Fine-scale estimations of bioclimatic change in the Valencia region, Spain

Recent advances in statistical downscaling have allowed the reconstruction of temperatures for the complete 1948–2011 period in a spatial resolution of 90 m and without gaps for the Valencian Community (Spain) and bordering areas. It presently enables analyses in this region, which allows the determination of recent temperature changes at subregional and local scales. The present work focuses on obtaining the thermicity index according to Rivas-Martínez, a well-known indicator of different thermotypes associated with bioclimatic horizons. The change in this index, which has happened in the region between 1948 and 2011, was calculated by generating fine-scale maps of the potential extension of different thermotypes. The results show a greater regression for the thermotypes in a finicolous position, e.g. Orotemperate, Supratemperate and Supramediterranean horizons, which herein indicate greater potential vulnerability in climate change. In the absence of, and given the need for, such fine-scale information, this work should be useful for specialized researchers to spatially limit the potentially most vulnerable biotopes to climate change.

Libro de la Historia y Milagros, hechos a inuocacion de nuestra Señora de Montserrate.

"Aqui comiençan los milagros que han sucedido desde el año 1587 en adelante, por intercension de nuestra Señora de Montserrate", 16 h. desde h. 2Q5.

Segunda parte de la Conquista del Reyno del cielo, intitulada Manual de vida perfeta [sic] /

Mode of access: Internet.

Breve vocabulario valenciano-castellano sacado de varios autores /

Mode of access: Internet.

Inovações tecnológicas: influências na organização do trabalho

Este artigo apresenta estudo que permite uma reflexão acerca da dinâmica do mercado de trabalho, afetada pela constante inovação e expansão do setor de alta tecnologia, que determina a competitividade organizacional frente aos concorrentes globais e altera significativamente as relações trabalhistas. O objetivo da pesquisa é contribuir na discussão destes impactos e as influências advindas das inovações tecnológicas introduzidas na sociedade, sobre a organização do trabalho e dos fatores determinantes da inclusão e exclusão social, bem como sobre o papel desempenhado pelas Instituições de Ensino enquanto formadoras de profissionais qualificados para o mercado de trabalho.

The Experience of the Arnamagnæan Institute, Copenhagen

The Arnamagnæan Institute, principally in the form of the present writer, has been involved in a number of projects to do with the digitisation, electronic description and text-encoding of medieval manuscripts. Several of these projects were dealt with in a previous article 'The view from the North: Some Scandinavian digitisation projects', NCD review, 4 (2004), pp. 22-30. This paper looks in some depth at two others, MASTER and CHLT. The Arnamagnæan Institute is a teaching and research institute within the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Copenhagen. It is named after the Icelandic scholar and antiquarian Árni Magnússon (1663-1730), secretary of the Royal Danish Archives and Professor of Danish Antiquities at the University of Copenhagen, who in the course of his lifetime built up what is arguably the single most important collection of early Scandinavian manuscripts in the world, some 2,500 manuscript items, the earliest dating from the 12th century. The majority of these are from Iceland, but the collection also contains important Norwegian, Danish and Swedish manuscripts, along with approximately 100 manuscripts of continental provenance. In addition to the manuscripts proper, there are collections of original charters and apographa: 776 Norwegian (including Faroese, Shetlandic and Orcadian) charters and 2895 copies, 1571 Danish charters and 1372 copies, and 1345 Icelandic charters and 5942 copies. When he died in 1730, Árni Magnússon bequeathed his collection to the University of Copenhagen. The original collection has subsequently been augmented through individual purchases and gifts and the acquisition of a number of smaller collections, bringing the total to nearly 3000 manuscript items, which, with the charters and apographa, comprise over half a million pages.

Arterial entrapment syndrome in the cubital fossa: a rare cause of acute stress-related arterial thrombosis in a patient with brachial artery duplication

Arterial entrapment syndrome (AES) at elbow level is very rare and to our knowledge no case of AES by lacertus fibrosus in the cubital fossa in presence of brachial artery duplication has been described to date. We describe a rare case of acute arterial thrombosis of one of two brachial arteries highlighted in the cubital fossa which developed after strenuous right elbow flexor muscle activity and hyper-extensions presumably related to AES by lacertus fibrosus at elbow level. A 43-year-old right-handed woman, experienced paleness, coldness and numbness of the right hand, after 8 consecutive hours of gardening. As she worked, her ipsilateral flexor elbow muscles remained in prolonged and inappropriate tension. Clinical examination evidenced the absence of radial artery pulse in the wrist and mild hypothermia in the second and third finger. During surgical exploration two anastomosed brachial arteries were detected in the cubital fossa under the lacertus fibrosus. The lateral superficial brachial artery was occluded. Intraoperative arteriography evidenced brachial artery duplication at the third superior of the arm and normal vascular pattern at the forearm level. In cases of unexplained atypical intermittent upper extremity claudication or acute ischemic symptoms an AES should always be ruled out, particularly when symptoms are exacerbated by strenuous upper extremity activity or when upper limb muscular hypertrophy is evident. In these cases a thorough dynamic clinical and instrumental examination is mandatory to confirm a diagnosis of AES and to avoid possible future ischemic complications.

