Lapanthus (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae): A New Genus from the Southern Espinhaco Range, Brazil

In this paper we describe a new genus of Bromehaceae, Lapanthus, restricted to the southern portion of the Espinhaco Range, Minas Germs State, in southeastern Brazil Two new combinations to accommodate species previously described in the genera Orthophytum and cryptanthus and one new synonym are proposed Lapanthus has morphological affinities with both Cryptanthus and Orthophytum but nevertheless differs by the combination of margins of the petals ciliate, presence of lanceolate petal appendages and free stamens, and also by molecular data Cryptanthus and Orthophytum have petals entire along the margins, and the filaments of the most internal whorl are adnate to the petals Lapanthus stands out by having a pair of lanceolate petal appendages, which are almost completely adnate to the petals In Orthophytum, however, appendages are cupuhform or sacciform and they are totally absent in the genus Cryptanthus Lapanthus and Orthophytum present meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers equal to n=25 and 2n=50, 100 and 150 respectively, while Cryptanthus presents meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers n=17 and 2n=34, 36, 54 respectively, and this difference is considered to be an autapomorphic feature of Cryptanthus Descriptions of the genus and species, identification keys, illustrations, photographs of living specimens, and taxonomic comments are provided

Systematic revision and cladistic analysis of the Brazilian subfamily Sodreaninae (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae)

Sodreaninae is reviewed and all ten species are combined under its type genus, Sodreana Mello-Leitao, 1922, according to a cladistic analysis of morphological characters, which revealed a pectinate pattern of clades. The subfamily is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest from Santa Catarina state to Rio de Janeiro state. Sodreana is herein considered a senior synonym of Stygnobates Mello-Leitao, 1927, Zortalia Mello-Leitao, 1936, Gertia B. Soares & H. Soares, 1946 and Annampheres H. Soares, 1979. The following new combinations are proposed: Sodreana barbiellinii (Mello-Leitao, 1927), Sodreana hatschbachi (B. Soares & H. Soares, 1946), Sodreana inscripta (Mello-Leitao, 1939), Sodreana leprevosti (B. Soares & H. Soares, 1947b), Sodreana bicalcarata (Mello-Leitao, 1936). Sodreana granulata (Mello-Leitao, 1937) is revalidated from the synonymy of Sodreana sodreana Mello-Leitao, 1922. Three new species are described: Sodreana glaucoi from Ilhabela and Boraceia, Sao Paulo state; S. curupira from Parque Nacional da Serra dos Orgaos, Rio de Janeiro state, and S. caipora from Ubatuba, Sao Paulo state. Sodreaninae species are restricted to forested areas and most occur in the southern part of the coastal Atlantic rainforest, one species occurs in interior Atlantic rainforest. The biogeographical analysis (Brooks Parsimony Analysis) resulted in a single and fully resolved most parsimonious tree with three main: components: northern (Bahia and Serra do Espinhaco), southern (Santa Catarina, Parana, Serra do Mar of Sao Paulo), and central (Espirito Santo, Serra da Bocaina, southern state of Rio de Janeiro, Serra dos Orgaos, Serra da Mantiqueira, Serra do Mar of Sao Paulo).

On Occurrence Of Plagiarism In Published Computer Science Thesis Reports At Swedish Universities

In recent years, it has been observed that software clones and plagiarism are becoming an increased threat for one?s creativity. Clones are the results of copying and using other?s work. According to the Merriam – Webster dictionary, “A clone is one that appears to be a copy of an original form”. It is synonym to duplicate. Clones lead to redundancy of codes, but not all redundant code is a clone.On basis of this background knowledge ,in order to safeguard one?s idea and to avoid intentional code duplication for pretending other?s work as if their owns, software clone detection should be emphasized more. The objective of this paper is to review the methods for clone detection and to apply those methods for finding the extent of plagiarism occurrence among the Swedish Universities in Master level computer science department and to analyze the results.The rest part of the paper, discuss about software plagiarism detection which employs data analysis technique and then statistical analysis of the results.Plagiarism is an act of stealing and passing off the idea?s and words of another person?s as one?s own. Using data analysis technique, samples(Master level computer Science thesis report) were taken from various Swedish universities and processed in Ephorus anti plagiarism software detection. Ephorus gives the percentage of plagiarism for each thesis document, from this results statistical analysis were carried out using Minitab Software.The results gives a very low percentage of Plagiarism extent among the Swedish universities, which concludes that Plagiarism is not a threat to Sweden?s standard of education in computer science.This paper is based on data analysis, intelligence techniques, EPHORUS software plagiarism detection tool and MINITAB statistical software analysis.

