Integration of learning supportive applications into the development of the e-portfolio construction process

The portfolio as a means of demonstrating personal skills has lately been gaining prominence among technology students. This is partially due to the introduction of electronic portfolios, or e-portfolios. As platforms for e-portfolio management with different approaches have been introduced, the learning cycle, traditional portfolio pedagogy, and learner centricity have sometimes been forgotten, and as a result, the tools have been used for the most part as data depositories. The purpose of this thesis is to show how the construction of e-portfolios of IT students can be supported by institutions through the usage of different tools that relate to study advising, teaching, and learning. The construction process is presented as a cycle based on learning theories. Actions related to the various phases of the e-portfolio construction process are supported by the implementation of software applications. To maximize learner-centricity and minimize the intervention of the institution, the evaluated and controlled actions for these practices can be separated from the e-portfolios, leaving the construction of the e-portfolio to students. The main contributions of this thesis are the implemented applications, which can be considered to support the e-portfolio construction by assisting in planning, organizing, and reflecting activities. Eventually, this supports the students in their construction of better and more extensive e-portfolios. The implemented tools include 1) JobSkillSearcher to help students’ recognition of the demands of the ICT industry regarding skills, 2) WebTUTOR to support students’ personal study planning, 3) Learning Styles to determine students' learning styles, and 4) MyPeerReview to provide a platform on which to carry out anonymous peer review processes in courses. The most visible outcome concerning the e-portfolio is its representation, meaning that one can use it to demonstrate personal achievements at the time of seeking a job and gaining employment. Testing the tools and the selected open-source e-portfolio application indicates that the degree of richness of e-portfolio content can be increased by using the implemented applications.

Oxygen Photoreduction in Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria are well-known for their role in the global production of O2 via photosynthetic water oxidation. However, with the use of light energy, cyanobacteria can also reduce O2. In my thesis work, I have investigated the impact of O2 photoreduction on protection of the photosynthetic apparatus as well as the N2-fixing machinery. Photosynthetic light reactions produce intermediate radicals and reduced electron carriers, which can easily react with O2 to generate various reactive oxygen species. To avoid prolonged reduction of photosynthetic components, cyanobacteria use “electron valves” that dissipate excess electrons from the photosynthetic electron transfer chain in a harmless way. In Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, flavodiiron proteins Flv1 and Flv3 comprise a powerful electron sink redirecting electrons from the acceptor side of Photosystem I to O2 and reducing it directly to water. In this work, I demonstrate that upon Ci-depletion Flv1/3 can dissipate up to 60% of the electrons delivered from Photosystem II. O2 photoreduction by Flv1/3 was shown to be vital for cyanobacteria in natural aquatic environments and deletion of Flv1/3 was lethal for both Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 under fluctuating light conditions. The lethal phenotype observed in the absence of Flv1/3 results from oxidative damage to Photosystem I, which appeared to be a primary target of reactive oxygen species produced upon sudden increases in light intensity. Importantly, cyanobacteria also possess other O2 photoreduction pathways which can protect the photosynthetic apparatus. This study demonstrates that respiratory terminal oxidases are also capable of initiating O2 photoreduction in mutant cells lacking the Flv1/3 proteins and grown under fluctuating light. Photoreduction of O2 by Rubisco was also shown in Ci-depleted cells of the mutants lacking Flv1/3, and thus provided the first evidence for active photorespiratory gas-exchange in cyanobacteria. Nevertheless, and despite the existence of other O2 photoreduction pathways, the Flv1/3 route appears to be the most robust and rapid system of photoprotection. Several groups of cyanobacteria are capable of N2 fixation. Filamentous heterocystous N2- fixing species, such as Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, are able to differentiate specialised cells called heterocysts for this purpose. In contrast to vegetative cells which perform oxygenic photosynthesis, heterocysts maintain a microoxic environment for the proper function of the nitrogenase enzyme, which is extremely sensitive to O2. The genome of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 harbors two copies of genes encoding Flv1 and Flv3 proteins, designated as “A” and “B” forms. In this thesis work, I demonstrate that Flv1A and Flv3A are expressed only in the vegetative cells of filaments, whilst Flv1B and Flv3B are localized exclusively in heterocysts. I further revealed that the Flv3B protein is most responsible for the photoreduction of O2 in heterocysts, and that this reaction plays an important role in protection of the N2-fixing machinery and thus, the provision of filaments with fixed nitrogen. The function of the Flv1B protein remains to be elucidated; however the involvement of this protein in electron transfer reactions is feasible. Evidence provided in this thesis indicates the presence of a great diversity of O2 photoreduction reactions in cyanobacterial cells. These reactions appear to be crucial for the photoprotection of both photosynthesis and N2 fixation processes in an oxygenic environment.

