Transferencia de tecnología “Protección y Pre secado de frijol con cubierta plástica” en Departamentos de Nueva Guinea, Matagalpa y Nueva Segovia con Proyecto Red de Innovación Agrícola del Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura: Informe de Pasantía 2014

La pasantía como forma de culminación de estudios es la vinculación del egresado al mundo laboral en función del ejercicio profesional y se orientan al desarrollo de competencias del perfil de la carrera. El período de pasantías se efectuó en El Proyecto Red de Innovación Agrícola, iniciando de Junio a Diciembre 2014. La pasantía como forma de culminación de estudios estudios consiste en poner en práctica los conocimientos adquiridos por el estudiante durante su vida estudiantil permitiendo al pasante ampliar conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas. El informe está estructurado en 10 capítulos los cuales se trabajaron según Normativa y procedimiento de la forma de culminación de estudios, para la ejecución de las actividades se coordinó con el enlace técnico del proyecto durante los seis meses de pasantía. El Proyecto es ejecutado por el Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura con recursos donados por el pueblo suizo a través de la Cooperación Suiza en América Central, su labor principal es la búsqueda, captura y difusión de tecnologías apropiadas y demandadas por los pequeños productores de maíz y frijol del istmo centroamericano, para mejorar sus sistemas de producción y contribuir al mejoramiento de los ingresos. Durante el periodo de pasantía en el proyecto el pasante tuvo la oportunidad de colaborar en difusión de la tecnología protección y procesado de frijol con cubierta plástica en los días de campo, al igual colaboró con la logística en los diferentes talleres. En el informe encontramos dos funciones realizadas por el pasante como es, facilitador del proceso de difusión de la tecnología Protección y pre secado de frijol con cubierta plástica en Nueva Guinea, Matagalpa y Nueva Segovia y Analista de base de datos, en cada función se detalla cada actividad realizada por el pasante en el área de trabajo. Uno de los resultados obtenidos mediante la pasantía, es la colaboración en la difusión de la tecnología Protección y pre secado de frijol con cubierta plástica, donde el pasante brindo información de la tecnología a un total de 273 productores que participaron en los tres días de campo realizándose uno por territorio. Como una lección Aprendida de acuerdo a los resultados fue la interacción e intercambio de experiencia con productores mediante días de campo en la presentación de tecnología, teniendo en cuenta que el productor juega un papel muy importante y fundamental ya que son los que deciden si adoptan una tecnología o no. Como conclusión se puede decir que a medida que se va ejecutando la pasantía se hace familiar la labor y se va obteniendo nuevos conocimientos y más ampliados sobre la misma. Como una recomendación enfocada a la Universidad es dar mejor seguimiento para los pasantes durante el periodo de pasantía, constando en supervisión al pasante.

Efecto de la aplicación in vitrio de colchicina sobre caracteres morfológicos y ciclógicos en plantas de quequisque (Xanthosoma violaceum Schott) Cv. Nueva Guinea

La poliploidía es un mecanismo evolutivo en algunos grupos de animales y vegetales que les confiere ventajas adaptativas al medio donde se desarrollan; mayor vigor, tamaño y características deseables para el hombre. La manipulación de la ploidía es utilizada en el fitomejoramiento para producir cultivares mejorados. La colchicina es ampliamente aplicada en la inducción de poliploides. Indicadores morfológicos y citológicos son utilizados como métodos indirectos para proyectar poliploidías en plantas. El quequisque (Xanthosoma violaceum Schott) mundialmente es atacado por el Mal seco (Pythium myriotylum), que reduce hasta en 100% los rendimientos. No existen cultivares diploides resistentes a la enfermedad. A plantas del cultivar Nueva Guinea se aplicó in vitro 0.0, 6.25, 12.5, 18.75 y 25 mg l-1 de colchicina (tratamientos testigo, 1, 2, 3 y 4 respectivamente) por 40 días. En invernadero se evaluó la altura de planta, número, largo y ancho de hojas. Se cortó 1 cm2 del ápice, parte media y base de las hojas para evaluar con micrómetro la densidad y tamaño de estomas en la hoja y el número de cloroplastos. 23 días después del trasplante (ddt) los tratamientos registraron plantas estadísticamente diferentes en altura, largo y ancho de hojas. A los 53 ddt las plantas no registraron diferencias estadísticas entre los tratamientos en las variables morfológicas pero si en las variables citológicas. Las concentraciones de colchicina 18.75 y 25 mgl-1 indujeron disminuciones en la altura de planta, largo y ancho de hojas. Las concentraciones 6.25 y 12.5 mgl-1 resultaron en menor número de estomas por cm2, mayor tamaño de estomas y concentración de cloroplastos en estos.

