Internet-based breast cancer patient’s pathway as an empowering patient educational tool

This three-phase study was conducted to examine the effect of the Breast Cancer Patient’s Pathway program (BCPP) on breast cancer patients’ empowering process from the viewpoint of the difference between knowledge expectations and perceptions of received knowledge, knowledge level, quality of life, anxiety and treatment-related side effects during the breast cancer treatment process. The BCPP is an Internet-based patient education tool describing a flow chart of the patient pathway during the breast treatment process, from breast cancer diagnostic tests to the follow-up after treatments. The ultimate goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the BCPP to the breast cancer patient’s empowerment by using the patient pathway as a patient education tool. In phase I, a systematic literature review was carried out to chart the solutions and outcomes of Internet-based educational programs for breast cancer patients. In phase II, a Delphi study was conducted to evaluate the usability of web pages and adequacy of their content. In phase III, the BCPP program was piloted with 10 patients and patients were randomised to an intervention group (n=50) and control group (n=48). According to the results of this study, the Internet is an effective patient education tool for increasing knowledge, and BCPP can be used as a patient education method supporting other education methods. However, breast cancer patients’ perceptions of received knowledge were not fulfilled; their knowledge expectations exceed the perceived amount of received knowledge. Although control group patients’ knowledge expectations were met better with the knowledge they received in hospital compared to the patients in the intervention group, no statistical differences were found between the groups in terms of quality of life, anxiety and treatment-related side effects. However, anxiety decreased faster in the intervention group when looking at internal differences between the groups at different measurement times. In the intervention group the relationship between the difference between knowledge expectations and perceptions of received knowledge correlated significantly with quality of life and anxiety. Their knowledge level was also significant higher than in the control group. These results support the theory that the empowering process requires patient’s awareness of knowledge expectations and perceptions of received knowledge. There is a need to develop patient education to meet patients’ perceptions of received knowledge, including oral and written education and BCPP, to fulfil patient’s knowledge expectations and facilitate the empowering process. Further research is needed on the process of cognitive empowerment with breast cancer patients. There is a need for new patient education methods to increase breast cancer patients’ awareness of knowing.

Selection of patients for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy based on fuzzy sets theory applied to clinical-epidemiological data and treadmill test results

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a worldwide leading cause of death. The standard method for evaluating critical partial occlusions is coronary arteriography, a catheterization technique which is invasive, time consuming, and costly. There are noninvasive approaches for the early detection of CAD. The basis for the noninvasive diagnosis of CAD has been laid in a sequential analysis of the risk factors, and the results of the treadmill test and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS). Many investigators have demonstrated that the diagnostic applications of MPS are appropriate for patients who have an intermediate likelihood of disease. Although this information is useful, it is only partially utilized in clinical practice due to the difficulty to properly classify the patients. Since the seminal work of Lotfi Zadeh, fuzzy logic has been applied in numerous areas. In the present study, we proposed and tested a model to select patients for MPS based on fuzzy sets theory. A group of 1053 patients was used to develop the model and another group of 1045 patients was used to test it. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the performance of the fuzzy model against expert physician opinions, and showed that the performance of the fuzzy model was equal or superior to that of the physicians. Therefore, we conclude that the fuzzy model could be a useful tool to assist the general practitioner in the selection of patients for MPS.

Nuorten aikuisten asenteet mobiilimarkkinointia kohtaan

Melkein koko maailma on kytketty toisiinsa mobiililaitteiden, kuten matkapuhelinten tai tablettien, avulla. Laitteen henkilökohtaisuus ja sen mukana oleminen aina ja kaikkialla tuo yrityksille ennennäkemättömän mahdollisuuden palvella asiakasta koska ja milloin vain. Kuluttajat eivät ole kuitenkaan usein motivoituneita käyttämään matkapuhelimiaan kauppatapahtumiin. Mobiilimarkkinoinnin onnistumisen kannalta on tärkeää ymmärtää niitä syitä, jotka johtavat positiivisiin asenteisiin mobiilimarkkinointia kohtaan, ja tätä kautta sen hyväksyntään. Tämän tutkielman tarkoituksena on selittää suomalaisten nuorten aikuisten asenteita mobiilimarkkinointia kohtaan ja tutkia niihin vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Tuloksia vertaillaan Yhdysvalloista ja Kiinasta kerättyyn aineistoon, jonka tutkimusmalliin tämä työ perustuu. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys pohjautuu perustellun toiminnan teoriaan (engl. theory of reasoned action, TRA), jonka avulla asenteiden nähdään johtavan toimintaan. Tutkimusmallin selittävät muuttujat johdettiin teknologian hyväksymismallista (engl. technology acceptance model, TAM) ja useista aiemmista tutkimuksista. Primääridata (N=1045) kerättiin Turun yliopiston opiskelijoista elektronisen kyselylomakkeen avulla. Tulosten mukaan suomalaisten nuorten aikuisten asenteet mobiilimarkkinointia kohtaan ovat positiivisia. Tärkeimmät asenteisiin vaikuttavat tekijät ovat teknologian koettu hyödyllisyys ja helppokäyttöisyys, kiintymys omaan matkapuhelimeen, innovatiivisuus suhteessa mobiiliin teknologiaan ja huoli yksityisyydestä mobiililla alalla. Tekijät vaihtelevat hieman eri maiden välillä. Yritys voi hyödyntää mm. seuraavia markkinointitoimintoja saadakseen kuluttajan osallistumaan mobiilimarkkinointiin: yksilöidyt, mielenkiintoiset ja arvoa tuovat viestit, tunkeilevien viestien vähentäminen ja kannusteiden lisääminen. Tulevaisuuden tutkimuksen kannalta olisi hyödyllistä laajentaaotoskehystä yliopisto-opiskelijoiden ulkopuolelle.

Le Petit journal. Supplément du dimanche

1910/11/27 (Numéro 1045).

L'Écho de Paris

1887/01/24 (Numéro 1045).

Breviarium ad usum Fratrum Minorum, pars hiemalis.

F. 1-198 Temporal : « Ordo breviarii Fratrum Minorum secundum consuetudinem romane curie... » F. 200 Calendrier franciscain, avec saints du diocèse de Ratisbonne, addition d'obits et la date de 1272 (f. 201). F. 206 Psautier. F. 293v Hymnes. F. 298 Ordo officii. F. 301v-362v Sanctoral : s. Saturnin (301v) ; — s. Georges (362v). F. 366v Commun des saints. F. 406v Petit office de la Vierge. F. 408 Office des morts. F. 412 Prescriptions liturgiques pour l'Avent et Noël.

Informe SQyF Gerencia de comunicaciones

Banco del conocimiento

Ethel Chapman

Photographic portrait of Ethel Chapman, daughter of Charles C. and Lizzie Chapman, ca. 1902.

Professor Fred Smoller, Child Study Center, Chapman College, Orange, California

Professor Fred Smoller, Child Study Center, Chapman College, Orange, California, June, 1990.