Lignin oxidation by PCD technology

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether commercial Kraft lignin can be treated with pulsed corona discharge apparatus so that it becomes active. Active lignin refers to the kind of lignin that can be precipitated on the surface of a fiber by lowering the pH. A secondary agenda here is to remove the pungent smell of kraft lignin, which is caused by organically bound sulfur. It is expected that the study will identify mild processing conditions and parameters for achievement of the desired outcome. In the literature review, the properties of lignin are explained, as is their impact on any further processing. In addition, a number of processes are described for the oxidation of lignin in a variety of applications. In the experimental part of the study, test runs were conducted to determine the effects of oxygen supply and pulse frequency on oxidation results, where the purpose is to produce reactive lignin and to find a process that is feasible at an industrial scale. Based on the reported experiments, lignin could not be made active or precipitated to the surface of the fiber. Actual changes in the structure of lignin were not observed, but the pungent smell of lignin was removed. The exact reason for this change could not be established because sulfur NMR analysis did not work for the lignin samples.

Bird depredation of grapes in Niagara vineyards : a novel approach to identifying spatial and temporal trends /

Although local grape growers view bird depredation as a significant economic issue, the most recent research on the problem in the Niagara Peninsula is three decades old. Peer-reviewed publications on the subject are rare, and researchers have struggled to develop bird-damage assessment techniques useful for facilitating management programmes. I used a variation of Stevenson and Virgo's (1971) visual estimation procedure to quantify spatial and temporal trends in bird damage to grapes within single vineyard plots at two locations near St. Catharines, Ontario. I present a novel approach to managing the rank-data from visual estimates, which is unprecedented in its sensitivity to spatial trends in bird damage. I also review its valid use in comparative statistical analysis. Spatial trends in 3 out of 4 study plots confirmed a priori predictions about localisation in bird damage based on optimal foraging from a central location (staging area). Damage to grape clusters was: (1) greater near the edges of vineyard plots and decreased with distance towards the center, (2) greater in areas adjacent to staging areas for birds, and (3) vertically stratified, with upper-tier clusters sustaining more damage than lower-tier clusters. From a management perspective, this predictive approach provides vineyard owners with the ability to identify the portions of plots likely to be most susceptible to bird damage, and thus the opportunity to focus deterrent measures in these areas. Other management considerations at Henry of Pelham were: (1) wind damage to ice-wine Riesling and Vidal was much higher than bird damage, (2) plastic netting with narrow mesh provided more effective protection agsiinst birds than nylon netting with wider mesh, and (3) no trends in relative susceptibility of varietals by colour (red vs green) were evident.

Socially Constructed Environmental Issues and Sport: A Content Analysis of Ski Resort Environmental Communications

Due to the impact of sport on the natural environment (UN, 2010), it is important to examine the interplay between environmental issues and sport (Hums, 2010, Mallen & Chard, 2011; Nauright & Pope, 2009; Ziegler, 2007). This research content analyzed 82 ski resort environmental communications (SRECs). These communications were rated for their prominence, breadth, and depth using the delineation of environmental issues provided by the Sustainable Slopes Program (SSP) Charter. This data was compared to the resorts’ degree of environmentally responsible action as rated by the Ski Area Citizens’ Coalition (SACC). An adaptation of Hudson and Miller's (2005) model was then used to classify the ski resorts as inactive, reactive, exploitive, or proactive in their environmental activities. Recommendations have been made for standardization and transparency in environmental disclosures and an environmental management system to aid ski resorts in moving from ad hoc processes to a systematic and comprehensive framework for improving environmental performance.

