Isolation and molecular identification of Fusobacterium nucleatum from Nigerian patients with oro-facial infections.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most common anaerobic bacteria present in the oral cavity and is often isolated from infections involving other body sites. To characterise F. nucleatum strains from patients attending a teaching hospital in Nigeria in order to provide information on the methods for accurate identification of anaerobes in clinical specimen. Fusobacterium nucleatum specie from 50 patients presenting with oro-facial infections were studied by culture on Fusobacterium selective agar and fastidious anaerobe agar. The isolates were characterised based on colonial morphology, microscopy, lipase production, susceptibility to kanamycin and colistin and resistance to vancomycin. Biochemical tests were performed using a commercial test kit. The identity of the isolates was confirmed based on molecular characterization performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Forty-eight (96%) F. nucleatum isolates were obtained from the 50 patients by culture and all the isolates were identified by colonial appearance and microscopy based on their unique spindle shape with tapered ends. Only 26 (54.2%) of the 48 isolates were identified by commercial API 20A test kit while PCR confirmed the identity of all the isolates. Anaerobes are involved in human infections and their study is quite cumbersome due to tedious nature and high cost of the techniques involved. Cultural method is reliable in the isolation and identification of F. nucleatum species. PCR is a rapid and simple method that can complement the phenotypic identification of anaerobes and would assist in their full identification.

Validity of the 'protocol of oro-facial myofunctional evaluation with scores' for young and adult subjects

The aims of this study were to analyse the validity, sensitivity and specificity of the protocol of oro-facial myofunctional evaluation with scores (OMES) for oro-facial myofunctional disorder (OMD) diagnosis in young and adult subjects. Eighty subjects were examined. The OMES was validated against the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S) protocol (criterion validity) (Spearman correlation test). The construct validity was tested by analysis of the ability of the OMES (i) to differentiate healthy subjects (n = 22) from temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients (n = 22), which frequently have OMD (MannWhitney test) and (ii) to measure the changes that occurred in a subgroup with TMD between the period before and after oro-facial myofunctional therapy (T group, n = 15) (Wilcoxon test). Two speech therapists trained with the OMES participated as examiners (E). There was a statistically significant correlation between the OMES and NOT-S protocols, which was negative because the two scales are inverse (r = -0.86, P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between the healthy and TMD subjects regarding the oro-facial myofunctional status (OMES total score, P = 0.003). After therapy, the T group showed improvement in the oro-facial myofunctional status (OMES total score, P = 0.001). Inter- and intra-examiner agreement was moderate, and the reliability coefficients ranged from good to excellent. The OMES protocol presented mean sensitivity and specificity = 0.80, positive predictive value = 0.76 and negative predictive value = 0.84. Conclusion: The OMES protocol is valid and reliable for clinical evaluation of young and adult subjects, among them patients with TMD.

Proposta di traduzione del racconto "zolotye noznicy i tri prigorsni snega" ("le forbici d'oro e tre manciate di neve") di andrej kurkov

é presentata una proposta di traduzione dal russo all'italiano del racconto di Andrej Kurkov. Nell'introduzione vengono presentati l'autore, la sua opera e le principali difficoltà traduttive incontrate.

Nanoparticelle d'oro supportate su silice funzionalizzata: Sintesi, caratterizzazione e catalisi.

Sono stati sintetizzati catalizzatori eterogenei di oro supportati su silice funzionalizzata. Le specifiche funzionalità condensate sulla superficie del supporto sono in grado di ridurre HAuCl4, producendo nanoparticelle d’oro metalliche sferiche e stabilizzate sulla superficie, senza l’aggiunta di agenti riducenti e stabilizzanti. I catalizzatori sono attivi per la reazione di riduzione del 4-nitrofenolo (4-NP) a 4-amminofenolo (4-AP).

Sintesi di acido glucarico da d-glucosio con catalizzatori a base di oro nanoparticellare

