O papel do farmacêutico em programas de educação e promoção para a saúde nas escolas

Num tempo em que a obesidade já é considerada uma epidemia, e que este é um problema que atinge cada vez mais crianças, é urgente agir. Por isso a educação e promoção para a saúde surgem com o objectivo de estimular as crianças a adoptar estilos de vida saudáveis. No entanto não se pode limitar a educação e promoção para a saúde apenas às crianças, mas estende-las às suas famílias e a toda acomunidade escolar. Os estudos de avaliação custo-efectividade demonstram os custos das acções preventivas vão resultar em ganhos em saúde a posteriori. O objectivo principal desta monografia é identificar qual o papel do farmacêutico e compreender até que ponto consegue, através da aplicação de programas de educação e promoção para saúde junto das escolas, actuar na prevenção da obesidade infantil, ao nível da alimentação e exercício físico. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo, no qual se realizaram inquéritos numa escola do ensino básico em Torres Vedras a 104 indivíduos dos quais apenas 80 se enquadravam nos critérios de inclusão pré-definidos: familiares, pessoal docente e não docente, de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 5 e os 10 anos de idade. No final do estudo pode-se confirmar a importância do farmacêutico no desenvolvimento de projectos no âmbito da educação e promoção para a saúde, junto das escolas, como uma medida de prevenção da obesidade e as suas comorbilidades.

Multi-modal fingerprinting for multimedia assets: optimisation of media security protection in online distribution environments

Since the advent of the internet in every day life in the 1990s, the barriers to producing, distributing and consuming multimedia data such as videos, music, ebooks, etc. have steadily been lowered for most computer users so that almost everyone with internet access can join the online communities who both produce, consume and of course also share media artefacts. Along with this trend, the violation of personal data privacy and copyright has increased with illegal file sharing being rampant across many online communities particularly for certain music genres and amongst the younger age groups. This has had a devastating effect on the traditional media distribution market; in most cases leaving the distribution companies and the content owner with huge financial losses. To prove that a copyright violation has occurred one can deploy fingerprinting mechanisms to uniquely identify the property. However this is currently based on only uni-modal approaches. In this paper we describe some of the design challenges and architectural approaches to multi-modal fingerprinting currently being examined for evaluation studies within a PhD research programme on optimisation of multi-modal fingerprinting architectures. Accordingly we outline the available modalities that are being integrated through this research programme which aims to establish the optimal architecture for multi-modal media security protection over the internet as the online distribution environment for both legal and illegal distribution of media products.

Strengthening argumentation in medical explanations by text planning revision

Explanations are an important by-product of medical decisionsupport activities, as they have proved to favour compliance and correct treatment performance. To achieve this purpose, these texts should have a strong argumentation content and should adapt to emotional, as well as to rational attitudes of the Addressee. This paper describes how Rhetorical Sentence Planning can contribute to this aim: the rulebased plan discourse revision is introduced between Text Planning and Linguistic Realization, and exploits knowledge about the user personality and emotions and about the potential impact of domain items on user compliance and memory recall. The proposed approach originates from analytical and empirical evaluation studies of computer generated explanation texts in the domain of drug prescription. This work was partially supported by a British-Italian Collaboration in Research and Higher Education Project, which involved the Universities of Reading and of Bari, in 1996.

Failure of a control strategy for a hybrid air-conditioning and wind catchers/towers system at Bluewater shopping malls in Kent

Purpose – To evaluate the control strategy for a hybrid natural ventilation wind catchers and air-conditioning system and to assess the contribution of wind catchers to indoor air environments and energy savings if any. Design/methodology/approach – Most of the modeling techniques for assessing wind catchers performance are theoretical. Post-occupancy evaluation studies of buildings will provide an insight into the operation of these building components and help to inform facilities managers. A case study for POE was presented in this paper. Findings – The monitoring of the summer and winter month operations showed that the indoor air quality parameters were kept within the design target range. The design control strategy failed to record data regarding the operation, opening time and position of wind catchers system. Though the implemented control strategy was working effectively in monitoring the operation of mechanical ventilation systems, i.e. AHU, did not integrate the wind catchers with the mechanical ventilation system. Research limitations/implications – Owing to short-falls in the control strategy implemented in this project, it was found difficult to quantify and verify the contribution of the wind catchers to the internal conditions and, hence, energy savings. Practical implications – Controlling the operation of the wind catchers via the AHU will lead to isolation of the wind catchers in the event of malfunctioning of the AHU. Wind catchers will contribute to the ventilation of space, particularly in the summer months. Originality/value – This paper demonstrates the value of POE as indispensable tool for FM professionals. It further provides insight into the application of natural ventilation systems in building for healthier indoor environments at lower energy cost. The design of the control strategy for natural ventilation and air-conditioning should be considered at the design stage involving the FM personnel.

Importance of initial state and atmospheric conditions for urban land surface models' performance

Urban land surface models (LSM) are commonly evaluated for short periods (a few weeks to months) because of limited observational data. This makes it difficult to distinguish the impact of initial conditions on model performance or to consider the response of a model to a range of possible atmospheric conditions. Drawing on results from the first urban LSM comparison, these two issues are considered. Assessment shows that the initial soil moisture has a substantial impact on the performance. Models initialised with soils that are too dry are not able to adjust their surface sensible and latent heat fluxes to realistic values until there is sufficient rainfall. Models initialised with too wet soils are not able to restrict their evaporation appropriately for periods in excess of a year. This has implications for short term evaluation studies and implies the need for soil moisture measurements to improve data assimilation and model initialisation. In contrast, initial conditions influencing the thermal storage have a much shorter adjustment timescale compared to soil moisture. Most models partition too much of the radiative energy at the surface into the sensible heat flux at the probable expense of the net storage heat flux.

