Avaliação da erosão hídrica, transporte de sedimentos e qualidade da água na bacia do córrego Monjolo Grande

Understanding the linkages between the natural elements is essential for being promoted the land use, occupation and sustainable management of environmental systems. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), as a predictive model of erosion, is important to allowing the prevention of possible environmental impacts which may drastically interfere in natural or anthropic environments, as well as prevent potential financial wastes and even contribute to greater efficiency of agricultural production. This research will be working some USLE parameters, emphasizing topographic factor from Ribeirão Monjolo Grande watershed. Among the factors considered by the USLE, the Topographic Factor interferes directly in the erosive dynamic of a watershed because it involves variables related to hydrological processes that occur on it. In this research, were discussed different methods for obtaining the Topographic Factor (BERTONI e LOMBARDI NETO, 1985; MOORE e BURCH, 1986; DESMET E GOVERS, 1996) in GIS environment. After comparison between the methods, was indicated that best represents the conditions of geometry strand of the study area. Finally, other factors (R, K, C, P) considered by the USLE were obtained. The attainment of these parameters were guided by the use of geotechnologies, especially in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with the assistance of secondary data and periodic field visits. The results obtained contributed to the understanding of hydrosedimentological dynamic in this area and serve as a viable strategy for studies of soil loss, aiming at developing consistent material for future researches about environmental planning and land management

A influência das características morfométricas e de uso da terra na morfodinâmica: um estudo da alta bacia do Rio Itanhaém - Baixada Santista/SP

Diante do desenfreado uso da terra, gerando impactos muitas vezes irreversíveis, o planejamento ambiental insere-se como uma ferramenta atualmente necessária. Visto que é sob o relevo que se consolidam as atividades antrópicas, a cartografia do relevo surge como um importante instrumento, indicando setores cujas características naturais impõem limites ao uso da terra. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as características geomorfológicas da alta bacia do Rio Itanhaém, com ênfase à questão morfográfica e morfométrica do relevo, avaliando também as modificações impostas a este em decorrência do uso da terra, contribuindo, portanto, com a gestão ambiental desta área. Para tanto, foram elaborados documentos cartográficos capazes de evidenciar as características do relevo que impõem limites ao uso antrópico, a saber: as cartas morfométricas (carta de declividade, carta de dissecação vertical, carta de dissecação horizontal e carta de energia do relevo), que são documentos que evidenciam a suscetibilidade potencial do relevo sob a influência da ação das águas e gravitacional; a carta geomorfológica (cenário de 1962), que possibilita a espacialização das formas do relevo, contribuindo para a análise da morfodinâmica; e as cartas de uso da terra (cenário de 1962 e 2000), que, em conjunto com os documentos já especificados, possibilitam a análise da influência da atuação antrópica sob o sistema relevo. De maneira geral, pôde-se detectar problemas na morfodinâmica da área de estudo, evidenciados pela presença de feições denudacionais localizadas, tais como sulcos erosivos, voçorocas, ravina e cicatrizes de escorregamentos, os quais vinculam-se ao potencial natural que o relevo da área de estudo possui ao desencadeamento de processos morfogenéticos; à dinamização de processos naturais pela atuação antrópica... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Identificação e mapeamento da dinâmica fluvial com fins à avaliação da sensibilidade ao derrame de óleo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Um olhar estratégico para o Projeto “Cenários Ambientais 2020” proposto pela Secretaria de Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo

In recent years the development based on a pattern of production and consumption in large-scale, established relations with degrading the environment, jeopardizing the availability of natural resources. From then on, it became necessary to integrate the environmental dimension to the other planning issues, appearing then the Environmental Planning. The objective of the Environmental Planning generally defined by society, aims help in making decisions; subsidized by a diagnosis at the same time identify and define objectives more environmentally suitable to assist in developing public policy. Thus, the development of prospective scenarios together by experts and stakeholders assists in public policy development and decision-making. In 2007, seeking to structure environmental management in the State, the Department of the Environment of São Paulo has created 21 Strategic Environmental Projects, including the project Cenários Ambientais 2020 with the goal of developing public policy proposals for medium and long term from prospective environmental scenarios. This paper reviews the methodologies used in constructing the scenarios in this project; sought to evaluate the construction process according to what is proposed by Alcamo and Henrichs (2008); and investigated the context that encouraged the development of the project

Valores de futuros engenheiros ambientais sobre o meio ambiente

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Dinâmica pluvial e turismo em Corumbataí - SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Determinação de áreas prioritárias para conservação na zona de amortecimento de UC de proteção integral: o caso da Estação Ecológica de Ribeirão Preto, SP

Observa-se como estratégia mundial para a conservação da biodiversidade a criação de unidades de conservação. No Brasil, especificamente no Estado de São Paulo, devido a intensa degradação da Mata Atlântica, verifica-se a criação de unidades de proteção integral, a fim de se preservar de modo restrito os recursos naturais que ainda lhe restam. Na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, uma região com alto desempenho agrícola e intensa expansão urbana, constata-se a presença de uma Estação Ecológica (EERP), fragmento florestal de 154,16 ha, altamente isolado e fragmentado. Assim, a EERP e sua zona de amortecimento (ZA) vêm sendo fortemente pressionada pela expansão urbana e agrícola da região, comprometendo a sua integridade ecossistêmica. Dentre os impactos negativos gerados destacam-se: alta especulação imobiliária e o intenso cultivo de monoculturas, que contribuem para a degradação do solo nas regiões do entorno. A fim de se reduzir tais impactos, o presente trabalho buscou apresentar um prognóstico de planejamento ambiental para a ZA da EERP, a qual se encontra altamente impactada, segundo os critérios definidos por Ranieri (2004). Desse modo, criou-se cenários ideais para a preservação dos recursos naturais do local

