Karte eines Teiles der Mittelinsel von Nordland ("Insel der Oktober-Revolution") (Ergänzungsheft 216, Tafel 1, png-format 37 MB)

Unterlage für diese Karte bilden in der Hauptsache Aufnahmen, die mit der Zweifach-Reihenbildkammer am 28. Juli 1931 in der Zeit von 6 Uhr 30 Min. MGZ. bis 9 Uhr 45 Min. aufgenommen worden sind. Außerdem sechs Aufnahmen mit der Handmeßkammer. Zur Ergänzung konnten 14 Aufnahmen der Panoramakammer herangezogen werden. Die Karte umfaßt einen nördlichen Teil vom Sund der Roten Armee bis zum Beginn des Matussewitsch-Sees mit einem Teil der Nordostküste und einen südlichen Teil mit Schokalski-Sund und dessen östlicher Begrenzung durch die Südinsel. Zwischen beiden Teilen der Karte klafft eine Lücke, hervorgerufen durch eine für die photographische Aufnahme undurchdringliche Nebeldecke.

Two historical maps from nineteenth-century Palestine, with links to digitized maps in shapefile format

Reconstructing past landscapes from historical maps requires quantifying the accuracy and completeness of these sources. The accuracy and completeness of two historical maps of the same period covering the same area in Israel were examined: the 1:63,360 British Palestine Exploration Fund map (1871-1877) and the 1:100,000 French Levés en Galilée (LG) map (1870). These maps cover the mountainous area of the Galilee (northern Israel), a region with significant natural and topographical diversity, and a long history of human presence. Land-cover features from both maps, as well as the contours drawn on the LG map, were digitized. The overall correspondence between land-cover features shown on both maps was 59% and we found that the geo-referencing method employed (transformation type and source of control points) did not significantly affect these correspondence measures. Both maps show that in the 1870s, 35% of the Galilee was covered by Mediterranean maquis, with less than 8% of the area used for permanent agricultural cropland (e.g., plantations). This article presents how the reliability of the maps was assessed by using two spatial historical sources, and how land-cover classes that were mapped with lower certainty and completeness are identified. Some of the causes that led to observed differences between the maps, including mapping scale, time of year, and the interests of the surveyors, are also identified.

High resolution bathymetric compilation for Potter Cove, WAP, Antarctica, with links to data in ArcGIS format

The bathymetry raster with a resolution of 5 m x 5 m was processed from unpublished single beam data from the Argentine Antarctica Institute (IAA, 2010) and multibeam data from the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO, 2012) with a cell size of 5 m x 5 m. A coastline digitized from a satellite image (DigitalGlobe, 2014) supplemented the interpolation process. The 'Topo to Raster' tool in ArcMap 10.3 was used to merge the three data sets, while the coastline represented the 0-m-contour to the interpolation process ('contour type option').

ETOPO1 Global Relief Model converted to PanMap layer format

ETOPO1 is a 1 arc-minute global relief model of Earth's surface that integrates land topography and ocean bathymetry. It was built from numerous global and regional data sets. Data were converted to the PanMap layer format in 14 contour lines from 500 to 7000 meter in steps of 500 m. The link provides a zip-archive (1.1 MB) with *.lay files. The PanMap Mini-GIS software is published at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.104840.

Orthophotokarte Vernagtferner 1979 in jpg-Format (54 MB)

For the production of the orthophoto map Vernagtferner 1979, scale I: 10000, photographs of the flight "Hintereisferner 1979" were used, which have been found to be very suitable for differential rectification. Control points were determined before the flight took place. The processing of nine stereopairs was carried out on an analytical plotter. Simultaneously with the on-line plotting of the contour lines the reference data for the computation of the profiles for the differential rectification were recorded. The orthophoto map was covered by four aerial photographs. A smooth data transfer was ensured because the same computer was used for the data acquisition and the differential rectification. Two printing originals were prepared, one for the outline drawings with contour lines and another for the orthophoto. The print was done in black for the two copies. The data acquisition, the computation of the scanning profiles for the othoprojector and the procedure of the differential rectification are described. The reason for the use of on-line drawn contour lines is explained. Further applications, also for digital contour lines, are introduced. Possibilities for the achievement of high photo quality during the reproduction are discussed.