Length-weight relationships of five species of the family Sparidae in the Gulf of Guinea

Length-weight relationships are presented by sex and by country for five species of the family Sparidae (Pugrus caeruleostictus, Pagellus bellottii, Dentex canariensis, Dentex congonensis, Dentex angolensis) sampled in April 1990 during the Guinea '90 trawling survey off Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana.

Prolonged cardiac xenograft survival in guinea pig-to-rat model by a highly active cobra venom factor

A highly active cobra venom factor (CVF) was isolated from the venom of Naja kaouthia by sequential column chromatography. It displays strong anticomplementary activity, and has 1515 U of anti complementary activity per mg protein. A single dose of 0.1 mg/kg CVF given i.v. to rats completely abrogated complement activity for nearly 5 days. Given 0.02 mg/kg of CVF. the complement activity of rats was reduced by more than 96.5% in 6 It. In guinea pig-to-rat heart transplant model, rats treated with a single dose of 0.05 mg/kg CVF had significantly prolonged xenograft survival (56.12 +/- 6.27 h in CVF-treated rats vs. 0.19 +/- 0.07 h in control rats, P < 0.001). (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The nature and origin of deep ocean clay crust from the Gulf of Guinea

Deep ocean sediments off the west coast of Africa exhibit a peculiar undrained strength profile in the form of a crust, albeit of exceptionally high water content, overlying normally consolidated clay. Hot-oil pipelines are installed into these crustal sediments, so their origins and characteristics are of great interest to pipeline designers. This paper provides evidence for the presence of burrowing invertebrates in crust material, and for the way sediment properties are modified through their creation of burrows, and through the deposition of faecal pellets. A variety of imaging techniques are used to make these connections, including photography, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray computer tomography. However, the essential investigative technology is simply the wet-sieving of natural cores, which reveals that up to 60% by dry mass of the crustal material can consist of smooth, highly regular, sand-sized capsules that have been identified as the faecal pellets of invertebrates such as polychaetes. Mechanical tests reveal that these pellets are quite robust under effective stresses of the order of 10 kPa, acting like sand grains within a matrix of fines. Their abundance correlates closely with the measured strength of the crust. While this can easily be accepted in the context of a pellet fraction as high as 60%, the question arises how a smaller proportion of pellets, such as 20%, is apparently able to enhance significantly the strength of a sediment that otherwise appears to be normally consolidated. A hypothesis is suggested based on the composition of the matrix of fines around the pellets. These appear to consist of agglomerates of clay platelets, which may be the result of the breakdown of pellets by other organisms. Their continued degradation at depths in excess of 1 m is taken to explain the progressive loss of crustal strength thereafter.

Guinea Ecuatorial: ricamente pobre

De acuerdo a la normativa de TFEs el repositorio no puede dar acceso a este trabajo. Para consultarlo póngase en contacto con el tutor del trabajo. Puede acceder al resumen del mismo pinchando en el pdf adjunto

Planning humanitarian projects with educational focus in Guinea rural areas

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Acção Humanitária, Cooperação e Desenvolvimento

Institutional designs of customary fisheries management arrangements in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Mexico

