Appearance of insulin-like growth factor mRNA in the liver and pyloric ceca of a teleost in response to exogenous growth hormone.

Augmentation of vertebrate growth by growth hormone (GH) is primarily due to its regulation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF I) and IGF II levels. To characterize the effect of GH on the levels of IGF I and IGF II mRNA in a teleost, 10 micrograms of bovine GH (bGH) per g of body weight was administered to juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through i.p. injection. The levels of IGF I and IGF II mRNA were determined simultaneously, by using RNase protection assays, in the liver, pyloric ceca, kidney, and gill at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr after injection. In the liver, IGF I mRNA levels were significantly elevated at 6 and 12 hr (approximately 2- to 3-fold, P < or = 0.01), while IGF II mRNA levels were significantly elevated at 3 and 6 hr (approximately 3-fold, P < or = 0.01). In the pyloric ceca, IGF II mRNA levels were significantly elevated at 12, 24, and 48 hr (approximately 3-fold, P < or = 0.01), while IGF I mRNA was below the limits of assay accuracy. GH-dependent IGF mRNA appearance was not detected in the gill and kidney. Serum bGH levels, determined by using a radioimmunoassay, were significantly elevated at 3 and 6 hr (P < 0.005). In primary hepatocyte culture, IGF I and IGF II mRNA levels increased in a bGH dose-dependent fashion, with ED50 values of approximately 45 and approximately 6 ng of bGH per ml, respectively. The GH-dependent appearance of IGF II mRNA in the liver and pyloric ceca suggests important roles for this peptide hormone exclusive of IGF I.

The discovery of the appearance of vμ − vτ oscillations

Almost 20 years after the first conceptual design of the experiment, five years of running in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS), and billions of billions muon-neutrinos sent from CERN along the CNGS beam, in 2015 the OPERA neutrino detector has allowed the long-awaited discovery of the direct transformation (oscillation) of muon-neutrinos into tau-neutrinos. This result unambiguously confirms the interpretation of the so-called atmospheric channel, after the discovery of neutrino oscillations by the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration in 1998.

Two experimental studies of traffic law. Volume II: the effect of court appearance on traffic law violaters. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

City appearance and the law : a manual to assist in the development of ordinance-based visual improvement programs in smaller cities /

Includes bibliography.

Woman in Italy; from the introduction of the chivalrous service of love to the appearance of the professional actress.

Mode of access: Internet.

Illustrations of British entomology; or, A synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable /

Índices.

Semiannual appearance of the Thrift Depositor Protection Board : hearing before the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, July 29, 1992.

"Serial no. 102-140."

Note on the appearance of nitrous acid during the evaporation of water : A report of experiments made in the Rothamsted laboratory /

Reprinted from the Journal of the Chemical Society, May, 1881.

Plans for new library call for H shaped building that will combine utility and pleasing appearance.

Newspaper clipping from "State Student" dated Nov. 22, 1922 regarding the construction of the new library at Iowa State University.

The geographical guide : a poetical nautical trip round the island of Great-Britain, with entertaining and illustrative notes, in prose : descriptive of its principal ports, havens, rivers, creeks, and inlets, cities, towns, forts, and mountains, &c. &c. &c and a particular description of the general appearance of the country, as viewed from the sea.

Theatrum oceani on p. 71.

The British pharos; or a list of the lighthouses on the coasts of Great Britain and Ireland, descriptive of the appearance of the lights at night. For the use of mariners.

Preface signed: Alan Stevenson.