Investigating the Contribution of Personality and Neurological Disruption to Postinjury Outcome in Athletes with Mild Head Injury

Despite the increase in research regarding mild head injury (MHI), relatively little has investigated whether, or the extent to which, premorbid factors (i.e., personality traits) influence, or otherwise account for, outcomes post-MHI. The current study examined the extent to which postinjury outcome after MHI is analogous to the outcome post-moderate or- severe traumatic brain injury (by comparing the current results to previous literature pertaining to individuals with more severe brain injuries) and whether these changes in function and behaviour are solely, or primarily, due to the injury, or reflect, and are possibly a consequence of, one’s preinjury status. In a quasi-experimental, test-retest design, physiological indices, cognitive abilities, and personality characteristics of university students were measured. Since the incidence of MHI is elevated in high-risk activities (including high-risk sports, compared to other etiologies of MHI; see Laker, 2011) and it has been found that high-risk athletes present with unique, risk-taking behaviours (in terms of personality; similar to what has been observed post-MHI) compared to low-risk and non-athletes. Seventy-seven individuals (42% with a history of MHI) of various athletic statuses (non-athletes, low-risk athletes, and high-risk athletes) were recruited. Consistent with earlier studies (e.g., Baker & Good, 2014), it was found that individuals with a history of MHI displayed decreased physiological arousal (i.e., electrodermal activation) and, also, endorsed elevated levels of sensation seeking and physical/reactive aggression compared to individuals without a history of MHI. These traits were directly associated with decreased physiological arousal. Moreover, athletic status did not account for this pattern of performance, since low- and high-risk athletes did not differ in terms of personality characteristics. It was concluded that changes in behaviour post-MHI are associated, at least in part, with the neurological and physiological compromise of the injury itself (i.e., physiological underarousal and possible subtle OFC dysfunction) above and beyond influences of premorbid characteristics.

Alkali insoluble glucan extracted from Acremonium diospyri is a more potent immunostimulant in the Indian White Shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus than alkali soluble glucan

E¡ect of an extraction method on the structure of glucan and its immunostimulatory response in Fenneropenaeus indicus was investigated. Here we extracted alkali insoluble glucan (AIG) and alkali soluble glucan (ASG) from a ¢lamentous fungi Acremonium diospyri following alkali^acid hydrolysis and the sodium hypochlorite oxidation and dimethyl sulphoxide extraction method respectively. Structural analysis showed that 85% of glucan in AIG was a (1 !3)-b-D-glucan and it increased the prophenoloxidase and reactive oxygen intermediate activity when administered to F. indicus. On the other hand, ASG, which contained 93% (1 !3)-a-glucan, did not induce signi¢cant immune response in shrimp. Here we report that the di¡erence in immunostimulatory potential between AIG and ASG is due to the di¡erence in the percentage of (1 !3)-b-D-glucans present in each preparation, which varies with the method of extraction employed. Also our observations suggest that glucan can be used as a potential immunostimulant to shrimp, provided it contains (1 !3)-b-D-glucan as the major fraction.

Propuesta de Instrumentos de Promoción Dd Inversión Directa en el Extranjero Enfocados en Encadenamientos Productivos

La Inversión Directa en el Exterior representa el proceso más grande hacia la internacionalización de las empresas después de las exportaciones. Tal proceso significa una mejora en la competitividad de las empresas, traducida en mayor penetración en el mercado internacional, acceso a mejores tecnologías, recursos naturales e investigación. Este proyecto de investigación pretende formular una propuesta de instrumentos o servicios de promoción de inversión directa en el exterior, enfocados en encadenamientos productivos. En un primer lugar, se establecerá el marco teórico bajo el cual se desarrollara el proyecto, mediante la recolección de información relevante en teorías de internacionalización y en la descripción de encadenamientos productivos y clúster. En segundo lugar, se presentara el entorno macroeconómico y la evolución de los flujos de inversión directa en el extranjero en Colombia y Latinoamérica. Y finalmente, se hará un estudio comparativo de los servicios prestados por las principales agencias de promoción de inversión, que servirá de base para la posterior formulación de la propuesta de instrumentos de promoción de inversión.