Calescharidae, a new family for the Tertiary to Recent Genera Caleschara MacGillivray and Tretosina Canu and Bassler (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata)

A new family of Cheilostomata, the Calescharidae, is introduced for the genus Caleschara MacGillivray and its Recent Australian typespecies, C. denticulata(MacGillivray), which is redefined from type and other material. The Australian Tertiary genus Tretosina Canu & Bassler and its type species,T. arcifera Canu & Bassler, are closely related,and are also assigned to the Calescharidae. The history and significance of family attributions of both genera are outlined, and RecentC. denticulata from Australian and other localities is distinguished from the Late Tertiary Victorian species C. parva Maplestone. Caleschara lithconis, sp. nov., from the Late Eocene of Victoria is one of the earliest known species: its morphology closely resembles a Recent form from the Philippines, C. junctifera Canu & Bassler. Another Recent species, Caleschara minuta (Maplestone) from the GilbertIslands, is a senior synonym of three other Indo-Pacific species,C. levinseni Harmer, C. laxa Canu & Bassler and Floridinella arculifera Canu & Bassler, and resembles the European Paleocene C. squamosa. Three other related species are briefly discussed. Close relationships to other families are problematic and are discussed; divergence in the early history of the cheilostomes is inferred.

Revision of the multiphased genus Corbulipora MacGillivray (Bryozoa: Cribrimorpha)

Corbulipora MacGillivray is redefined to include only species which occur in successive growth phases. The fossil type species, Corbulipora ornata MacGillivray, occurs in an encrusting ancestrulate phase, an erect quadriserial, ovicellate phase, and a frontally-budded partially kenozooidal phase. The encrusting ancestrulate phase of the Recent species, C tubulifera (Hincks), is the type species of the genus Acanthocella Canu and Bassler, which is a junior synonym of Corbulipora. The succeeding, ovicellate, flustrine phase, known as Watersia militaris (Waters), is the type species of Watersia, another junior synonym of Corbulipora. It produces a third bilaminar phase known as C. oriparma, a synonym of C. tubulifera. This has rhizoids and develops further flustrine phases. Fossil specimens assigned to Acanthocella tubulifera in the past are here considered to be the primary encrusting phase of a bilaminar phase, known as Corbuhpora suggerens (Waters). from which it has become separated. A thinly calcified intervening erect phase similar to the flustrine phase of C. tubulifera IS inferred to have existed but not to have been preserved as a fossil. Some species previously referred to Watersia are assigned to Klugeflustra Moyano which, like Neoflustra Lopez Gappa, has flustrine colomes with large, hyperstomial ovicells, unlike those of the family Flustridae sensu stricto. A key to species of Corbulipora and their various phases is given.

Jump over the gorge : overcoming cultural gap in doing business with China

China has become a synonym for future business growth. It is the business nirvana of the 21st century (Chung 2004). As a major emerging market, China offers many companies great potential in their future growth. China's economic growth has been consistently double digits for the past two decades. China has become an economic power in the world. To Australia, China became its largest trading partner since 2007. While other parts of the world are experiencing economic down tum, e.g. the US and UK, Australia still enjoys its longest lasting economic growth. Much of the growth is largely built on this Chinese demand of minerals (Kirk 2004). Therefore research of Australian companies' internationalisation into China is timely and in high demand. 40 Australian companies' were investigated in a recent research conducted in July - December 2007. Among many findings through the research, one of the major issues was the impact of cultural differences on companies in their operations. The research discovered the gap of cultural differences between Australia and China is large which has caught many companies by surprise. Further the inability to deal with this large cultural gap as well as being properly prepared for the cultural issue they are about to encounter prior to entering into the Chinese market may cause serious issues on performance. It is through this research an important finding is presented that engaging culturally skilled consultants when dealing with Chinese market is an effective and cost efficient way of conducting businesses in China.

Marketing-China and getting it right

China has become a synonym for future business growth. It is the business nirvana of the 21st century. It is the place to be. Companies are scrambling to get a share of the action. Not a day passes without some company making an announcement of an investment in their future which involves China.

