Effect of architectural angularity on refugia selection by the brown spider, Loxosceles gaucho

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Abrigos diurnos, composição de colônias, dimorfismo sexual e reprodução do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy) (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Embora informações acerca da composição das colônias do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810) sejam importantes para o controle de suas populações, poucos estudos a esse respeito foram desenvolvidos no Brasil. São apresentadas aqui informações obtidas de colônias de D. rotundus encontradas em 12 abrigos diurnos no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, em 1999 e 2000. em geral, os abrigos naturais e artificiais não possuíam grandes dimensões e estruturalmente variaram entre si. O formato dos abrigos interferiu na distribuição dos indivíduos das colônias no interior dos abrigos. Essas colônias continham, em média, 130 indivíduos distribuídos em três locais no interior dos abrigos. Havia também diversos indivíduos vivendo isolados ou em pequenos grupos dispersos. A proporção entre os sexos dos morcegos capturados foi de 1 macho: 1,37 fêmeas e, em sua maioria, os morcegos capturados eram adultos (89%). Dimorfismo sexual foi verificado estatisticamente no comprimento dos antebraços e na massa corporal, sendo as fêmeas maiores que os machos. A maior parte dos machos adultos (87%) estava sexualmente ativo, mas 65,5% das fêmeas adultas não estavam grávidas.

Competition between local potentials and attractive particle-particle interactions in superlattices

Naturally occuring or man-made systems displaying periodic spatial modulations of their properties on a nanoscale constitute superlattices. Such modulated structures are important both as prototypes of simple nanotechnological devices and as particular examples of emerging spatial inhomogeneity in interacting many-electron systems. Here we investigate the effect different types of modulation of the system parameters have on the ground-state energy and the charge-density distribution of the system. The superlattices are described by the inhomogeneous attractive Hubbard model, and the calculations are performed by density-functional and density-matrix renormalization group techniques. We find that modulations in local electric potentials are much more effective in shaping the system's properties than modulations in the attractive on-site interaction. This is the same conclusion we previously [M.F. Silva, N.A. Lima, A.L. Malvezzi, K. Capelle, Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 125130.] obtained for repulsive interactions, suggesting that it is not an artifact of a specific state, but a general property of modulated structures. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Isolation and identification of black yeasts by enrichment on atmospheres of monoaromatic hydrocarbons

Black yeast members of the Herpotrichiellaceae present a complex ecological behavior: They are often isolated from rather extreme environments polluted with aromatic hydrocarbons, while they are also regularly involved in human opportunistic infections. A selective technique to promote the in vitro growth of herpotrichiellaceous fungi was applied to investigate their ecophysiology. Samples from natural ecological niches and man-made environments that might contain black yeasts were enriched on an inert solid support at low humidity and under a controlled atmosphere rich in volatile aromatic hydrocarbons. Benzene, toluene, and xylene were provided separately as the sole carbon and energy source via the gas phase. The assayed isolation protocol was highly specific toward mesophilic Exophiala species (70 strains of this genus out of 71 isolates). Those were obtained predominantly from creosote-treated railway ties (53 strains), but isolates were also found on wild berries (11 strains) and in guano-rich soil samples (six strains). Most of the isolates were obtained on toluene (43 strains), but enrichments on xylene and benzene also yielded herpotrichiellaceous fungi (17 and 10 isolates, respectively). Based upon morphological characterizations and DNA sequences of the full internal transcriber spacers (ITS) and the 8.5S rRNA genes, the majority of the obtained isolates were affiliated to the recently described species Exophiala xenobiotica (32 strains) and Exophiala bergeri (nine strains). Members of two other phylogenetic groups (24 and two strains, respectively) somewhat related to E. bergeri were also found, and a last group (three strains) corresponded to an undescribed Exophiala species. © 2010 The Author(s).