Estudio para la utilización del ordenador en la formación de profesorado de EGB.

El objetivo general es estudiar las posibilidades del ordenador para utilizarlo como medio de impartir enseñanzas de Matemáticas para profesores de EGB. En concreto, se pretende: 1. Crear un material destinado a la preparación en Matemáticas del profesor de EGB, partiendo de un nivel cero de conocimientos y diseñado especialmente para el estudio individual; 2. Experimentar una acción a distancia con las técnicas CMI con un grupo de profesores en activo. En el curso piloto participaron 20 profesores de EGB y en el curso experimental 64 profesores de EGB que variaban en edad, sexo, procedencia geográfica, tipo de centro y experiencia docente. 3 fases. En la primera, se estructuraron los contenidos de las Matemáticas de EGB en un sistema de unidades didácticas en las que los conceptos están ordenados lógicamente; para ello fue necesario realizar un análisis previo de los contenidos de las Matemáticas a través de los textos más utilizados. En la segunda fase, se implementó un curso piloto para profesores de EGB con una metodología tradicional en las que se impartieron los contenidos anteriormente mencionados; en la tercera fase, se implementó el curso experimental gestionado por ordenador. La evaluación de los resultados de ambos cursos se realizó mediante una prueba al principio y otra al final de los cursos, además de otras evaluaciones de progreso y de una encuesta sobre la utilidad del curso en el grupo piloto. Pruebas de evaluación de rendimiento elaboradas ad hoc. Encuesta sobre la utilidad del curso elaborada ad hoc. Porcentajes de respuestas correctas en las evaluaciones. Se exponen los resultados parciales. La comparación de las pruebas iniciales realizadas a los dos cursos indican que el nivel de conocimientos previos es muy bajo y además que ambos grupos son bastante homogéneos en este aspecto. En el grupo piloto, el nivel de conocimientos de la prueba final es muy superior al reflejado en la prueba inicial. El promedio de respuestas correctas en la prueba inicial es del 34, aumentando al 79 en la prueba final. El curso por ordenador ha sido abandonado por el 3 de los participantes. El 60.9 por ciento asistió a la prueba del primer trimestre y el 54,6 por ciento a la prueba escrita del segundo trimestre. Los resultados parciales fueron alentadores en cuanto a la efectividad del material preparado.

La competencia social en la edad escolar : dise??o, aplicaci??n y validaci??n del Programa de Habilidades de Interacci??n Social (PHIS)

