994 resultados para fontana, domenico


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O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar o levantamento semidetalhado de solos, na escala 1:10.000, da microbacia do córrego Pito Aceso, com aproximadamente 500 ha, inserida no distrito de Barra Alegre, município de Bom Jardim. Os procedimentos utilizados envolveram a geração de um banco dados digital, manipulação de produtos de sensoriamento remoto (imagens GeoEye) e a confecção de um modelo digital de elevação (MDE), buscando otimizar o mapeamento de solos no campo e facilitar a geração de mapas interpretativos úteis ao planejamento da área. As feições das pedopaisagens foram separadas e representadas por unidades de mapeamento e, definidas em função das classes de solo, condição de drenagem, vegetação original, relevo e material de origem. Nas áreas de várzeas, relacionadas aos sedimentos recentes do Quaternário, ocorrem os Gleissolos Háplicos. Já nas áreas elevadas, relacionadas com as litologias da Unidade Imbé do complexo Rio Negro foram identificados Argissolos, Cambissolos, Latossolos e Neossolos Litólicos, estes ocorrendo associados com Afloramentos de Rochas. Os resultados demonstraram que a utilização do modelo digital de elevação e de seus atributos do terreno derivados foram úteis na otimização dos trabalhos de campo e na delimitação das unidades de mapeamento, aumentando a precisão do mapa final, e contribuindo, assim, para a elaboração do plano de manejo conservacionista da microbacia.

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O novo mapa de solos do Brasil na escala 1:5.000.000, atualizado de acordo com o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (2006), possibilita a identificação e visualização das diferentes classes gerais de solos. O novo mapa se faz necessário para manter atualizada a informação de solos do país a partir dos mapas de solos do Brasil produzidos em 1981 pela Embrapa e o de 2001 pelo IBGE/EMBRAPA, acompanhando o avanço dos estudos de solos e o progresso contínuo do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos. As principais mudanças no mapa são de natureza taxonômica, não havendo qualquer alteração quanto à generalização cartográfica observada nos mapas anteriores. Da mesma forma que os mapas anteriores, exibe uma visão panorâmica da grande diversidade de solos do país, fornecendo informações para fins de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, planejamento territorial, compreensão da paisagem nacional para fins de zoneamentos e planejamentos regionais e estaduais em escalas generalizadas.

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A matéria orgânica é um importante elemento para a separação e classificação de horizontes dos solos nos diversos sistemas taxonômicos, devido à relação com a morfologia, atributos químicos, físicos e mineralógicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os teores de carbono orgânico e as rações húmicas dos horizontes superficiais e subsuperficiais dos solos da X Reunião Brasileira de Classificação e Correlação. Foram selecionados perfis e nestes, horizontes superficiais e subsuperficias que identificam as classes de solo. Em amostras de terra, foram determinados os teores do carbono orgânico do solo e das frações húmicas. A fração humina predominou, seguido da fração ácidos húmicos nos pedoambientes Salina e Capão (sedimentos arenosos e calcário), enquanto, para os demais pedoambientes a fração humina é seguida da fração ácidos fúlvicos. Exceção com o predomínio das frações alcalinosolúveis no horizonte A2 do perfil MS03 (Capão) e horizontes A2 e Bw1 do perfil MS17 (Planalto). Com base na distribuição das frações húmicas não foi detectado acúmulo das frações alcalinosolúveis para os horizontes subsuperficiais caracterizados como Bh dos perfis MS01 e MS12 (Salina).

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Offshore wind turbines supported on monopile foundations are dynamically sensitive because the overall natural frequencies of these structures are close to the different forcing frequencies imposed upon them. The structures are designed for an intended life of 25 to 30 years, but little is known about their long term behaviour. To study their long term behaviour, a series of laboratory tests were conducted in which a scaled model wind turbine supported on a monopile in kaolin clay was subjected to between 32,000 and 172,000 cycles of horizontal loading and the changes in natural frequency and damping of the model were monitored. The experimental results are presented using a non-dimensional framework based on an interpretation of the governing mechanics. The change in natural frequency was found to be strongly dependent on the shear strain level in the soil next to the pile. Practical guidance for choosing the diameter of monopile is suggested based on element test results using the concept of volumetric threshold shear strain.

