acid at 0.75% (w/w) or with fipronil at 0.1μg/kg of food, showed that the survival of bees that ingested the contaminated diets were significantly different to the survival rate presented by the control group (P<0.0001). Although some characteristics indicative of initiation of cell death were observed, the cells remained metabolically active in the processes of excretion and inactivation of chemical compounds. The data from this study reinforce the importance of research on sublethal effects of low doses of pesticides on bees in an attempt to assess a possible realistic dose and evaluate the risk assessment of stingless bee S. postica foraging in the vicinity of cultivated fields and/or in green urban areas. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

Restauração automática de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica de grande porte com geração distribuída

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mobilidade funcional em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral espástica

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos da irradiância e da composição espectral da luz sobre o estabelecimento e desenvolvimento de comunidades de macroalgas lóticas em substratos artificiais

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal) - IBRC

Práxis e a noção de prática nos documentos oficiais sobre a formação de professores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Exposição perinatal ao chumbo: efeitos da associação de diferentes condições estressogênicas sobre a reatividade vascular e o comportamento de ratos recém-desmamados e adultos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ciência cognitiva, sistêmica e filosofia Bergsoniana: uma reflexão acerca da vida em sua capacidade organizativa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Densidade mineral óssea de vértebras de ratos wistar suspensos pela cauda por 15 e 36 dias

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Estudos genéticos e morfológicos de biótipos resistentes e susceptíveis de Euphorbia heterophylla L. (amendoim-bravo)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Metodologia de busca para gene de componente hormonal em Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, bactéria causadora do cancro cítrico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pacientes com Líquen Plano Oral: estresse, enfrentamento e eficácia adaptativa

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC