Objective Assessment of Internal Nasal Dimensions and Speech Resonance in Individuals With Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate After Rhinoseptoplasty

The objective of the current study was to analyze the effects of rhinoseptoplasty on internal nasal dimensions and speech resonance of individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate, estimated by acoustic rhinometry and nasometry, respectively. Twenty-one individuals (aged 15-46 years) with previously repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate were analyzed before (PRE), and 6 to 9 (POST1) and 12 to 18 months (POST2) after surgery. Acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of segments corresponding to the nasal valve (CSA1), anterior portion (CSA2), and posterior portion (CSA3) of the lower turbinate, and the volumes at the nasal valve (V1) and turbinate (V2) regions at cleft and noncleft sides, before and after nasal decongestion with a topical vasoconstrictor. Nasometry was used to evaluate speech nasalance during the reading of a set of sentences containing nasal sounds and other devoid of nasal sounds. At the cleft side, before nasal decongestion, there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in mean CSA1 and V1 values at POST1 and POST2 compared with PRE. After decongestion, increased values were also observed for CSA2 and V2 at POST2. No significant changes were observed at the noncleft side. Mean nasalance values at PRE, POST1, an POST2 were not different from each other in both oral and nasal sentences. The measurement of CSAs and volumes by acoustic rhinometry revealed that rhinoseptoplasty provided, in most cases analyzed, a significant increase in nasal patency, without concomitant changes in speech resonance, as estimated by nasalance assessment.

Longitudinal Study of Growth of Children With Unilateral Cleft-Lip Palate From Birth to Two Years of Age

Objective: To study the growth of children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) from birth to 2 years of age and to construct specific UCLP growth curves. Design: Physical growth was a secondary outcome measure of a National Institutes of Health-sponsored longitudinal, prospective clinical trial involving the University of Florida (United States) and the University of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Patients: Six hundred twenty-seven children with UCLP, nonsyndromic, both genders. Methods: Length, weight, and head circumference were prospectively measured for a group of children enrolled in a clinical trial. Median growth curves for the three parameters (length, weight, head circumference) were performed and compared with the median for the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) curves. The median values for length, weight, and head circumference at birth and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age were plotted against NCHS median values and statistically compared at birth and 24 months. Setting: Hospital de Reabilitacao de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Bauru, Brazil (HRAC-USP). Results: At birth, children of both genders with UCLP presented with smaller body dimensions in relation to NCHS median values, but the results suggest a catch-up growth for length, weight, and head circumference for girls and for weight (to some degree) and head circumference for boys. Conclusions: Weight was the most compromised parameter for both genders, followed by length and then head circumference. There was no evidence of short stature. This study established growth curves for children with UCLP.

Enamel Defects in Maxillary Central Incisors of Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip

Objective: To evaluate the presence of enamel alterations in deciduous maxillary central incisors of infants with unilateral cleft lip and alveolar ridge, with or without cleft palate, and to compare the occurrence and location of these alterations between the central incisor adjacent to the cleft and the contralateral incisor. Design: Intraoral clinical examination was performed after tooth cleaning and drying by a single examiner with the aid of a dental mirror, dental probe, and artificial light, with the child positioned on a dental chair. The defects were recorded in a standardized manner according to the criteria of the Modified Developmental Defects of Enamel Index. Setting: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC) at Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients: One hundred one infants were evaluated. All were white, of both genders, aged 12 to 36 months and had at least two thirds of the crowns of maxillary incisors erupted. Results: Demarcated opacity was the most common defect at both cleft and noncleft sides, followed by diffuse opacity. The occurrence of hypoplasia at the cleft side was 11.8%. Most defects affected less than one third of the crown. Conclusion: The occurrence of enamel defects in deciduous maxillary central incisors of patients with unilateral cleft lip was 42.6%, mainly affecting the cleft side as to both number and severity.