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The aim of the present study is twofold. Firstly, the paper investigates the undrained cyclic and post-cyclic behaviour of two silica sands by means of multi-stage cyclic triaxial tests. Secondly, based on the post-cyclic response observed in the element test, the authors formulate a simplified stress–strain relationship that can be conveniently used for the construction of p–y curves for liquefiable soils. The multi-stage loading condition consists of an initial cyclic loading applied to cause liquefaction, followed by undrained monotonic loading that aimed to investigate the post-cyclic response of the liquefied sample. It was found that due to the tendency of the liquefied soil to dilate upon undrained shearing, the post-liquefaction strain–stress response was characterised by a distinct strain–hardening behaviour. The latter is idealized by means of a bi-linear stress–strain model, which can be conveniently formulated in terms of three parameters, i.e.: (i) take-off shear strain, γto, i.e. shear strain required to mobilize 1 kPa of shear strength; (b) initial secant shear modulus, G1, defined as 1/γto; (c) post-liquefied shear modulus at large strain, G2 (γ⪢γto). Based on the experimental results, it is concluded that these parameters are strongly influenced by the initial relative density of the sample, whereby γto decreases with increasing relative density. Differently both shear moduli (G1 and G2) increases with increasing relative density. Lastly, the construction of new p–y curves for liquefiable soils based on the idealized bi-linear model is described.

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One of the major challenges encountered in earthquake geotechnical physical modelling is to determine the effects induced by the artificial boundaries of the soil container on the dynamic response of the soil deposit. Over the past years, the use of absorbing material for minimising boundaries effects has become an increasing alternative solution, yet little systematic research has been carried out to quantify the dynamic performance of the absorbing material and the amount of energy dissipated by it. This paper aims to examine the effects induced by the absorbing material on the dynamic response of the soil, and estimate the amount of energy reduced by the absorbing boundaries. The absorbent material consisted of panels made of commercially available foams, which were placed on both inner sides of end-walls of the soil container. These walls are perpendicular to the shaking direction. Three types of foam with different mechanical properties were used in this study. The results were obtained from tests carried out using a shaking table and Redhill 110 sand for the soil deposit. It was found that a considerably amount of energy was dissipated, in particular within the frequency range close to the resonance of the soil deposit. This feature suggests that the presence of foams provides a significant influence to the dynamic response of the soil. The energy absorbed by the boundaries was also quantified from integrals of the Power Spectral Density of the accelerations. It was found that the absorbed energy ranged between a minimum of 41% to a maximum of 92% of the input levels, depending mainly on the foam used in the test. The effects provided by the acceleration levels and depth at which the energy was evaluated were practically negligible. Finally, practical guidelines for the selection of the absorbing material are provided.

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This paper presents experimental results that aimed to investigate the effects of soil liquefaction on the modal parameters (i.e. frequency and damping ratio) of pile-supported structures. The tests were carried out using the shaking table facility of the Bristol Laboratory for Advanced Dynamics Engineering (BLADE) at the University of Bristol (UK) whereby four pile-supported structures (two single piles and two pile groups) with and without superstructure mass were tested. The experimental investigation aimed to monitor the variation in natural frequency and damping of the four physical models at different degrees of excess pore water pressure generation and in full-liquefaction condition. The experimental results showed that the natural frequency of pile-supported structures may decrease considerably owing to the loss of lateral support offered by the soil to the pile. On the other hand, the damping ratio of structure may increase to values in excess of 20%. These findings have important design consequences: (a) for low-period structures, substantial reduction of spectral acceleration is expected; (b) during and after liquefaction, the response of the system may be dictated by the interactions of multiple loadings, that is, horizontal, axial and overturning moment, which were negligible prior to liquefaction; and (c) with the onset of liquefaction due to increased flexibility of pile-supported structure, larger spectral displacement may be expected, which in turn may enhance Pdelta effects and consequently amplification of overturning moment. Practical implications for pile design are discussed.

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In practice, piles are most often modelled as "Beams on Non-Linear Winkler Foundation" (also known as “p-y spring” approach) where the soil is idealised as p-y springs. These p-y springs are obtained through semi-empirical approach using element test results of the soil. For liquefied soil, a reduction factor (often termed as p-multiplier approach) is applied on a standard p-y curve for the non-liquefied condition to obtain the p-y curve liquefied soil condition. This paper presents a methodology to obtain p-y curves for liquefied soil based on element testing of liquefied soil considering physically plausible mechanisms. Validation of the proposed p-y curves is carried out through the back analysis of physical model tests.

