UM Men's Swimming Team, 1929

Back Row: Harold W. Bailey, Howard Brown, William F. McDonald, Robert C. Goldsmith, Edward L. Warner, Henry Dinkelspiel,

Third Row: head coach Matt Mann, Richard C. Mertz, Charles F. McCaffree, Garnet W. Ault, J.J. Thompson, O. Bruce. Goldsmith, Rawson F. Hosmer, assistant coach John W. MacMahon

Second Row:, Thomas Y. Watson, George E. Hubbell, Robert P. Walker, captain Richard S. Spindle, J.B. Allan Seager, Frank W. Walaitis, Ernest C. Reif

Front Row: Byron O. Hughes, Frederick J. Grimshaw, Harold E. Nimz

UM Men's Swimming Team, 1931

Back Row: Frederic C. Fenske, Daniel L. Marcus, Frank D. Kennedy, Robert E. Klintworth, John A. Schmieler, Carl G. Staelin, George R. Vallowe, Louis Lemak

Second Row: Robert Miller, Sidney R. Raike, head coach Matt Mann, Irving R. Valentine, assistant coach John W. MacMahon, Ivan C. Smith, Robert B. Ladd

Chris Kurzweil, Emery W. Chase

UM Men's Swimming Team, 1932

Back Row: James Cristy, John Schmieler, Henry Kaminski, Reeve Bailey

Middle Row: Richard K. Degener, Frederic C. Fenske, Frank D. Kennedy, Louis Lemak, assistant coach John W. McMahon

Front Row: Robert B. Ladd, Ivan C. Smith, Robert Miller, head coach Matt Mann, Sidney R. Raike, Daniel L. Marcus

UM Men's Swimming Team, 1934

Back Row: Sol Selevan, Julian (Tex) Robertson, Manley Osgood, Boyd Dennison, Ogden R. Dalrymple, John W. Dersch, Richmond S. Blake, Edwin Gage, ? Williams

Middle Row: Frank B. Fehsenfeld, Richard K. Degener, Taylor D. Drysdale, James C. Cristy, Jr., Mann, Robert J. Renner, Henry C. Kamienski

Front Row: Robert E. Lawrence, Daniel L. Diefendorf, William K. Boice, J. Derland Johnston

UM Men's Swimming Team, 1935

Back Row: Willard C. Crittenden, G. Robert Mowerson, Richmond S. Blake, Edward J. VanderVelde, Charles E. Drew, Paul J. Keeler

Middle Row: Frank E. Barnard, Ogden R. Dalrymple, Taylor D. Drysdale, head coach Matt Mann, Robert J. Renner, Julian (Tex) Robertson, Jack A. Kasley

Front Row: J. Derland Johnston, Frank B. Fehsenfeld, Ben F. Grady, Daniel L. Diefendorf

Swimming between the flags: A preliminary exploration of the influences on Australians’ intentions to swim between the flags at patrolled beaches

Swimming at patrolled beaches reduces the likelihood of drownings and near-drownings. The present study tested the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), with the addition of risk perceptions, in predicting people’s intentions to swim between the flags at patrolled beaches. We examined also the predictors of people’s willingness to swim [1] up to 10 metres and [2] more than 10 metres outside of the patrol flags. Participants (N = 526) completed measures of attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control (PBC), intentions/willingness, and both objective and subjective risk perceptions. Two weeks later, a sub-sample of participants reported on their beach swimming behaviour for the previous fortnight. Attitude and subjective norm predicted intentions to swim between and willingness to swim outside of the flags. Age and PBC influenced willingness to swim beyond the flags. Objective risk predicted willingness to swim beyond the flags (both distances) while subjective risk predicted willingness to swim up to 10 metres outside the flags. People’s intentions to swim between the flags were correlated with their behaviour at follow-up. This study provides a preliminary investigation into an important safety behaviour and identifies factors to target when promoting safe swimming behaviours to prevent drowning deaths on Australian beaches.