There are considerable efforts by governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and academia to integrate marine conservation initiatives and customary practices, such as taboos that limit resource use. However, these efforts are often pursued without a fundamental understanding of customary institutions. This paper examines the operational rules in use and the presence of institutional design principles in long-enduring and dynamic customary fisheries management institutions in Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Mexico. Rather than a "blue print" for devising long-enduring institutions, this study relies on the design principles as a starting point to organize an inquiry into the institutional diversity found in customary governance regimes. Three important trends emerged from this comparative analysis: (1) despite it being notoriously difficult to define boundaries around marine resources, almost 3/4 of the cases in this study had clearly defined boundaries and membership; (2) all of the customary institutions were able to make and change rules, indicating a critical degree of flexibility and autonomy that may be necessary for adaptive management; (3) the customary institutions examined generally lacked key interactions with organizations operating at larger scales, suggesting that they may lack the institutional embeddedness required to confront some common pool resources (CPR) challenges from the broader socioeconomic, institutional and political settings in which they are embedded. Future research will be necessary to better understand how specific institutional designs are related to social and ecological outcomes in commons property institutions. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

Polychaetes associated with echinoderms in Hansa Bay (Madang Province, Papua New Guinea)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Growth and breeding of a primitive stalked barnacle Leucolepas longa (Cirripedia: Scalpellomorpha: Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) inhabiting a volcanic seamount off Papua New Guinea

A pedunculate barnacle, Leucolepas longa, occurs in densities over 1000 individuals m[minus sign]2 on the summit of a small seamount near New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. Most of the population grows on vesicomyid clams projecting from sulphide-rich sediments, or on their dead shells, but the barnacle also settles on rock and on tubes of a vestimentiferan. Collections of several hundred barnacles allowed comparison of population and reproductive characteristics. The barnacle is a suspension feeder with a lightly-armoured stalk that can grow to 40 cm above the bottom. Growth appears to be rapid and both reproduction and recruitment are continuous. The barnacles brood egg masses within the capitular chamber and 46% of one sample was brooding. Lecithotrophic nauplii released upon retrieval to the surface were cultivated for 45 days. Metamorphosis to Stage IV yielded an actively swimming larva about 1 mm long overall, which still contained lipid reserves, indicating capacity for wide dispersal

Levels of glucose and triglycerides in seminal plasma and spermatic motility in guinea pig fed with 10% more in digestible energy

The objective the study was to determine the levels of glucose and triglycerides in seminal plasma of 10 guinea pigs, which were fed for a period of 2 months with a diet containing 10% more ED. The level of glucose found in seminal plasma was 11.59 ± 0.5 mg/dL and triglyceride value was 55.95 ± 3.2 mg/dL, while the motility was 97% on average. We conclude that in guinea pigs the levels both glucose and triglycerides were increased by major level of ED in feed, but the spermatic motility was not.

TRANSIENT LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED CYTOKINE RESPONSES IN THE MATERNAL AND FETAL GUINEA PIG

The aim of this study was to further investigate the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of fetal cererbral white matter injury associated with chorioamnionitis by charaterizing the time course of the cytokine response in the pregnant guinea pig following a maternal inflammatory insult. Chorioamnionitis increases the risk for fetal brain injury. In the guinea pig, a threshold maternal inflammatory response must be reached for significant fetal brain injury to occur. However, a previous study demonstrated that, by seven days after an acute maternal inflammatory insult, cytokine levels in both maternal and fetal compartments are not different from controls. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to test the hypothesis that a significant cytokine response occurs within the first seven days following an acute maternal inflammatory response. Pregnant guinea pigs (n=34) were injected intraperitoneally with 100µg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 70% gestation and euthanized at 24 hours, 48 hours or 5 days following endotoxin exposure. Control animals were euthanized at 70% gestation without exposure. Concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin 1-β and tumour necrosis factor-α (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) were quantified in the maternal serum and amniotic fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-6 and IL-1β concentrations were elevated in the maternal serum at 24 hours and returned to control levels by five days. In the amniotic fluid, IL-6 peaked at 48 hours and IL-1β at 24 hours. TNF-α levels were not significantly increased. A single maternal LPS injection produces transient increases in cytokine concentrations in the maternal serum and amniotic fluid. This further implicates the cytokines as potential mediators of fetal white matter damage. Although this response might not be sufficient to produce the brain injury itself, it may initiate harmful pro-inflammatory cytokine cascades, which could even continue to harm the fetus following delivery. A human diagnostic protocol was developed to assess the use of serial serum biomarkers, including IL-6 and TNF-α, in the prediction of histological chorioamnionitis. Preliminary analysis of the pilot study suggests that certain biomarkers might be worthy of further investigation in a larger-scale study.