Temporal variation in reproductive characteristics of an introduced and abundant island population of koalas

Reproductive characteristics of a wildlife population are typically sensitive to changes in environmental conditions and intrinsic factors. Knowledge of these relationships is critical for understanding population dynamics and effective long-term management of a population. We examined temporal variation in reproductive parameters of an abundant, genetically compromised, and high-density population of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, over 3 breeding seasons spanning 9 years: November–May of 1997–1998, 2005–2006, and 2006–2007. Timing of the breeding season was consistent between years, but fecundity, sex ratio of young, and the percentage of independent females (those not accompanying a lactating female) , 6 kg varied. Fecundity was lower than in other island populations, suggesting that the quality and distribution of food resources or inbreeding may be impacting the Kangaroo Island population. We did not test for Chlamydophila (synonym =Chlamydia), and clinical signs of this disease were not reported for any of the koalas in this study. However, historical evidence of Chlamydophila-infected koalas on Kangaroo Island exists, and the potential impact of this disease on fecundity warrants further investigation.

Diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis : where are we now?

Introduction: The World Health Organization has classified myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) as a neurological disease since 1969 considering chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) as a synonym used interchangeably for ME since 1969. ME and CFS are considered to be neuro-immune disorders, characterized by specific symptom profiles and a neuro-immune pathophysiology. However, there is controversy as to which criteria should be used to classify patients with “chronic fatigue syndrome.”

Areas covered: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria consider chronic fatigue (CF) to be distinctive for CFS, whereas the International Consensus Criteria (ICC) stresses the presence of post-exertion malaise (PEM) as the hallmark feature of ME. These case definitions have not been subjected to rigorous external validation methods, for example, pattern recognition analyses, instead being based on clinical insights and consensus.

Expert opinion: Pattern recognition methods showed the existence of three qualitatively different categories: (a) CF, where CF evident, but not satisfying full CDC syndrome criteria. (b) CFS, satisfying CDC criteria but without PEM. (c) ME, where PEM is evident in CFS. Future research on this “chronic fatigue spectrum” should, therefore, use the abovementioned validated categories and novel tailored algorithms to classify patients into ME, CFS, or CF.

Verdade e subjetividade: um ensaio sobre a epistemologia genética

Ao fim do século XX, o discurso da pós-modernidade assinala a desconstrução de conceitos caros ao pensamento ocidental, dentre eles o de verdade e subjetividade. A ciência se defronta com o desafio de, em rompendo com o determinismo laplaciano, encontrar uma nova racionalidade capaz de expressar conceitos como incomensurabilidade,incerteza, acaso, desordem e imprevisibilidade. A Epistemologia Genética, nestes tempos que anunciam a pluralidade, a descontinuidade, a polimorfia e o ecletismo, e um projeto eivado de modernidade, o que faz de seu idealizador Jean Piaget, neste século, o grande narrador da razão analítica ocidental. Tornar a Epistemologia científica foi a tentativa máxima do "antigo futuro ex-filósofo" de nome Jean Piaget, no reencantamento da episteme grega, mantida ainda sua supremacia em relação a doxa. Ambição possível, somente, para quem fez do conhecimento científico sinônimo de verdade e da ciência, a sua própria vida.

Uma conversa na escola: o diálogo e a mídia

The dialogue represents an essential condition for the complete realization of the Communication. In Paulo Freire we find a concept of dialogue which expresses itself, fundamentally, in two dimension: on one hand, in the confluence of subjectivities; on the other, in action. Dialogue would not be, therefore, a thinking for , but a thinking with . On the other hand, the media, here understood as synonym of technical media of information and expression is spread all over society as synonym of communication media. In this direction, this paper intends to check if the media allows the dialogue, in the heart of the Freirean concept of communication. We start from the premise that it is not possible to come to an answer if we continue to accept the theoretical approach which polarizes the process of communication between emitter and receptor. By using elements of the ethnomethodology such as the analysis of the conversation and the reflexivity, we dived in the school everyday life of educators and students of an elementary level public school in the city of Natal, capital of Rio Grande do Norte, in order to, through some experiences with the media, corroborate Paulo Freire's ideas, stating the mediation made by the world and seeking a bias for the use of the media to enable a more dialogic education

Uma odisséia em busca de Héstia: do turismo à hospitalidade pelos caminhos das representações sociais