Avaliação da subluxação da articulação cricotireóidea no tratamento da paralisia unilateral de prega vocal

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Acoplador e linha de lâmina unilateral e bilateral com substrato fotônico

The aim of this work is to characterize and use the characteristic parameters of the planar structures constructed with fin lines looking for their applications in devices, using PBG Photonic Band Gap photonic materials as substrate, operating in the millimeter and optic wave bands.The PBG theory will be applied for the relative permittivity attainment for the PBG photonic substrate s and p polarizations. The parameters considered in the structures characterization are the complex propagation constant and the characteristic impedance of unilateral and bilateral fin lines that were obtained by the use of the TTL Transverse Transmission Line Method, together with the Method of the Moments. The final part of this work comprises studies related to the behavior of the asymmetric unilateral fin line coupler with photonic substrate. This research opens perspectives for new works in this modern area. Numerical results are shown by means of bi-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics. Conclusions and suggestions for future works are also presented

An Anisotropic Model of Damage and Unilateral Effect for Brittle Materials

This work deals with the initial applications and formulation of an aniscitropic plastic-damage constitutive model proposed for non-linear analysis of reinforced concrete structures submitted to a loading with change of the sign. The original constitutive model is based on the fundamental hypothesis of energy equivalence between real and continuous medium following the concepts of the Continuum Damage Mechanics. The concrete is assumed as an initial elastic isotropic medium presenting anisotropy, permanent strains and bimodularity (distinct elastic responses whether traction or compression stress states prevail) induced by damage evolution. In order to take into account the bimodularity, two damage tensors governing the rigidity in tension or compression regimes are introduced. Then, some conditions are introduced in the original version of the model in order to simulate the damage unilateral effect. The three-dimensional version of the proposed model is analyzed in order to validate its formulation when compared to micromechanical theory. The one-dimensional version of the model is applied in the analyses of a reinforced concrete beam submitted to a loading with change of the sign. Despite the parametric identification problems, the initial applications show the good performance of the model.

Estudo comparativo do bloqueio combinado femoral-isquiático, por punção em sítio único, com anestesia subaracnóidea para cirurgia unilateral do membro inferior

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A raquianestesia unilateral pode apresentar vantagens em pacientes ambulatoriais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a raquianestesia unilateral com o bloqueio combinado femoral-isquiático em cirurgias ortopédicas unilaterais e ambulatoriais. MÉTODO: Sessenta pacientes foram aleatoriamente separados em dois grupos para receber 6 mg de bupivacaína hiperbárica ou hipobárica (grupo RQ) em decúbito lateral esquerdo ou 800 mg de lidocaína 1,6% com epinefrina nos nervos femoral e isquiático (grupo CFI) em decúbito dorsal. O bloqueio dos nervos foi realizado com agulha de 150 mm conectada a um neuroestimulador e inserida no ponto médio entre as duas abordagens clássicas, sendo injetados 15 mL no nervo femoral e 35 mL no nervo isquiático. Avaliados o tempo para realização dos bloqueios e sua duração. Vinte minutos após, os pacientes foram avaliados em relação aos bloqueios sensitivo e motor. RESULTADOS: O tempo para a realização da raquianestesia foi significativamente menor do que o bloqueio combinado femoral-isquiático. O bloqueio unilateral foi obtido em 90% dos pacientes no grupo RQ e 100% no grupo CFI. O tempo para recuperação do bloqueio sensitivo e motor foi significativamente maior no grupo CFI. Não houve bradicardia ou hipotensão. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo conclui que é tecnicamente fácil realizar bloqueio anterior combinado femoral-isquiático e pode ser uma alternativa para o bloqueio unilateral do membro inferior. A raquianestesia unilateral com baixas doses de bupivacaína resultou em menor tempo para realização, menor número de tentativas e recuperação mais precoce do bloqueio combinado femoral-isquiático, porém com mesma efetividade.

