Efeitos do ultra-som terapêutico sobre o crescimento longitudinal do fêmur e da tíbia em ratos

Objectives: To determine the effects of ultrasound therapy on the femur and tibia growth in young rats. Method: Four-week-old male Ratus Norvegicus totaling 115 animals, divided into four groups, were submitted to ultrasound therapy (0.8 MHz, fixed tube head, continuous pulse, for 10 minutes, once a day, ten times) on the medial face of the right knee, with powers of 0.0 W/cm2 (group 31), 0.5 W/cm2 (group G2), 1.0 W/cm2 (group G3), and 1.5 W/cm2 (group G4). Histological slides of the epiphysis, growth plate and metaphysis and the femoral and tibial length measurements were studied in the sixth, thirteenth and twenty-sixth weeks of life. The data were submitted to factorial analysis of variance according to a one-way layout. Results: No statistically significant bone growth alteration was established between any of the three treated groups and the control group. However, alterations in femoral and tibial growth suggesting a decrease in G4 in relation to 02 and G3 were noted. In G4, histopathological alterations, such as cellular necrosis and post-necrosis bone neoformation were found. Conclusion: According to this study, no statistical evidence of bone growth stimulus or inhibition resulting from the application of ultrasound therapy was found when comparing the treated groups with the control group. Histological alterations regarded as pathological were only observed in G4. Also, smaller significant bone growth was found in G4 compared to G2 and G3. Level of Evidence: Level II, cross-sectional study.

EFFECT OF EXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY AND DAM AGE ON MATERNAL BLOOD-CHEMISTRY AND FETAL GROWTH

In order to determine the effect of maternal exercise on maternal nutritional status and fetal growth, young (Y = 45-50 days old) Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 5 to 8 animals: control pregnant (CP), control non-pregnant (CNP), exercise-trained (swimming 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 19 days) pregnant (TP) and exercise-trained non-pregnant (TNP). Four equivalent groups of adult rats (A - 90-100 days old) were also formed. Serum glucose, total protein, albumin, hematocrit and liver glycogen were determined in female rats and pups. There were no statistical differences in serum glucose, total protein and albumin levels, litter size ot birth weight among exercise-trained animals, controls and their respective pups. Hematocrit was significantly lower in pups of exercise-trained young rats than in all other groups (YCP = 38.6 +/- 3.0; YTP = 32.6 +/- 2.1; ACP = 39.0 +/- 2.5; ATP = 39.2 +/- 2.9%). Liver glycogen levels were lower in pregnant than in non-pregnant rats but similar in exercise-trained and control rats of the same age and physiological status (YCNP = 4.1 +/- 0.2; YCP = 2.7 +/- 0.9; YTNP = 4.9 +/- 0.8; YTP = 2.7 +/-0.4; ACNP = 6.1 +/- 0.6; ACP = 3.1 +/- 0.8; ATNP = 6.6 +/- 0.8; ATP = 2.2 +/- 0.9 mg/100 mg). We conclude that pups of adult female rats are spared from the effects of this kind of exercise training during pregnancy. on the other hand, it appears that maternal adaptations to exercise training in young rats are able to preserve only some aspects of pup metabolism.

Metabolismo (lipídios e proteínas) e histopatologia do cérebro de ratos recém nascidos, jovens e adultos, submetidos a desnutrição proteico calórica, tipo marasmo

Brains of Wistar male rats (newborns, youngs and adults) submitted to protein-calorie deprivation for different periods (27, 33 and 60 days) were studied histologically and biochemically (protein and lipids contents). Lower levels of lipid, particularly among young rats, were observed in all groups. The protein levels were also significantly lower in the newborns, only slightly diminished in the youngs and not altered in the adults. On the other hand the histological study made in all groups did not show any qualitative modifications. The authors concluded that the protein-calorie deprivation affects the brain composition markedly in the earlier periods of life when the developing rate is greater. This could result in irreversible brain damage.

Biomecánica da movimentação ortodôntica--resposta inicial dos tecidos periodontais.

There occurs a biological response of the tissues of dental support, in answer to the external physiological forces and those realized during clinical treatments with orthodontical purposes. These forces differ from the first ones because they are continuous and time dependent. A great dental mobility is related to the degree of tissue organization of the periodontium system and the orthodontical movement must utilize this exceptional capacity of renewal and adaptation of the periodontium structures adequately. Therefore, through histological means a search was made to evaluate the succession of alterations of the periodontium system after the application of an orthodontical force on the molars of young rats and to interpret the standards of horizontal mobility and their consequences on the periodontium structures, biologically. An orthodontic force was applied on young rats utilizing steel wire placed in a ring form on a contact point between the first and second lower molars. The animals were sacrificed after 30 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 hours after the placement of the metal ring. After technical preparation, the microscopic slides were examined and the results were compared. In all the sections there was evidence of an intense metabolic activity. A gradual evolution of modification on the phenomenons had occurred.

