Caracteres históricos de la Geomorfología moderna

Este artículo intenta presentar algunos rasgos de la geomorfología moderna a la luz de sus nexos históricos con la geografía y, a través de ella, con el conjunto de las ciencias sociales. Esta conexión implica una dependencia parcial del pensamiento geomorfológico en relación con la controversia metodológica entre naturalismo e historicismo, cuyo desarrollo difiere según los países. En geomorfología, como en otras ciencias, ese pluralismo ha sido un activo factor de cambio. Dentro de este intento de explicación histórica de los estudios sobre el relieve, se subraya el influjo duradero de las polémicas sobre el método ligadas a la crisis del positivismo decimonónico, que tuvo lugar en vísperas de la emergencia de la geomorfología como disciplina diferenciada. Los rasgos tardopositivistas de la síntesis davisiana son destacados especialmente para relacionarlos con determinados puntos débiles de la estructura doctrinal que se pueden apreciar en los tratados y manuales de geomorfología.

Caracteres históricos de la Geomorfología moderna

Este artículo intenta presentar algunos rasgos de la geomorfología moderna a la luz de sus nexos históricos con la geografía y, a través de ella, con el conjunto de las ciencias sociales. Esta conexión implica una dependencia parcial del pensamiento geomorfológico en relación con la controversia metodológica entre naturalismo e historicismo, cuyo desarrollo difiere según los países. En geomorfología, como en otras ciencias, ese pluralismo ha sido un activo factor de cambio. Dentro de este intento de explicación histórica de los estudios sobre el relieve, se subraya el influjo duradero de las polémicas sobre el método ligadas a la crisis del positivismo decimonónico, que tuvo lugar en vísperas de la emergencia de la geomorfología como disciplina diferenciada. Los rasgos tardopositivistas de la síntesis davisiana son destacados especialmente para relacionarlos con determinados puntos débiles de la estructura doctrinal que se pueden apreciar en los tratados y manuales de geomorfología.

Quaternary Glacial Geology of Alta Ribagorqa Basin (Central Southern Pyrenees)

This paper is an abstract of the doctoral thesis presented by the autor at the University of Barcelona on September 1983. It constitutes a regional study about the Quatemary Glacial Geology in the Ribagorca high valleys. It is the first work in relation to the geomorphology, sedimentology and stratigraphy of the glacial and related deposits in this zone of the Pyrenees. Several formations of quatemary deposits have been studied in detail (mainly in Llauset Valley and in Tall area); and the local quatemary stratigraphy is established and finally a correlation with some previously studied areas in the Pyrenees is attemped.

Study of Johnsons Glacier (Livingston Island, Antarctica) by means of shallow ice cores and their tephra and by analysis of 137Cs content

With the aim of monitoring the dynamics of the Livingston Island ice cap, the Departament de Geodinàmica i Geofísica of the Universitat de Barcelona began ye a r ly surveys in the austral summer of 1994-95 on Johnsons Glacier. During this field campaign 10 shallow ice cores were sampled with a manual ve rtical ice-core drilling machine. The objectives were: i) to detect the tephra layer accumulated on the glacier surface, attributed to the 1970 Deception Island pyroclastic eruption, today interstratified; ii) to verify wheter this layer might serve as a reference level; iii) to measure the 1 3 7Cs radio-isotope concentration accumulated in the 1965 snow stratum; iv) to use the isochrone layer as a mean of verifying the age of the 1970 tephra layer; and, v) to calculate both the equilibrium line of the glacier and average mass balance over the last 28 years (1965-1993). The stratigr a p hy of the cores, their cumulative density curves and the isothermal ice temperatures recorded confi rm that Johnsons Glacier is a temperate glacier. Wi n d, solar radiation heating and liquid water are the main agents controlling the ve rtical and horizontal redistribution of the volcanic and cryoclastic particles that are sedimented and remain interstratified within the g l a c i e r. It is because of this redistribution that the 1970 tephra layer does not always serve as a ve ry good reference level. The position of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) in 1993, obtained by the 1 3 7Cs spectrometric analysis, varies from about 200 m a.s.l. to 250 m a.s.l. This indicates a rising trend in the equilibrium line altitude from the beginning of the 1970s to the present day. The va rying slope orientation of Johnsons Glacier relative to the prevailing NE wind gives rise to large local differences in snow accumulation, which locally modifies the equilibrium line altitude. In the cores studied, 1 3 7Cs appears to be associated with the 1970 tephra laye r. This indicates an intense ablation episode throughout the sampled area (at least up to 330 m a.s.l), which probably occurred synchronically to the 1970 tephra deposition or later. A rough estimate of the specific mass balance reveals a considerable accumulation gradient related to the increase with altitude.

Expresión geomorfológica de la actividad reciente de la falla de Amer (NE de la Península Ibérica)

Triangular facets, related drainage basins, alluvial fans and subtle scarps reveal the recent activity of the normal Amer fault (NE Spain). The 1427 earthquakes which reached epicentral intensities ranging between VI1 and VI11 have been attributed to the Amer fault. However, the geomorphologic and geologic characteristics of this fault (30 km length) suggest that it might be capable of producing larger earthquakes than those occurred during de 15th century.