Com a palavra mate com angu: uma intervenção estética no município de Duque de Caxias

Nas sociedades contemporâneas a cidadania cultural é um tema a ser enfrentado ao lado da defesa por uma melhor qualidade de vida material, ambiental, econômica e social. Assim, o direito à liberdade de criação, informação, expressão da diversidade entre outros, apresentam-se como desafios e fundamentos para uma verdadeira democracia cultural.O presente trabalho encontra-se inserido no campo dos estudos de novas práticas de cidadania exercidas particularmente por movimentos culturais. Nosso objeto de pesquisa foi o cineclube Mate com Angu, localizado na Baixada Fluminense.Por meio de entrevistas temáticas, buscamos aferir como cinco integrantes do grupo formulam e realizam sua proposta de intervenção social e estética, e interagem com sua comunidade Duque de Caxias utilizando a linguagem audiovisual.Os argumentos e as práticas do Mate com Angu revelaram que embora o compromisso central do grupo seja no campo estético, suas atividades trazem implicações também nos campos político e social, influenciando a vida e a cultura da comunidade caxiense. Desse modo constatamos que suas intervenções contribuem para a ampliação do conceito de cidadania, e particularmente para a construção dos direitos culturais.

Avaliação de impactos da Bolsa-Escola sobre a saúde de crianças e adolescentes: efeitos de alocação intrafamiliar

Os programas de transferência condicional de renda vem obtendo enorme aprovação na comunidade internacional. No Brasil, o Bolsa Família, criado a partir de 2003, vem sendo expandido continuamente. Entretanto, os estudos de avaliação de impacto tem mostrado que este programa, assim como seu antecessor o Bolsa Escola, não tem sido muito impactantes na promoção de maiores investimentos em educação das famílias beneficiárias. O presente estudo busca analisar se existe algum efeito do Bolsa Escola sobre uma outra dimensão do capital humano das pessoas: a saúde. Entretanto, os resultados encontrados não corroboram a existência de um efeito positivo do Bolsa Escola sobre a variável saúde de crianças e adolescentes. Nem como, a existência de efeitos diferenciados do programa sobre meninos e meninas de uma mesma família.

Estudo da correlação das características dermatoglífica e somatotípica com as qualidades físicas das atletas de voleibol da Seleção Infanto-juvenil do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte

The purpose of the present study is to identify the dermatoglyphic and somatotypic characteristics and the physical qualities of athletes from the under-17 State volleyball team, in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The sample was composed of athletes, n = 14, aged 15.0 ± 0.88 years, weight (Kg) 58.3 ± 5.90 and height (cm) 169.4 ± 7.97, members of the referred team. For data collection Cummins & Midlo s (1942), o dermatoglyphic method and Heath & Carter s (1967) somatotypic method were used and to evaluate physical qualities, 2400m, 50m, Shuttle Run, abdominal , Sargent test and medicine-ball toss were performed. Fingerprints show that the group presents genetic predisposition for the following physical qualities: explosive force and velocity. As to somatotype, the group was endo-ectomorphic. At physical evaluation the group presented low Vo2 max values and reasonable levels of explosive force, local muscular endurance, agility and velocity. We conclude that: according to the dermatoglyphic model observed, the group needs training strategies to improve coordination and agility; somatotype reveals the necessity for reducing fat levels and increasing muscular mass; the evaluation of physical qualities demonstrates the need for better physical preparation. This study traces the profile of the under-17 volleyball player from Rio Grande do Norte, with respect to genetic and somatotypic aspects and physical qualities, which will serve as a parameter for future state teams

Performance of supplemented heifers on Marandu grass pastures in the wet-to-dry transition and dry seasons

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of the sward canopy of Marandu grass during the rainy season, the wet-to-dry transition and the dry seasons, between March and September 2004, under intermittent grazing, and to correlate those characteristics with the performance of crossbred heifers receiving mineral supplements ad libitum or protein supplements. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with three blocks (set of 13 paddocks), each containing five crossbred heifers per experimental unit, totaling 15 replicates. The heifers were given protein supplements daily in individual stalls and received an average 4 g/kg/day of the supplement during the rainy season and 5 g/kg/day during the dry season. Their weight gain was assessed monthly. The pasture structure was assessed through destructive sampling, and the bromatological composition of esophageal extrusa samples was also assessed. Analysis of variance was used to assess performance, and regression analysis was used to evaluate the sward canopy characteristics in relation to the months of the year. A cluster procedure was used to determine the similarity between the months of the year under assessment. Two different groups were formed for pasture evaluation: one group including the months of March to July and another group including the months of August and September. The first group exhibited a better canopy structure than the second group. This fact was corroborated by the animal performance, which was lower during the months of the second group. Low-intake protein supplementation was effective in increasing the performance of the grazing heifers. Pasture structure is critical for animal performance in a grazing environment, regardless of the type of supplementation.