Desarrollar estrategias para intervenir sistem??ticamente en la conducta interpersonal de los ni??os y ni??as. Desarrollar y adoptar instrumentos de evaluaci??n de la conducta interpersonal enla edad escolar. Evaluar el Programa de Habilidades de Interacci??n Social (PHIS). La muestra est?? compuesta por 48 ni??os de 4 a 12 a??os, de preescolar a quinto de EGB. La poblaci??n de la que se extrae la muestra est?? compuesta por 781 alumnos de 35 aulas de cuatro centros de EGB de la ciudad de Valladolid. Se utiliza un dise??o experimental de grupo de control pretset-postest. Se contemplan tres grupos: dos grupos experimentales (que se diferencian entre s?? por la intensidad del tratamiento) y un grupo control. Las variables que se contemplan son: el Programa de Habilidades de Interacci??n Social (PHIS) y el modelo de intervenci??n asociado (variable independiente), la competencia social y habilidades sociales (variables dependientes referidas a los sujetos). Se aplica una estrategia de evaluaci??n multimodal utilizando un Paquete de Evaluaci??n Comprensiva que contempla distintas fuentes de informaci??n y evaluaci??n (padres, profesores, observadores, los compa??eros y el propio sujeto). El paquete de evaluaci??n consta de un total de once instrumentos de evaluaci??n. La mayor??a de estos han sido elaborados y construidos ad hoc o adaptados y traducidos para la presente investigaci??n: el procedimiento sociom??trico para profesores (PS-P), el procedimiento sociom??trico para ni??os (PS-N), el ACCEPTS (A Curriculum for childrens Effective Peer and Teacher Skills) Placement Test, el Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY), cuestionario de habilidades de interacci??n social (CHIS), c??digo de observaci??n de la interacci??n social (COIS), bater??a de habilidades interpersonales (BHIP), cuestionario para padres, cuestionario de implementaci??n y satisfacci??n para profesores (CUI-PR), cuestionario de implementaci??n y satisfacci??n para padres (CUI-PA) y cuestionarios de seguimiento. El tratamiento estad??stico de los datos se realiza con el paquete SPSS. Se utilizan las pruebas de contraste: an??lisis de varianza (para datos que permiten un tratamiento param??trico) y las pruebas no param??tricas de Kruskal Wallis y la U de Mann Whitney. Tambi??n se utiliza el an??lisis de varianza de medidas repetidas. Se evidencian diferencias significativas en favor de los grupos experimentales en la mayor??a de las variables dependientes consideradas. Asimismo, el PHIS y el modelo de intervenci??n asociado es efectivo para el tratamiento de profesores y padres ya que incrementa su competencia tanto profesional como parental en el ??rea interpesonal. Adem??s, se demuestra adecuada validez social de la intervenci??n, aceptable mantenimiento y cierto grado de generalizaci??n de los efectos del tratamiento. Los entrenamientos en habilidades sociales son estrategias de intervenci??n y ense??anza del comportamiento interpersonal que se muestran efectivos para la ense??anza de las habilidades de interacci??n social en la infancia. Por ello es necesario incluir programas de ense??anza de las habilidades sociales dentro de los curriculum educativos habituales de los centros de EGB.

gvSIG Mini y Phone Cache

gvSIG Mini es una aplicación open-source de usuario final cliente móvil de Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales IDEs con licencia GNU/ GPL, diseñada para teléfonos móviles Java y Android que permite la visualización y navegación sobre cartografía digital estructurada en tiles procedente de servicios web OGC como WMS(-C) y de servicios como OpenStreetMap (OSM), Yahoo Maps, Maps Bing, así como el almacenamiento en caché para reducir al mínimo el ancho de banda. gvSIG Mini puede acceder a servicios geoespaciales como NameFinder, para la búsqueda de puntos de interés y YOURS (Yet Another OpenStreetMap Routing Service) para el cálculo de rutas y la renderización de la información vectorial el lado del cliente. Por otra parte, gvSIG Mini también ofrece servicio de localización GPS. La versión de gvSIG Mini para Android, posee algunas características adicionales como son el soporte de localización Android o el uso del lacelerómetro para centrado. Esta versión también hace uso de servicios como son la predicción del tiempo o TweetMe que permite compartir una localización utilizando el popular servicio social Twitter. gvSIG Mini es una aplicación que puede ser descargada y usada libremente, convirtiéndose en una plataforma para el desarrollo de nuevas soluciones y aplicaciones en el campo de Location Based Services (LBS). gvSIG Mini ha sido desarrollado por Prodevelop, S.L. No es un proyecto oficial de gvSIG, pero se une a la familia a través del catálogo de extensiones no oficiales de gvSIG. Phone Cache es una extensión que funciona sobre gvSIG 1.1.2 que permite generar una caché, para poder utilizar gvSIG Mini para Java en modo desconectado