Erosão hídrica e transporte de sedimentos na bacia do Ribeirão Cachoeirinha, Rio Claro (SP)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Zoneamento do escoamento superficial da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Paciência, Ilha do Maranhão-MA

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Potencial de ocorrência de avarias ambientais em bacias hidrográficas com ocupação rural mediante análise morfométrica

The understanding of the geo-morphological characteristics allows the identification of flood areas and instability slopes among others important features for land use planning. The study of the hydrological net and the analysis of morphometric parameters help in the geomorphologic characterization, providing specific physics indicators that quantify the risks for environmental damages. The present work used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and carried out the morphometric analysis of two watersheds in the Alto Rio Sorocaba, municipality of Ibiuna (SP). Using digitalized topographic bases in the scale 1:50,000, the main morphometric parameters were extracted and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was obtained. Hence the slope, ground illumination, hill orientation and relief feature maps were elaborated. The characteristics for the two watersheds were quite similar, both have low risks for floods and landslides. Therefore, the concave feature is the predominant hill shape for both watersheds. The morphometric parameters directly related to the river density of the watersheds showed some differences, because the Sorocabuçú watershed presents higher value, resulting in a higher level of relief development. Thus, with this characterization it is possible to provide subsidies for environmental planning actions to the area.

Balanço entre intemperismo químico e remoção do solo na bacia do Ribeirão Monjolo Grande, Ipeúna (SP), determinado por geoquímica fluvial

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Simulações de onda de cheia na sub-bacia do Ribeirão Claro - SP

Watersheds are considered important study units when it comes to environmental planning, with regard to the optimal use of water resources. Water scarcity is predicted and feared by many societies, and proves to be an increasingly tangible problem nowadays. Still from the perspective of extreme events, this dissertation considers the study of flood waves in the sub-basin of the stream Claro, which belongs to the Corumbataí watershed. - SP, since thay can also have devastating effects for the population, A Decision Support System for Flood Routing Analysis in Complex Basins, ABC 6 software was applied in order to obtain hydrographs and peak flows in the sub-basin of the stream Claro, for return periods of 10 and 100 years, aiming to comprise events of different magnitudes. The model Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and the triangular SCS hydrograph were adopted for the simulations. Simultaneously, the Kokei Uehara method was applied for the obtainment of peak flow values under the same conditions, seeking to compare results. Data collection was performed using geoprocessing tools. For data entry in ABC 6, the fragmentation of sub-basin of the stream Claro was necessary, which generated 7 small watersheds, in order to fulfill a software demand, as the maximum drainage area it accepts is 50km² for each watershed analyzed. For RT = 10 and 100 years, respectively, the results of peak flow with use of ABC 6 were 46.10 and 95.45 m³/s, while for Kokei Uehara method, the results were 47.17 and 65.26 m³/s. The adoption of a single value of discretization time for all watersheds was indicated as limitation of ABC 6, which interfered in the final results. Kokei method Uehara considered the sub-basin of the stream Claro as a whole, which reduced the error accumulation probability

Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais nas propriedades rurais do alto curso da bacia do Ribeirão Vai e Vem, munícipio de Santo Anastácio (SP)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Distribuição espacial dos incêndios em vegetação registrados pelo 2º Sub-Grupamento do Corpo de Bombeiros de Rio Claro/SP e o tempo atmosférico entre 2009 e 2013

Many fire occurrences in vegetation happen annually in the city of Rio Claro, causing material losses, environmental damage and discomfort to population. When identified the source, notes that the higher index is intentional, however, climatic factors such as wind speed, temperature, relative air humidity, rainfall, or even the local relief also affects in the spread and its devastating effects. Scientific studies that would assist the local community in the prevention and repression of them still are scarce. This way, the work has as objective contributes in the understanding of the relationship among the fire occurrences in vegetation registered (recorded) by Fire Department of Rio Claro/SP, and their relationships with the atmospheric time. To achieve this goal was made to build a database related to fires in vegetation during the years 2009-2013, and subsequently correlated with data of precipitation and relative humidity the air, provided by Center for Analysis and Planning Environmental (CEAPLA). The result identified the profile of the fires, the seasons of higher frequency, neighborhoods and districts with the highest number of records and correlate events with climatic factors that act in the ignition, propagation and control of fires in the Municipal district of Rio Claro/SP

Sistema de Informações Geográficas aplicado ao diagnóstico do uso da terra da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego São Caetano - Botucatu (SP)

The study aimed to obtain the land use of the watershed Stream São Caetano - Botucatu (SP), through the satellite image. The cartographic databases were: planialtimetric letter in digital format (IBGE) used in georeferencing, and satellite image. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -IDRISI Selva was use to perform the image georeferencing and to do the final thematic map. In the software CAD - CartaLinx, it was performed the delimitation of the area under study (boundary, drainage network and areas of use and coverage). The land use of the watershed showed that pasture was the class which occupied most of the area, with 34.51% (1117,94 ha), the remainder of the area was urban (692,19ha), forests (809,79ha), cultures (599,96ha) and a very small part of reforestation (19,53ha). The use of remote sensing and geoprocessing were very satisfactory in the present work. Technologies must be increasingly used in agricultural and environmental studies, because technological tools, such as Geographic Information System (GIS), present speed, efficiency, reliable results, helping in increasing sustainability