Price elasticity of Central American agricultural exports

Includes bibliography

Um panorama sobre roll waves em escoamentos laminares e turbulentos com superfície livre

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O conceito de conscientização nos parâmetros curriculares nacionais

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Diagnóstico do sitema de prevenção e combate a incêndios florestais na Fazenda Monte Alegre em Agudos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Proposta para priorização de atividades de remediação no município de São Paulo através da técnica de tomada de decisão multicriterial

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Electronic data interchange in port management: the experience of the port of Barcelona

Every port is unique. Although all ports exist for the same basic purpose (to act as an interface in the transfer from one mode of transport to another), no two are ever organized in the same way.Ports may be classified according to: Physical conditions: location (geographical position, man-made or natural harbour, estuary location, difficult weather conditions, tides, etc.) and size (large, small or medium-sized). Use: commercial (general cargo, bulk solids, bulk liquids, oil, break bulk, mixed), passenger, sport and leisure, fishing, mixed, etc. Ownership: private, municipal, regional or State-owned. The Port Authority's role in management of the port: Overall control, i.e. the Port Authority plans, sets up and operates the whole range of services. Facilitator, i.e. the Port Authority plans and sets up the infrastructure and the superstructure, but services are provided by private companies. Landlord, i.e. the Port Authority allows private companies to be responsible for the superstructure and provide port services. Different combinations of port types will therefore give rise to different kinds of organization and different information flows, which means that the associated information systems may differ significantly from port to port. Since this paper relates to the port of Barcelona, with its own specific characteristics, the contents may not always be applicable to other ports.

An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the water sector in Saint Vincent and The Grenadines

Water security which is essential to life and livelihood, health and sanitation, is determined not only by the water resource, but also by the quality of water, the ability to store surplus from precipitation and runoff, as well as access to and affordability of supply. All of these measures have financial implications for national budgets. The water sector in the context of the assessment and discussion on the impact of climate change in this paper includes consideration of the existing as well as the projected available water resource and the demand in terms of: quantity and quality of surface and ground water, water supply infrastructure - collection, storage, treatment, distribution, and potential for adaptation. Wastewater management infrastructure is also considered a component of the water sector. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has two distinct hydrological regimes: mainland St Vincent is one of the wetter islands of the eastern Caribbean whereas the Grenadines have a drier climate than St Vincent. Surface water is the primary source of water supply on St Vincent, whereas the Grenadines depend on man-made catchments, rainwater harvesting, wells, and desalination. The island state is considered already water stressed as marked seasonality in rainfall, inadequate supply infrastructure, and institutional capacity constrains water supply. Economic modelling approaches were implemented to estimate sectoral demand and supply between 2011 and 2050. Residential, tourism and domestic demand were analysed for the A2, B2 and BAU scenarios. In each of the three scenarios – A2, B2 and BAU Saint Vincent and the Grenadines will have a water gap represented by the difference between the two curves during the forecast period of 2011 and 2050. The amount of water required increases steadily between 2011 and 2050 implying an increasing demand on the country‘s resources as reflected by the fact that the water supply that is available cannot respond adequately to the demand. The Global Water Partnership in its 2005 policy brief suggested that the best way for countries to build the capacity to adapt to climate change will be to improve their ability to cope with today‘s climate variability (GWP, 2005). This suggestion is most applicable for St Vincent and the Grenadines, as the variability being experienced has already placed the island nation under water stress. Strategic priorities should therefore be adopted to increase water production, increase efficiency, strengthen the institutional framework, and decrease wastage. Cost benefit analysis was stymied by data availability, but the ―no-regrets approach‖ which intimates that adaptation measures will be beneficial to the land, people and economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines with or without climate change should be adopted.