Hypertrophy and neuron loss: structural changes in sheep SCG induced by unilateral sympathectomy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Unilateral Facial Paralysis Caused by Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

The Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a rare disease caused by an infection of the geniculate ganglion by the varicella-zoster virus. The main clinical features of the syndrome are as follows: Bell palsy unilateral or bilateral, vesicular eruptions on the ears, ear pain, dizziness, preauricular swelling, tingling, tearing, loss of taste sensation, and nystagmus. We describe a 23-year-old white woman, who presented with facial paralysis on the left side of the face, pain, fever, ear pain, and swelling in the neck and auricular region on the left side. She received appropriate treatment with acyclovir, vitamin B complex, and CMP nucleus. After 30 days after presentation, the patient did not show any signs or symptoms of the syndrome. At follow-up at 1 year, she showed no relapse of the syndrome.

Passivity Versus Unilateral Angular Misfit: Evaluation of Stress Distribution on Implant-Supported Single Crowns: Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of unilateral angular misfit of 100 Km on stress distribution of implant-supported single crowns with ceramic veneering and gold framework by three-dimensional finite element analysis. Two three-dimensional models representing a maxillary section of premolar region were constructed: group 1 (control)-crown completely adapted to the implant and group 2-crown with unilateral angular misfit of 100 Km. A vertical force of 100 N was applied on 2 centric points of the crown. The von Mises stress was used as an analysis criterion. The stress values and distribution in the main maps (204.4 MPa for group 1 and 205.0 MPa for group 2) and in the other structures (aesthetic veneering, framework, retention screw, implant, and bone tissue) were similar for both groups. The highest stress values were observed between the first and second threads of the retention screw. Considering the bone tissue, the highest stress values were exhibited in the peri-implant cortical bone. The unilateral angular misfit of 100 Km did not influence the stress distribution on the implant-supported prosthesis under static loading.

Distalização dos molares superiores com aparelho Pendex unilateral: estudo piloto com radiografia panorâmica

OBJETIVO: o presente ensaio científico põe em pauta o efeito imediato da distalização unilateral de molares superiores, lançando mão do distalizador intrabucal Pendex de ação unilateral. METODOLOGIA: o estudo prospectivo foi conduzido em três pacientes na dentadura permanente madura, no estágio de adolescência, que apresentavam uma má oclusão Classe II, subdivisão. O aparelho Pendex foi instalado com a mola distalizadora de TMA, construída apenas no lado direito. A metodologia baseou-se nas radiografias panorâmicas inicial e pós-distalização para quantificar a inclinação axial mesiodistal dos molares superiores. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: os resultados mostraram que os molares do lado esquerdo mantiveram sua inclinação mesiodistal inicial, sugerindo ancoragem, enquanto os molares do lado direito foram inclinados para distal, à semelhança do que ocorre com a distalização simétrica dos molares superiores, obtida com o aparelho Pendex convencional. Os primeiros molares foram inclinados 11,5º, enquanto os segundos molares foram inclinados 21º para distal.

Processamento auditivo na perda auditiva unilateral: relato de caso

A perda auditiva unilateral representa grande risco para o atraso acadêmico, a comunicação, o desenvolvimento social e também para o processamento auditivo. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as habilidades auditivas de localização, fechamento, figura-fundo, resolução temporal e ordenação temporal simples de um sujeito do gênero masculino, 17 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de perda auditiva sensorioneural unilateral de grau profundo, de causa idiopática, sem outros comprometimentos. O processo de avaliação constituiu da aplicação de um questionário, da realização da avaliação audiológica clínica convencional (audiometria tonal, logoaudiometria e imitanciometria) e de testes de processamento auditivo monóticos (SSI ipsilateral, Teste de fala filtrada) e dióticos (Localização sonora, Memória auditiva para sons verbais, Memória auditiva para sons não verbais, AFT-R). Apenas o teste de Localização sonora apresentou resultados alterados. Não foram relatadas queixas relacionadas à habilidade de localização sonora, atenção, discriminação e compreensão auditiva. No caso em estudo, a perda auditiva sensorioneural unilateral de grau profundo não pareceu restringir o desenvolvimento das habilidades do processamento auditivo avaliadas, exceto no que se refere à localização da fonte sonora.