The Becker-Döring equations with exponentially size-dependent rate coefficients

This paper is concerned with an analysis of the Becker-Döring equations which lie at the heart of a number of descriptions of non-equilibrium phase transitions and related complex dynamical processes. The Becker-Döring theory describes growth and fragmentation in terms of stepwise addition or removal of single particles to or from clusters of similar particles and has been applied to a wide range of problems of physicochemical and biological interest within recent years. Here we consider the case where the aggregation and fragmentation rates depend exponentially on cluster size. These choices of rate coefficients at least qualitatively correspond to physically realistic molecular clustering scenarios such as occur in, for example, simulations of simple fluids. New similarity solutions for the constant monomer Becker-Döring system are identified, and shown to be generic in the case of aggregation and fragmentation rates that depend exponentially on cluster size.

Bio-óleo: alternativa para extrair combustíveis líquidos e químicos renováveis do eucalipto.

2015

The Trier Social Stress Test: principles and practice

Researchers interested in the neurobiology of the acute stress response in humans require a valid and reliable acute stressor that can be used under experimental conditions. The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) provides such a testing platform. It induces stress by requiring participants to make an interview-style presentation, followed by a surprise mental arithmetic test, in front of an interview panel who do not provide feedback or encouragement. In this review, we outline the methodology of the TSST, and discuss key findings under conditions of health and stress-related disorder. The TSST has unveiled differences in males and females, as well as different age groups, in their neurobiological response to acute stress. The TSST has also deepened our understanding of how genotype may moderate the cognitive neurobiology of acute stress, and exciting new inroads have been made in understanding epigenetic contributions to the biological regulation of the acute stress response using the TSST. A number of innovative adaptations have been developed which allow for the TSST to be used in group settings, with children, in combination with brain imaging, and with virtual committees. Future applications may incorporate the emerging links between the gut microbiome and the stress response. Future research should also maximise use of behavioural data generated by the TSST. Alternative acute stress paradigms may have utility over the TSST in certain situations, such as those that require repeat testing. Nonetheless, we expect that the TSST remains the gold standard for examining the cognitive neurobiology of acute stress in humans.

EFECTO DE LA VARIACION DEL COEFICIENTE DE ESCORRENTIA EN LA FRECUENCIA DE LAS AVENIDAS

Un hecho que pasa desapercibido para la mayoría de las personas, pero no para aquellas que viven cerca de las riberas de los ríos pequeños y quebradas, o para los ingenieros hidrológicos, es el aumento en la frecuencia y magnitud de las avenidas, especialmente cuando la cuenca de la corriente empieza a sufrir las consecuencias de la deforestación, para dar campo a la urbanización y expansión de la ciudad.Este aumento en la frecuencia de las avenidas por causa de un desequilibrio ecológico natural o artificial, que a su vez es provocado cuando se elimina parcial o totalmente la cobertura vegetal en la cuenca, es investigado en este trabajo, en un caso, a partir de fórmulas matemática empíricas deducidas de pruebas experimentales y en otro caso, utilizando una expresión matemática definida cuya representación gráfica se asemeje al hidrograma de una avenida, tal y como un sinusoide.   De los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo, se infiere que cuando se dé una ecuación que represente la frecuencia probable de las avenidas en una corriente, debería indicarse que tal ecuación es válida para las condiciones que se observan en la cuenca al momento que se ha hecho el análisis, puesto que sin dicha cuenca se experimentará un gran cambio en su cobertura vegetal, la frecuencia de las avenidas variaría de manera muy significante, aumentando si hay deforestación o disminuyendo si se tiene un proceso de reforestación.

O AUTORITARISMO NA FORMAÇÃO SOCIAL BRASILEIRA: A REPÚBLICA EM TRISTE FIM DE POLICARPO QUARESMA

O pressuposto deste trabalho assenta-se no reconhecimento de que os literatos, por seu papel privilegiado na esfera cultural nacional, são, segundo Goldmann (1979), indivíduos expressivos, veiculadores de ideologias geográficas (MORAES, 2005) acerca da produção do espaço. Destarte, o escritor Lima Barreto (1881-1922) se configurou como um crítico ácido de seu tempo, das mudanças que vinham sendo realizadas na Formação Social (SANTOS, 1977) brasileira, em nome dos princípios da civilidade/modernidade. A partir da obra em questão, de 1911, o presente trabalho buscará analisar como o escritor analisa a dimensão política nos albores da República, pleiteando, a partir da voz de seu protagonista, uma reforma político-administrativa. Assim, serão temas do debate o autoritarismo inerente à formação social, ainda persistente no quadro histórico atual, e a condição da cidadania da população, numa perspectiva da esfera estatal, que sempre delegou a supremacia da unidade territorial em detrimento das necessidades populares.