Angiotensin-(1-7) improves the post-ischemic function in isolated perfused rat hearts

We evaluated the effects of angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) on post-ischemic function in isolated hearts from adult male Wistar rats perfused according to the Langendorff technique. Local ischemia was induced by coronary ligation for 15 min. After ischemia, hearts were reperfused for 30 min. Addition of angiotensin II (Ang II) (0.20 nM, N = 10) or Ang-(1-7) (0.22 nM, N = 10) to the Krebs-Ringer perfusion solution (KRS) before the occlusion did not modify diastolic or systolic tension, heart rate or coronary flow (basal values for Ang-(1-7)-treated hearts: 0.72 ± 0.08 g, 10.50 ± 0.66 g, 216 ± 9 bpm, 5.78 ± 0.60 ml/min, respectively). During the period of occlusion, the coronary flow, heart rate and systolic tension decreased (values for Ang-(1-7)-treated hearts: 2.83 ± 0.24 ml/min, 186 ± 7 bpm, 6.95 ± 0.45 g, respectively). During reperfusion a further decrease in systolic tension was observed in control (4.95 ± 0.60 g) and Ang II-treated hearts (4.35 ± 0.62 g). However, in isolated hearts perfused with KRS containing Ang-(1-7) the further reduction of systolic tension during the reperfusion period was prevented (7.37 ± 0.68 g). The effect of Ang-(1-7) on the systolic tension was blocked by the selective Ang-(1-7) antagonist A-779 (2 nM, N = 9), by the bradykinin B2 antagonist HOE 140 (100 nM, N = 10), and by indomethacin pretreatment (5 mg/kg, ip, N = 8). Pretreatment with L-NAME (30 mg/kg, ip, N = 8) did not change the effect of Ang-(1-7) on systolic tension (6.85 ± 0.61 g). These results show that Ang-(1-7) at low concentration (0.22 nM) improves myocardial function (systolic tension) in ischemia/reperfusion through a receptor-mediated mechanism involving release of bradykinin and prostaglandins.

Épocas de colheita e qualidade fisiológica das sementes de arroz irrigado cultivar BRS 7 TAIM, em Roraima

A época de colheita é um dos fatores mais importantes que influenciam as características da semente de arroz, seja para semeadura ou para consumo. Com o objetivo de determinar a época adequada de colheita do arroz (Oryza sativa L.) irrigado BRS 7 TAIM, sementes dessa cultivar foram colhidas aos 15, 22, 29, 36, 43 e 50 dias após o florescimento (DAF) e avaliadas quanto à umidade, produtividade, peso seco de 100 sementes, rendimento de grãos inteiros, viabilidade e armazenabilidade. As colheitas realizadas aos 15 e 22 DAF revelaram-se impróprias, obtendo-se valores inferiores em todas variáveis estudadas, além de alta umidade inicial das sementes. As sementes colhidas aos 29 DAF tiveram alta qualidade, porém, a produtividade foi inferior à dos períodos subseqüentes; as provenientes da colheita aos 50 DAF exibiram bom desempenho, exceto no rendimento de grãos inteiros. A melhor época de colheita para a cultivar Taim ocorre entre 38 e 42 DAF, quando as sementes apresentam índices superiores de produtividade, peso seco, rendimento de grãos inteiros, qualidade fisiológica e armazenabilidade.

Combinações entre GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina e ethephon na germinação de sementes de Passiflora cincinnata Mast.

Neste experimento, objetivou-se avaliar a germinação de sementes de Passiflora cincinnata Mast., com o uso de diferentes combinações de GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina (zero, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500mg.L-1) e ethephon (zero, 25, 50, 75, 100mg.L-1), sob delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repetições de 20 sementes por parcela. Para tanto, as sementes foram embebidas nas diversas soluções durante cinco horas, sob oxigenação constante. A seguir, foram transferidas para "gerbox" preto, sobre duas folhas de papel mata-borrão umedecidas, onde permaneceram sob temperaturas alternadas 20-30ºC (16/8h). Foram avaliadas as porcentagens de germinação, de sementes mortas e de sementes dormentes, o tempo e a velocidade médios de germinação. A contagem do número de sementes germinadas foi realizada diariamente, durante 44 dias. Pelos resultados, verificou-se que o uso de GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina promove incremento no percentual e na velocidade de germinação, pela redução da dormência de sementes de Passiflora cincinnata Mast. Além disso, o produto Ethephon, quando aplicado isoladamente, não é eficiente para superação da dormência de sementes dessa espécie.