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ROSSI: Emergence of communication in Robots through Sensorimotor and Social Interaction, T. Ziemke, A. Borghi, F. Anelli, C. Gianelli, F. Binkovski, G. Buccino, V. Gallese, M. Huelse, M. Lee, R. Nicoletti, D. Parisi, L. Riggio, A. Tessari, E. Sahin, International Conference on Cognitive Systems (CogSys 2008), University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2008 Sponsorship: EU-FP7

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Poniższy artykuł oparty jest na dwóch pozycjach: Psychologia dla nauczycieli Davida Fontana oraz Individual differences in second language learning Petera Skehana i stanowi podstawę teoretyczną dla jednego z tandemów badawczych, w projekcie dotyczącym autonomizacji procesu uczenia się / nauczania. Techniką wykorzystaną w doświadczeniu jest rozwinięta forma znanej w metodyce techniki role play do postaci role playing game. (gry fabularne). Celem doświadczenia jest sprawdzenie skuteczności tejże techniki w kształtowaniu autokontroli i autokorekty, jako elementów Indywidualnej Kompetencji Komunikacyjnej w powiązaniu z cechami osobowości.

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Embedded wireless sensor network (WSN) systems have been developed and used in a wide variety of applications such as local automatic environmental monitoring; medical applications analysing aspects of fitness and health energy metering and management in the built environment as well as traffic pattern analysis and control applications. While the purpose and functions of embedded wireless sensor networks have a myriad of applications and possibilities in the future, a particular implementation of these ambient sensors is in the area of wearable electronics incorporated into body area networks and everyday garments. Some of these systems will incorporate inertial sensing devices and other physical and physiological sensors with a particular focus on the application areas of athlete performance monitoring and e-health. Some of the important physical requirements for wearable antennas are that they are light-weight, small and robust and should also use materials that are compatible with a standard manufacturing process such as flexible polyimide or fr4 material where low cost consumer market oriented products are being produced. The substrate material is required to be low loss and flexible and often necessitates the use of thin dielectric and metallization layers. This paper describes the development of such a wearable, flexible antenna system for ISM band wearable wireless sensor networks. The material selected for the development of the wearable system in question is DE104i characterized by a dielectric constant of 3.8 and a loss tangent of 0.02. The antenna feed line is a 50 Ohm microstrip topology suitable for use with standard, high-performance and low-cost SMA-type RF connector technologies, widely used for these types of applications. The desired centre frequency is aimed at the 2.4GHz ISM band to be compatible with IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbee communication protocols and the Bluetooth standard which operate in this band.

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Purpose: Some phase II studies have suggested that the combination of interferons (IFNs) with dacarbazine (DTIC) in the treatment of malignant melanoma (MM) increases the antitumor activity of DTIC alone. In an attempt to confirm this hypothesis, a randomized study was performed with the further intent of observing whether low doses of recombinant interferon alfa-2a (rIFNα2a) could be as effective as intermediate doses. Patients and Methods: Two hundred sixty-six patients were randomized onto three different treatment arms: DTIC 800 mg/m 2 intravenously (IV) days 1 and 21; DTIC plus rIFNα2a 9 mIU intramuscularly (IM) daily; and DTIC plus rIFNα2a 3 mIU IM three times per week. Major prognostic factors were well balanced among the three arms. Chemotherapy was administered for a maximum of eight cycles. After 6 months of therapy, rIFNα2a was continued until disease progression at 3 mIU three times per week in responding patients who had received the combined treatment. Results: The percentage of objective responses did not differ among the three groups (20%, 28%, and 23%, respectively), although a significant prolongation of response duration was observed when rIFNα2a was added to DTIC (2.6 v 8.4 v 5.5 months, respectively). However, this improvement in response duration did not translate into an amelioration of overall survival. The addition of rIFNα2a led to the onset of flu-like syndrome, but in no case was it necessary to withdraw the treatment program and no toxic deaths or life-threatening toxicities were reported. Conclusion: In this study, rIFNα2a significantly prolonged response duration, whereas no effects on response rate and survival were observed; rIFNα2a 3 mIU appeared to be equally effective and better tolerated than 9 mIU.