Inplante erabilerako polimero erradio-opakoen lorpena eta ezaugarritzea

[EU]Biomedikuntzan gero eta material polimeriko gehiago aplikatzen dira. Metalezko inplanteekin alderatuz, ekoizterako orduan azkarragoak eta merkeagoak baitira beste hainbat ezaugarriren artean. Baina onurak ekartzearekin batera, erradio-opakotasun eza ere badakar. Eta ezaugarri hau gabe, inplantearen jarraipena behin giza gorputzean ezarrita dagoenean ezinezkoa da, X izpiekin ezin baita ikusi. Beraz, arazo horri aurre egiteko, proiektu honetan matrize polimerikoari kargak gehitzea proposatzen da. Lortutako material konposatuak, polimeroak soilik dituen ezaugarriak berdintzea edo hobetzea espero da. Hau da, erradio-opakotasuna lortzeaz gain, propietate mekanikoak behintzat mantentzea espero da. Giza gorputzean aplikatzen diren inplanteetarako erabiliko den material konposatu bat lortzea duenez helburu proiektu honek, matrizea polimero biobataragarria eta biodegradagarria izango da. Biodegradagarria izanik, inplantea kanporatzeko bigarren ebakuntza bat ekiditen da. Zehazki, poli(D-laktida) (PDLA) polimeroa matrize moduan eta karga moduan bismuto oxidoa (Bi2O3) erabiliko dira, medikuntza arloko inplanteetan erabili izan ohi dira eta.

Distributed intelligent management of active networks

This paper focuses on improving computer network management by the adoption of artificial intelligence techniques. A logical inference system has being devised to enable automated isolation, diagnosis, and even repair of network problems, thus enhancing the reliability, performance, and security of networks. We propose a distributed multi-agent architecture for network management, where a logical reasoner acts as an external managing entity capable of directing, coordinating, and stimulating actions in an active management architecture. The active networks technology represents the lower level layer which makes possible the deployment of code which implement teleo-reactive agents, distributed across the whole network. We adopt the Situation Calculus to define a network model and the Reactive Golog language to implement the logical reasoner. An active network management architecture is used by the reasoner to inject and execute operational tasks in the network. The integrated system collects the advantages coming from logical reasoning and network programmability, and provides a powerful system capable of performing high-level management tasks in order to deal with network fault.

Macrophage antioxidant protection within atherosclerotic plaques

Macrophage cells within inflammatory lesions are exposed to a wide range of degrading and cytotoxic molecules including reactive oxygen species. Unlike neutrophils, macrophages do not normally die in this environment but continue to generate oxidants, phagocytose cellular remains, and release a range of cytoactive agents which modulate the immune response. It is this potential of the macrophage cell to survive in an oxidative environment that allows the growth and complexity of advanced atherosclerotic plaques. This review will examine the oxidants encountered by macrophages within an atherosclerotic plaque and describe some of the potential antioxidant mechanisms which enable macrophages to function within inflammatory lesions. Ascorbate, alpha-tocopherol, and glutathione appear to be central to the protection of macrophages yet additional antioxidant mechanisms appear to be involved. gamma-Interferon causes macrophages to generate 7,8dihydroneopterin/neopterin and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid both of which have antioxidant properties. Manganese superoxide dismutase is also upregulated in macrophages. The evidence that these antioxidants provide further protection, so allowing the macrophage cells to survive within sites of chronic inflammation such as atherosclerotic plaques, will be described.

A platform for supporting micro-collaborations in a diverse device environment

Collaborative software is usually thought of as providing audio-video conferencing services, application/desktop sharing, and access to large content repositories. However mobile device usage is characterized by users carrying out short and intermittent tasks sometimes referred to as 'micro-tasking'. Micro-collaborations are not well supported by traditional groupware systems and the work in this paper seeks out to address this. Mico is a system that provides a set of application level peer-to-peer services for the ad-hoc formation and facilitation of collaborative groups across a diverse mobile device domain. The system builds on the Java ME bindings of the JXTA P2P protocols, and is designed with an approach to use the lowest common denominators that are required for collaboration between varying degrees of mobile device capability. To demonstrate how our platform facilitates application development, we built an exemplary set of demonstration applications and include code examples here to illustrate the ease and speed afforded when developing collaborative software with Mico.