Exploring the impact of a hands-on intervention on grade 7 girls and their feelings about self, mathematics, science, technology and related careers

Forty-five 12- and 13-year-old females attending Grade 7 in North York, Ontario were randomly selected from a group of 100 females who had volunteered to participate in a oneday hands-on workshop called It's Your Choice at Seneca College. The goals of this intervention were to broaden the career horizons of these students and to help them realize the need to continue mathematics and science through high school in order to keep occupational options unlimited. The young women were given a pre- and post-attitude survey to provide background information. In the month following participation in the workshop the students were interviewed in small groups (S students per group) to discover their perceptions of the impact of the workshop. The interviews revealed that participants felt that after the workshop their feelings of self-confidence increased, specifically with respect to working with their hands. Participants felt more aware of the usefulness and importance of the study of mathematics, science and technology, They also felt that It's Your Choice increased their interest in careers in these domains and helped them to see that these careers are viable choices for females. The interviews also revealed that many of the participants felt that in this society their roles and their choices were influenced and probably limited by the fact that they are female.

The role of intrapartum intravenous therapy and method of delivery on newborn weight loss : challenging the 7% rule

It is common practice to initiate supplemental feeding in newborns if body weight decreases by 7-10% in the first few days after birth (7-10% rule). Standard hospital procedure is to initiate intravenous therapy once a woman is admitted to give birth. However, little is known about the relationship between intrapartum intravenous therapy and the amount of weight loss in the newborn. The present research was undertaken in order to determine what factors contribute to weight loss in a newborn, and to examine the relationship between the practice of intravenous intrapartum therapy and the extent of weight loss post-birth. Using a cross-sectional design with a systematic random sample of 100 mother-baby dyads, we examined properties of delivery that have the potential to impact weight loss in the newborn, including method of delivery, parity, duration of labour, volume of intravenous therapy, feeding method, and birth attendant. This study indicated that the volume of intravenous therapy and method of delivery are significant predictors of weight loss in the newborn (R2=15.5, p<0.01). ROC curve analysis identified an intravenous volume cut-point of 1225 ml that would elicit a high measure of sensitivity (91.3%), and demonstrated significant Kappa agreement (p<0.01) with excess newborn weight loss. It was concluded that infusion of intravenous therapy and natural birth delivery are discriminant factors that influence excess weight loss in newborn infants. Acknowledgement of these factors should be considered in clinical practice.

Protagonistas de rosa y azul : 100 libros para una educación no sexista.

Selección de cien títulos de libros cuyo objetivo es modificar la percepción sexista del mundo que impera en nuestra sociedad y facilitar y ayudar a la mujer para que recupere su propia historia y valore adecuadamente sus aportaciones a lo largo de la historia. Este libro ofrece a las madres y padres, educadoras y educadores un medio para utilizar la literatura infantil y juvenil como apoyo a una educación que facilite una visión más global y completa del mundo y de su historia. En su primera parte, se aportan ideas sobre el sexismo y sociedad y sexismo y literatura. La selección de libros está dividida por bloques de edad: 0-4 años, de 5 a 7, 8 a 10, 11 a 13 y de 14 en adelante.

Conducta y juicio moral : el proceso de interiorización de normas entre 3 y 7 años.

Elaborar un modelo de desarrollo moral que de cuenta de las relaciones que se establecen entre la valoración moral de una situación y la conducta moral efectiva frente a esa situación, en edades comprendidas entre los 3 y 7 años. La muestra estaba compuesta por 64 sujetos, 32 varones y 32 hembras, alumnos de Párvulos, primero de EGB y segundo de EGB del Colegio Nacional Dolors Monerda de Barcelona, de nivel socio-económico medio y medio-alto. Se analiza el desarrollo moral desde el enfoque psicoanalítico, el enfoque conductista y el enfoque piagetiano. A continuación se analizan y comparan los trazos fundamentales de la conducta moral, en situaciones controladas, de los sujetos de la muestra entre sí y con los resultados obtenidos en un conjunto de 302 fichas recogidas por padres y profesores, en las cuales se detallan conductas morales, en situaciones no sujetas a control, de sujetos de edades comprendidas entre 1 y 12 años. Entrevista personal. Hay relaciones claramente definibles entre el razonamiento acerca de una situación y la acción efectiva sobre ella. En relación a la evolución moral, se definen tres etapas claramente diferenciadas que se manifiestan tanto a nivel de razonamiento como a nivel de conducta.

Aspectos didácticos de Geografía e Historia (Historia), 7.

Ponencias presentadas en el VII Encuentro sobre Aspectos Didácticos en las Enseñanzas Medias (Zaragoza, 10-15 de septiembre de 1992)

Cienjuegos : ejercicios de lectura 7-11 años.

Cuaderno de ejercicios cuya finalidad es mejorar la lectura del niño y favorecer su gusto por la lectura. Se trata de 100 juegos que requieren la colaboración del adulto, padres o profesores, con el niño para practicar en su cuaderno de lectura. Son ejercicios de comprensión, y ejercicios técnicos de desciframiento, todos ellos pueden aplicarse de forma individual o colectiva. Se pueden adaptar a cualquier libro de lectura del niño de primaria, sea cual sea..

100 juegos de teatro en la Educación Infantil.