Avaliação da exatidão cartográfica de dados SRTM e atualização da carta plani-altimétrica Salinópolis - NE do Pará

As informações topográficas existentes para o território brasileiro, na escala 1:100.000, cobrem apenas 75,39% da área nacional, restando ainda imensos vazios cartográficos, principalmente na região Amazônica. Essas informações eram oriundas de métodos de restituição aerofotogramétricas, aplicados em fotos aéreas das décadas de 60 a 80. Devido à grande complexidade dos métodos empregados e a outros problemas de ordem técnico-financeira, grande parte das cartas plani-altimétricas está desatualizada, fato que compromete a utilização das mesmas. Atualmente, as informações topográficas são largamente extraídas a partir de modelos digitais de elevação, como por exemplo, as imagens do Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Neste trabalho, o modelo de elevação do SRTM foi analisado com base no Padrão de Exatidão Cartográfica (PEC) altimétrico, na atualização altimétrica da carta Plani-altimétrica Salinópolis do ano de 1982. A análise do PEC altimétrico do SRTM referente à região de Salinópolis, revelou que o mesmo pode ser utilizado na escala 1:50.000 classe C e escala 1:100.000 classe A. Já que as imagens SRTM são compatíveis com a escala e classe da carta Salinópolis, utilizou-se a versão original do SRTM (90 metros resolução espacial) para atualização altimétrica da carta Salinópolis e imagens TM Landsat-5, como base planimétrica, seguindo os parâmetros adotados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Com a atualização da carta constatou-se várias diferenças, principalmente em relação à planimetria. A atualização das cartas é de grande importância, principalmente em regiões costeiras, devido à dinâmica e intensidade dos diferentes processos naturais e antrópicos atuantes, além disso, esta metodologia pode servir de base para a atualização de outras cartas e até mesmo a geração de novas cartas em locais de vazios cartográficos, resolvendo assim a questão da falta de informação topográfica em determinadas escalas. Palavras-chave: SRTM, atualização cartográfica, carta plani-altimétrica, Amazônia.

Análise ergonômica de instrumentos líticos pré-históricos brasileiros: uma contribuição para a história da ergonomia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diagnóstico populacional e comportamental de saguis-de-tufo-preto (Callithrix penicillata) em ambiente peri-urbano

The black-tufted-marmoset (Callithrix penicillata), abundant in the southeastern state of São Paulo, is an exotic and invasive species . The present study aimed to study the behavior and make monitoring a population black-tufted-marmoset in man-made environment. The observations were made following the method of scan sampling, which consists of continuous observations with a duration of three minutes with a fifteen-minute intervals between one record and another. The individuals are monitored at two locations on campus, where two groups were identified (with a mean of 3.50 ± 2.06 individuals) totaling 291 hours and 30 minutes of observation. Were determined tree layers used, and observed that the group of EC preferably utilizes the highest stratum, while the group of LCF uses the middle and lower strata. Types of vocalization, such as calling, interaction and alert and frequency and percentage of these were also observed. The food items consumed by the groups that are similar in the two study sites, mostly sap and leaves were diagnosed. From observations of behavioral patterns was possible to construct an ethogram of the species ' Luiz de Queiroz ' campus, comprising the behaviors of vocalization, locomotion, foraging, game, among others. The results may be useful for development of management techniques and for subsequent studies

Geotecnologias para a análise da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Wenzel - Rio Claro/SP: proposta de gestão de recursos hídricos

The expansion of urban in medium-sized citie, increase the importance of action planning and management of natural resources, among which water is the most important. Such action should include the integration of physical and man-made elements involved. In this context, it becomesimportant for watershed analysis and the use of geotecnologies. Thus, the objective was to demonstrate the contribution of the geo, as a tool for managing a river basin, allowing the integration of physical data and the analysis of anthropogenic environmental scenarios in urban areas. The area chosen, the basin of the Wenzel, is located in Rio Claro / SP, a city whose urbanization process has been intense and continuous. Thematic maps were generated from the physical environment: soil, slope and geological, as well as maps of land use. With regard to land use maps, these were drawn from the visual interpretation of material aerophotogrammetric, considering the years 1995 and 2010, performing an evolutionary analysis. It was observed that the area presents small variation in the physical and structural aspects, with lithological and geomorphological formation favoring the occurrence of floods, erosion and siltation. These processes are accelerated by the forms of land use, with intense urbanization during the period between 1995 and 2010, and poor preservation of permanent preservation areasand. In the floodplain areas there is a high waste disposal is the most notable environmental problem