This thesis is the result of a piece of research on hospitality social representations between tourism professionals and academics in the city of Natal. The reasearch s corner stone is the point of the view that the notion of hospitality, with all its theoretical and practical implications, is essential to the success of any tourist destination. Is there any relevance in the growing use of the word, almost as a synonym for tourism? How is this notion, first learned in the domestic context and then exercised in the contact with the city and especially with visitors, represented in the learning process for professional practice and in the exercise of professional tourist reception itself? In order to answer this question, initially we chose to study the concept of hospitality in their current academic view, with reference to the French school, which binds hospitality to the maussian perspective of donation, and other scholars of the current theme, with emphasis on the research performed in the program of Master of Hospitality at the Anhembi Morumbi University, whose philosophy imprints in the hospitality concept the same sense we want to give this study. Then we chose to analyze the notion of hospitality, by the Social Representations Theory, in light of Moscovici s methodology, as well as the analysis of the core of this concept among tourism professionals and students. It was found that hospitality is still a very diffuse reference to representations of these two groups and that academic education, if accepted both theoretical and practical implications of this research s starting point, will still have a long way to go. Cities such as Natal, "naturally" hospitable, according to its dwellers, where tourism is relevant to their economies, need (re)thinking and (re)organizing, continuously, their actions towards quality and performance of their professional training especially those concerned with receptive structure

A paz tensa da chama fugaz: a configuração do amor no romance contemporâneo, Lygia Fagundes Telles e Lídia Jorge

This thesis A paz tensa da chama fugaz: a configuração do amor no romance contemporâneo, Lygia Fagundes Telles e Lídia Jorge aims to study the configuration of Love in contemporary novels. Their corpuses of study are the novels As horas nuas (1989), by the Brazilian writer Lygia Fagundes Telles; and O vento assobiando nas gruas (2002), by the Portuguese writer Lídia Jorge. The following research tries to understand how the characters from those texts deal with some love questions on the context of the contemporary narrative; it also tries to comprehend the love expression which is formed as a contradictorily fluid feeling and intensely wanted, which are important points concerning the love discourse at the present day. As a critic-comparative study, this research focuses on the problematic concerned love as a synonym of Eros, in other words, the relation between lovers, analyzed through social and philosophical perspective. Through that, this work broadens the study of two contemporary novels, and it also establish connections between the characters from those novels and the literary environment where they are placed, once it focuses on the human and social context presented in this books. The thesis ends calling attention to the dichotomy of love and death, to the image of love which grows through absence and through the longing of completeness of the human being; that is why this work sustains that the Lygia Fagundes Telles and Lídia Jorge update and materialized in their texts the plurality of contemporary love conception, which continues to be contradictory, fragmented and problematic

Saúde do trabalhador no SUS: desafios e perspectivas frente à precarização do trabalho

Refletir sobre o campo saúde do(a) trabalhador(a) é o objetivo deste estudo. Busca-se sublinhar o significado das condições de trabalho para o ser humano do ponto de vista da saúde. A premissa não é quantificar, mas inferir que as condições de trabalho podem gerar danos à saúde, mas nem sempre apresentam de imediato a sua relação com o trabalho. São discutidas, a partir da abordagem qualitativa, três situações, as quais contemplam os trabalhos rural, informal e infantil e, como resultado, verifica-se a contradição da categoria trabalho, que, se por um lado é sinônimo de sociabilidade, por outro, contraditoriamente, constitui-se em mecanismo de exclusão social na medida em que é realizado sem o reconhecimento dos direitos sociais e trabalhistas. Verifica-se a expansão de formas de trabalho sem regulamentação, tais como o domiciliar e o familiar e os realizados em locais como a rua e o lixo. Encerra-se a reflexão com destaque ao papel do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) na assistência integral à saúde dos(as) trabalhadores(as) e ao desafio de atuar na perspectiva de prevenção e promoção da saúde do trabalhador de modo integrado e articulado aos demais órgãos públicos que atuam nesta área.

(Con)vivendo em fortalezas: o outro lado do morar bem

The intensification of the fear in the city and in the spaces controlled by this feeling has contributed to a growing socio-spatial inequality, and the rapid growth of market protection. The residential condos emerge as a possible solution to the problem. This is a housing typology expanding worldwide which is seen, especially by the urban middle class, as enablers of quality of life and safety. In Brazil, especially in large cities, the quest for quality of life is directly connected with the desire for security translated through space control (use of high walls, gates, entrance hall, security cameras) and people who use it. This thesis aims at investigating how the different categories of inhabitants of an area predominantly occupied by vertical residential condos realize the socio-spatial dimension and the socio-urban space determined by this type of development. It especially takes into consideration the issue of urban insecurity, based on the assumption that, although published and sold by marketing as safe places , synonym of welfare and supporters of community life , the living in these condos, may even inhibits, social relationships, contributing to socio-spatial isolation and consequent social weakness. This is a survey that seeks to meet the assumptions of Environmental Psychology towards the comprehension of person-environment studies, emphasizing the use of different methods (desk research, observations of and group interviews, focus group technique using photographic resources), as well as the focus on current problems of the urban scene and the knowledge gained in Social Psychology