En este libro se presenta una serie de cien propuestas de juego de expresión teatral especialmente pensadas para niños de la etapa de Educación Infantil (3-5 años). Se inicia el libro con un apartado en el que se proponen ejercicios de respiración y relajación que facilitarán la puesta en marcha de las distintas actividades que se propondrán en los posteriores capítulos y la puesta en escena de las adaptaciones teatrales. Se presentan ejercicios que pueden realizarse antes o después de comenzar cada juego. DEspués se presentan cinco grandes apartados: cuerpo y movimiento, Espacio, Articulación y dicción, Contacto y Juegos dramáticos. Cada uno de ellos incluye juegos de teatro pensados para participar individualmente, en parejas, en pequeño grupo o bien en grupo. Se trata de actividades que pretenden desarrollar, los sentidos, el conocimiento del cuerpo y la seguridad en la ejecución de movimientos, la articulación de palabras y su correcta dicción, a medida que se estimula el contacto y se experimenta con el espacio y los juegos dramáticos.

100 juegos para el aula de Educación Física : Educación Primaria.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

El juez en el colegio : manual divulgativo con más de 100 situaciones prácticas resueltas.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

100 ideas for supporting pupils with ADHD.

Guía que proporciona a los que trabajan con niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH), cien ideas prácticas para apoyar y desarrollar su aprendizaje. Están organizadas en trece secciones que incluyen información a los padres, medicamentos, TDAH y el aula. Cubren toda la edad escolar con ideas para desarrollar estrategias efectivas que ayuden al niño en sus habilidades individuales, como la escritura, la comprensión, el procesamiento de tareas, con el fin de alentar el desarrollo de sus habilidades sociales y autoestima.

The Greek debt trap: an escape plan. Bruegel Policy Contribution 2012/19, 7 November 2012

Without corrective measures, Greek public debt will exceed 190 percent of GDP, instead of peaking at the anyway too-high target ratio of 167 percent of GDP of the March 2012 financial assistance programme. The rise is largely due to a negative feedback loop between high public debt and the collapse in GDP, and endangers Greek membership of the euro area. But a Greek exit would have devastating impacts both inside and outside Greece. A small reduction in the interest rate on bilateral loans, the exchange of European Central Bank holdings, buy-back of privately-held debt, and frontloading of some privatisation receipts are unlikely to be sufficient. A credible resolution should involve the reduction of the official lending rate to zero until 2020, an extension of the maturity of all official lending, and indexing the notional amount of all official loans to Greek GDP. Thereby, the debt ratio would fall below 100 percent of GDP by 2020, and if the economy deteriorates further, there will not be a need for new arrangements. But if growth is better than expected, official creditors will also benefit. In exchange for such help, the fiscal sovereignty of Greece should be curtailed further. An extended privatisation plan and future budget surpluses may be used to pay back the debt relief. The Greek fiscal tragedy highlights the need for a formal debt restructuring mechanism

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligands and receptors in bovine ovarian follicle cells: actions of BMP-4,-6 and-7 on granulosa cells and differential modulation of Smad-1 phosphorylation by follistatin

Given the paucity of information on the potential roles of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in the ruminant ovary we conducted immunolocalization and functional studies on cells isolated from bovine antral follicles. Immunocytochemistry revealed expression of BMP-4 and -7 in isolated theca cells whereas granulosa cells and oocytes selectively expressed RMP-6. All three cell types expressed a range of BMP-responsive type-I (BMPRIB, ActRI) and type-II (BMPRII, ActRII, ActRIIB) receptors supporting autocrine/paracrine roles within the follicle. This was reinforced by functional experiments on granulosa cells which showed that BMP-4, -6 and -7 promoted cellular accumulation of phosphorylated Smad-1 but not Smad-2 and enhanced 'basal' and IGF-stimulated secretion of oestradiol (E2), inhibin-A, activin-A and follistatin (FS). Concomitantly, each BMP suppressed 'basal' and IGF-stimulated progesterone secretion, consistent with an action to prevent or delay atresia and/or luteinization. BMPs also increased viable cell number under 'basal' (BMP-4 and -7) and IGF-stimulated (BMP-4, -6 and -7) conditions. Since FS, a product of bovine granulosa cells, has been shown to bind several BMPs, we used the Biacore technique to compare its binding affinities for activin-A (prototype FS ligand) and BMP-4, -6 and -7. Compared with activin-A (K-d 0.28 +/- 0.02 nM; 100%), the relative affinities of FS for BMP-4, -6 and -7 were 10, 5 and 1% respectively. Moreover, studies on granulosa cells showed that preincubation of ligand with excess FS abolished activin-A-induced phosphorylation of Smad-2 and BMP-4-induced phosphorylation of Smad-1. However, FS only partially reversed BMP-6-induced Smad-1 phosphorylation and had no inhibitory effect on BMP-7-induced Smad-1 phosphorylation. These findings support functional roles for BMP-4, -6 and -7 as paracrine/autocrine modulators of granulosa cell steroidogenesis, peptide secretion and proliferation in bovine antral follicles. The finding that FS can differentially modulate BMP-induced receptor activation and that this correlates with the relative binding affinity of FS for each BMP type implicates FS as a potential modulator of BMP action in the ovary.