Evidence for coseismic events of recurrent prehistoric deformation along the Alhama de Murcia fault, southeastern Spain

The Alhama de Murcia fault is a 85 km long oblique-slip fault, and is related to historical and instrumental seismic activity. A paleoseismic analysis of the Lorca-Totana sector of the fault containing MSK I=VIII historical earthquakes was made in order to identify and quantify its seismic potential. We present 1) the results of the neotectonic, structural and geomorphological analyses and, 2) the results of trenching. In the study area, the Alhama de Murcia fault forms a depressed corridor between two strands, the northwestern fault with morphological and structural features of a reverse component of slip, bounding the La Tercia range to the South, and the southeastern fault strand with evidence of sinistral oblique strike-slip movement. The offset along this latter fault trapped the sediments in transit from the La Tercia range towards the Guadalentín depression. The most recent of these sediments are arranged in three generations of alluvial fans and terraces. The first two trenches were dug in the most recent sediments across the southeastern fault strand. The results indicate a coseismic reverse fault deformation that involved the sedimentary sequence up to the intermediate alluvial fan and the Holocene terrace deposits. The sedimentary evolution observed in the trenches suggests an event of temporary damming of the Colmenar creek drainage to the South due to uplifting of the hanging wall during coseismic activation of the fault. Trench, structural and sedimentological features provide evidence of at least three coseismic events, which occurred after 125,000 yr. The minimum vertical slip rate along the fault is 0.06 mm/yr and the average recurrence period should not exceed 40,000 yr in accordance with the results obtained by fan topographic profiling. Further absolute dating is ongoing to constrain these estimates.

The geologic and geomorphologic maps of Santa Coloma de Farners (Girona, Spain)

Notice about the geologic and geomorphologic maps of Santa Coloma de Farners, at scale 1:10,000 published by Unitat de Geologia of the Universitat de Girona

Geologic maps published by university de Girona's unity of geodynamics

In 1978 University de Girona's Unity of Geodynamics started publishing geological maps, in several themes and scales, of various areas of the Province of Girona (fig. 1). So far, up to 38 maps, gathered in several collections, have been published

Geomorphological mapping of granite zones in the province of Girona (Catalunya, Spain)

Since 1978, the unity of Geodynamics of the University of Girona has been publishing a series of detailed geological and geomorphological maps of different municipal terms of the Province of Girona, mainly on the scale of 1:10.000, situated for the major part in the Littoral and Prelittoral mountain ranges of the Cadena Costera Catalana. These mountain ranges are constituted of materials belonging to the palaeozoic era, basically metamorphous and igneous rocks (plutomc and hypoabyssal rocks)

Formas graníticas asociadas a megalitos en el nordeste de Cataluña

The landforms that appears in granite slabs of the megaliths, that localize in the NW part of Catalonia, had studied for quantify their increase values. The results allow of distinguish between pre and postmegalithical landforms. Some premegalithical gnammas are 5000 years old or more and has developed actually. Had been calculate 1cm/1000 yaers deepening rates for gnammas and between 0,4 and 3 com/1000 years for the alveoles according to postmegalithical ladforms sizes. The size cannot be used for age approach in another postmegalithical landforms (pitting, ‘pseudorejones’ and speleothems)

Subsídios para a proteção de áreas úmidas da bacia do rio Xingu (Mato Grosso, Brasil)

O rio Suiá-Miçu é um importante tributário do rio Xingu, e sua bacia hidrográfica (BHSM), situada no planalto do Parecis, Estado de Mato Grosso, abrange 2,36 milhões de hectares. A BHSM contempla Formações Pioneiras, Cerrados e a Floresta Estacional Perenifólia, cuja composição de espécies é consequência da variabilidade de chuvas e do clima estacional. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar as áreas úmidas da BHSM e sua importância para a preservação ambiental. O mapeamento da BHSM foi realizado a partir do georreferenciamento de imagens do satélite CBERS-2 (2006), que resultou em um mosaico RGB234 com 20 m de resolução. Esse mosaico permitiu o mapeamento de todas as drenagens da BHSM e, assim, a definição da planície de inundação, complementada pelo cruzamento dos mapas de hidrografia e geomorfologia e trabalhos de campo. Os resultados indicaram mais de 192 mil hectares de área de inundação, dos quais 13% foram desmatados para usos agropecuários. As áreas úmidas da BHSM têm papel importante no suprimento de água durante as estações secas. São compostas de hábitats fluviolacustres e de uma diversidade de vegetação que abarca os campos úmidos, a floresta inundável e as veredas (dominadas pelo buriti Mauritia flexuosa). Apesar de no Brasil existirem leis ambientais para proteção de cursos d'água e das áreas marginais, sua implementação e monitoramento são necessários, dada a fragilidade de ecossistemas presentes na planície de inundação, como no caso da BHSM. Recomendam-se mais pesquisas científicas sobre esses ecossistemas para apoiar as tomadas de decisão na proteção das áreas úmidas no Brasil.

Contribución al estudio morfolitológico del sector costero central del macizo de Begur (Girona)

This paper makes a contribution to the knowledge of the coastal fringe morphology of the ‘Macizo de Begur’. A lithological study, macro and microscopic, has been carried out of a variety of a series of metamorphic, plutonic, phyllonianic and effusive rocks

Morfología de la costa baja de la provincia de Gerona

Estudi morfològic de la Costa Brava

Las fuentes naturales del término municipal de Sant Feliu de Guíxols (Girona)

The behaviour of 21 natural springs in a granític massif is studied in this survey. Geomorphological features of the zone are described as well as water circulation and rising 25 parametres of each of them are analysed ans conclusions are withdrawn regarding geological conditions of rising, course, chemism and potability

Nota sobre la presencia de depósitos morrenicos en Port de Compte (Lleida)

Here we describe a series of recognized morainic deposits in the "Macizo del Port del Comte", which are the southern-most example of the eastern pre Pyrenees