L’utilizzo delle biomasse rappresenta oggi una delle vie più interessanti da percorrere nell’ambito di una chimica industriale maggiormente sostenibile, alternativa alla chimica tradizionale basata sulle risorse fossili. I carboidrati sono i costituenti maggioritari della biomassa e potrebbero rappresentare un’alternativa ideale al petrolio per la produzione dei building-blocks, molecole di partenza per lo sviluppo della filiera produttiva della chimica. Fra i building-blocks ottenibili dagli zuccheri vi è l’acido glucarico. I suoi usi sono molteplici ma suscita grande interesse soprattutto per la possibilità di essere utilizzato nella sintesi di diverse tipologie di polimeri. Attualmente la maggior parte dei metodi di sintesi di questa molecola prevedono l’utilizzo di ossidanti tossici o dannosi per l’ambiente come l’acido nitrico. Lo scopo di questo lavoro di tesi è stato lo studio di catalizzatori eterogenei per la sintesi di acido glucarico da D-glucosio utilizzando ossigeno puro come ossidante. Sono stati sintetizzati sistemi monometallici a base di oro e sistemi multimetallici contenenti oro ed altri metalli in lega. Tutti i catalizzatori sono stati preparati depositando i metalli sotto forma di nanoparticelle su carbone attivo. Lo studio dei catalizzatori è stato focalizzato sull’individuazione dei metalli e delle condizioni di reazione ottimali che permettano di aumentare la selettività in acido glucarico. Gli studi condotti hanno portato alla conclusione che è possibile ottenere acido glucarico a partire da D-glucosio con rese fino al 35% utilizzando catalizzatori a base di oro in presenza di ossigeno. Attualmente l’acido glucarico viene prodotto solo su piccola scala ma ulteriori sviluppi in questa direzione potrebbero aprire la strada allo sviluppo di un nuovo processo industriale per la sintesi di acido glucarico sostenibile sia da un punto di vista economico che ambientale.

Ephemere Architektur in Sevilla im „Siglo de Oro“ Die Feierlichkeiten zu Ehren Ferdinands III. 1671

Die Einwohner Sevillas wurden im 17. Jahrhundert Zeugen eines besonderen Ereignisses, der Seligsprechung Ferdinands III. von Kastilien und León. Zu seinen Ehren wurde ein Fest veranstaltet, das mit der phantasievollen und reichen Gestaltung seiner ephemeren Architekturen einen Sonderplatz in der Geschichte der andalusischen Stadt einnimmt. Diese Monumente wurden in einer Festpublikation, der für eine größtmögliche Anschaulichkeit Kupferstiche beigefügt wurden, ausführlich geschildert, was eine Rekonstruktion des Aussehens der vergänglichen Architekturen, ihrer vielschichtigen dekorativen Programme und nicht zuletzt der Intentionen hinter den Dekorationen möglich macht.

Metamorphic and geochronogical study of the Triassic El Oro metamorphic complex, Ecuador: Implications for high-temperature metamorphism in a forearc zone

In the forearc of the Andean active margin in southwest Ecuador, the El Oro metamorphic complex exhibits a well exposed tilted forearc section partially migmatized. We used Raman spectroscopy on carbonaceous matter (RSCM) thermometry and pseudosections coupled with mineralogical and textural studies to constrain the pressure–temperature (P–T) evolution of the El Oro metamorphic complex during Triassic times. Our results show that anatexis of the continental crust occurred by white-mica and biotite dehydration melting along a 10 km thick crustal domain (from 4.5 to 8 kbar) with increasing temperature from 650 to 700 °C. In the biotite dehydration melting zone, temperature was buffered at 750–820 °C in a 5 km thick layer. The estimated average thermal gradient during peak metamorphism is of 30 °C/km within the migmatitic domain can be partitioned into two apparent gradients parts. The upper part from surface to 7 km depth records a 40–45 °C/km gradient. The lower part records a quasi-adiabatic geotherm with a 10 °C/km gradient consistent with an isothermal melting zone. Migmatites U–Th–Pb geochronology yielded zircon and monazite ages of 229.3 ± 2.1 Ma and 224.5 ± 2.3 Ma, respectively. This thermal event generated S-type magmatism (the Marcabeli granitoid) and was immediately followed by underplating of the high-pressure low-temperature (HP-LT) Arenillas–Panupalí unit at 225.8 ± 1.8 Ma. The association of high-temperature low-pressure (HT-LP) migmatites with HP-LT unit constitutes a new example of a paired metamorphic belt along the South American margin. We propose that in addition to crustal thinning, underplating of the Piedras gabbroic unit before 230 Ma provided the heat source necessary to foster crustal anatexis. Furthermore, its MORB signature shows that the asthenosphere was involved as the source of the heat anomaly. S-type felsic magmatism is widespread during this time and suggests that a large-scale thermal anomaly affected a large part of the South American margin during the late Triassic. We propose that crustal anatexis is related to an anomaly that arose during subduction of the Panthalassa ocean under the South American margin. Slab verticalization or slab break-off can be invoked as the origin of the upwelling of the asthenosphere.

Ms. lat. qu. 125 - Libro d'Oro

Vorbesitzer: Johann Hieronymus Zum Jungen;