Soil carbon saturation : implications for measurable carbon pool dynamics in long-term incubations

The efficiency of agricultural management practices to store SOC depends on C input level and how far a soil is from its saturation level (i.e. saturation deficit). The C Saturation hypothesis suggests an ultimate soil C stabilization capacity defined by four SOM pools capable of C saturation: (1) non-protected, (2) physically protected, (3) chemically protected and (4) biochemically protected. We tested if C saturation deficit and the amount of added C influenced SOC storage in measurable soil fractions corresponding to the conceptual chemical, physical, biochemical, and non-protected C pools. We added two levels of C-13- labeled residue to soil samples from seven agricultural sites that were either closer to (i.e., A-horizon) or further from (i.e., C-horizon) their C saturation level and incubated them for 2.5 years. Residue-derived C stabilization was, in most sites, directly related to C saturation deficit but mechanisms of C stabilization differed between the chemically and biochemically protected pools. The physically protected C pool showed a varied effect of C saturation deficit on C-13 stabilization, due to opposite behavior of the POM and mineral fractions. We found distinct behavior between unaggregated and aggregated mineral-associated fractions emphasizing the mechanistic difference between the chemically and physically protected C-pools. To accurately predict SOC dynamics and stabilization, C Saturation of soil C pools, particularly the chemically and biochemically protected pools, should be considered. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Public service broadcasting, creative industries and innovation infrastructure : the case of ABC's Pool

The proliferation of media services enabled by digital technologies poses a serious challenge to public service broadcasting rationales based on media scarcity. Looking to the past and future, we articulate an important role that the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) might play in the digital age. We argue that historically the ABC has acted beyond its institutional broadcasting remit to facilitate cultural development and, drawing on the example of Pool (an online community of creative practitioners established and maintained by the ABC), point to a key role it might play in fostering network innovation in what are now conceptualised as the creative industries.

Encroachment: what cost a pool with ocean views?

In Shadbolt v Wise [2002] QSC 348 the applicants were seeking relief under s184 of the Property Law Act 1974 (Qld) in respect of an encroachment that they constructed on land belonging to the adjacent owner. The encroachment in question consisted of slightly less than one half of an elaborate pool and pool enclosure (the area of the encroachment being approximately 108 square metres). The land upon which the encroachment was situated was elevated with distant ocean views.

How can soil monitoring networks be used to improve predictions of organic carbon pool dynamics and CO2 fluxes in agricultural soils?

Abstract As regional and continental carbon balances of terrestrial ecosystems become available, it becomes clear that the soils are the largest source of uncertainty. Repeated inventories of soil organic carbon (SOC) organized in soil monitoring networks (SMN) are being implemented in a number of countries. This paper reviews the concepts and design of SMNs in ten countries, and discusses the contribution of such networks to reducing the uncertainty of soil carbon balances. Some SMNs are designed to estimate country-specific land use or management effects on SOC stocks, while others collect soil carbon and ancillary data to provide a nationally consistent assessment of soil carbon condition across the major land-use/soil type combinations. The former use a single sampling campaign of paired sites, while for the latter both systematic (usually grid based) and stratified repeated sampling campaigns (5–10 years interval) are used with densities of one site per 10–1,040 km². For paired sites, multiple samples at each site are taken in order to allow statistical analysis, while for the single sites, composite samples are taken. In both cases, fixed depth increments together with samples for bulk density and stone content are recommended. Samples should be archived to allow for re-measurement purposes using updated techniques. Information on land management, and where possible, land use history should be systematically recorded for each site. A case study of the agricultural frontier in Brazil is presented in which land use effect factors are calculated in order to quantify the CO2 fluxes from national land use/management conversion matrices. Process-based SOC models can be run for the individual points of the SMN, provided detailed land management records are available. These studies are still rare, as most SMNs have been implemented recently or are in progress. Examples from the USA and Belgium show that uncertainties in SOC change range from 1.6–6.5 Mg C ha−1 for the prediction of SOC stock changes on individual sites to 11.72 Mg C ha−1 or 34% of the median SOC change for soil/land use/climate units. For national SOC monitoring, stratified sampling sites appears to be the most straightforward attribution of SOC values to units with similar soil/land use/climate conditions (i.e. a spatially implicit upscaling approach). Keywords Soil monitoring networks - Soil organic carbon - Modeling - Sampling design

By the day nurses bank up in a casual pool!

We suspect that the array of silly names used to refer to temporary staff worldwide may be indicative of the extent to which these nurses have been relegated to, and we would argue, remain in, a type of underclass – relatively unsupported by employers in terms of professional practice and ipso facto excluded from contributing professionally to team work, practice development, clinical governance and evidence based practice. This may be acceptable to some but in a climate of risk averseness and in the interests of strategic planning we would suggest it is an accident waiting to happen. The recent UK Royal College of Nursing (RCN) (Ball & Pike, 2006) survey of bank and agency nurses brings a welcome focus on a group of nurses that make a significant contribution to the smooth running of health services in many countries.