Toxicity of hypercaloric diet and monosodium glutamate: oxidative stress and metabolic shifting in hepatic tissue.

The present study examines the effects of a hypercaloric diet on hepatic glucose metabolism of young rats, with and without monosodium glutamate (MSG) administration, and the association of these treatments with evaluating markers of oxidative stress. Male weaned Wistar rats (21 days old) from mothers fed with a hypercaloric diet or a normal diet, were divided into four groups (n=6): control (C) fed with control diet; (MSG) treated with MSG (4 mg/g) and control diet; (HD) fed with hypercaloric diet and (MSG-HD) treated with MSG and HD. Rats were sacrificed after the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), at 45 days of treatments. Serum was used for insulin determination. Glycogen, hexokinase(HK), glucose-6-phosphatase(G6PH), lipid hydroperoxide, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were determined in liver. HD rats showed hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and high hepatic glycogen, HK and decreased G6PH. MSG and MSG-HD had hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, decreased HK and increased G6PH in hepatic tissue. These animals had impaired OGTT. HD, MSG and MSG-HD groups had increased lipid hydroperoxide and decreased SOD in hepatic tissue. Hypercaloric diet and monosodium glutamate administration induced alterations in metabolic rate of glucose utilization and decreased antioxidant defenses. Therefore, the hepatic glucose metabolic shifting induced by HD intake and MSG administration were associated with oxidative stress in hepatic tissue.

Efeito da suplementação da dieta com ácido fólico na colestase obstrutiva: estudo experimental em ratos jovens

Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

Efeito da dieta com deficiência de magnésio sobre a manutenção da osseointegração de implantes de titânio: análise radiográfica, densitométrica e de torque reverso

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação neurocomportamental de ratos expostos agudamente ao fipronil: influência de diazepam e flumazenil

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Efeito do ultra-som terapêutico sobre o crescimento ósseo das epífises, distal do fêmur e proximal da tíbia em Rattus novegicus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Spirulina e exercício na recuperação de ratos submetidos à desnutrição protéica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Neurotoxicidade perinatal por cádmio em ratos wistar e interação com clorpirifós

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Efeito da vitamina E-TPGS hidromiscível sobre as alterações nutricionais e a lesão hepática na colestase crônica

Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

Efeito do treinamento físico sobre o perfil metabólico e ósseo de ratos recém-desmamados

Introduction: The practice of moderate-intensity exercise can reduce the risk of infections and improve metabolic aspects of the person. Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic physical training on endocrine and metabolic aspects, bone and immune system. Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were divided in two groups: sedentary (GS) and trained group (TG). Training program consisted in swimming, 6 weeks, supporting a workload corresponding to 5% of body weight. At the end of the experiment, were performed counting total and differential leukocyte count and hematocrit. After training period, were analyzed glucose, total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol, liver and muscle samples for the determination of the levels of glycogen, and determination of the tibia length and bone area. All dependent variables were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a significance level of P < 0.05 was used for all comparisons. Results: Hematocrit (%) analyzed showed a significant difference, with higher values for TG (54.63 +/- 1.41) than for the GS (49.5 +/- 1.65). The total leukocyte count was not significantly different, as there was no difference in the differential count. Total cholesterol showed significant decrease in GT (GT = 68.27 +/- 13.71 mg/dL; GS = 94.44 +/- 28.09), the total protein levels also showed significant reduction (GT = 7.3 +/- 0,40 g/dL; GS = 7.74 +/- 0.36 g/dL) glucose levels and triglyceride showed no significant differences. The bone length showed a significant difference (GT = 40 +/- 0.14 mm; CG = 42.10 +/- 0.12mm). The tibial area showed the lowest value for the GT (1.53 +/- 0.12cm(2)) than for the GS (1.67 +/- 0.18cm(2)) however the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It can be concluded that aerobic exercise training is able to produce some unique physiological changes in young rats. There is also the need to prescribe exercises that meet the particular maturational stage of development.

Análise histomorfométrica do músculo cardíaco de ratos recém natos gerados por matrizes submetidas ao tabagismo passivo associado ao exercício

Maternal smoking during pregnancy causes heart changes, impaired fetal growth, spontaneous abortion and low birth weight. Even in pregnant women exposed to cigarette smoke these changes can be observed. But the exercise is to answer the increased fetal weight, besides the improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness of the pregnant and the fetus. The objective of this study was to analyze the ventricular muscle of young rats subjected to passive smoking associated with aquatic exercise. For the experiments used 24 female rats were divided into: GC (control), GE (exercise protocol in the water), GF(exposed to cigarette smoke) and GEF (exercise protocol on water and exposed to cigarette smoke). On the same day was held the 1st session of the experimental phase of the protocol of exposure to cigarette smoke, which consisted of 30 minutes twice a day, six days a week for three weeks, followed by the first session of the swimming program... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)