Giraffen in einer ostafrikanischen Steppe [Illustration] : nach einem Aquarell

W. Kuhnert

Elephanten an einem Wassertümpel in einer ostafrikanischen Steppe [Illustration] : nach einem Ölgemälde

W. Kuhnert

Eine jüdische Überwandererfamilie in der Steppe vor ihrer Erdhütte [Illustration] : (Fotografie)

Scan von Monochrom-Mikroform

Eine jüdische Überwandererfamilie in der Steppe vor ihrer provisorischen Behausung [Illustration] : Erdhütten

Scan von Monochrom-Mikroform

Durch Busch und Steppe vom Campo bis zum Schari 1892 - 1902 : ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Schutztruppe von Kamerun

von Oscar Zimmermann

Plant communities and soil chemistry of shrub-steppe and pine savannah grasslands in southern British Columbia, Canada

Habitat fragmentation alters the edges of remnant habitat patches. We examined changes in the plant community and soil in relation to distance from edge and edge type for shrub-steppe and pine savannah grasslands in southern British Columbia, Canada. Community composition showed significant nonlinear relationships with distance-to-edge more frequently at paved roads and fruit crops than at dirt roads or control sites (i.e., in the interior of grassland patches), with changes typically extending 25-30 m. More exotic species and fewer native species were found near edges, and edges showed decreased cryptogam cover and increased bare ground, especially near paved roads. The soil factors that best predicted compositional changes were soil pH and Cu/Mn at paved roads, soil pH and nitrogen at fruit crops, and soil resistance at dirt roads. Variation partitioning suggested that both direct (e.g., propagule pressure) and indirect (environmental change) factors mediated edge-related community changes, and provided evidence that nonlinear responses at developed edges were not due to natural gradients. Given the range of grassland patch sizes in this region (many patches 1-100 ha), the edge effects we observed represent a considerable loss of "core" habitat, which must be accounted for in conservation planning and site restoration.

Assessment of species diversity and state of "Stipa tenacissima" steppes

North African steppes are subjected to extreme degradation resulting in the reduction of their surface, genetic erosion of resources, and decrease in biodiversity. "Stipa tenacissima" steppes, which constitute one of the most representative vegetation types in the driest areas of the Mediterranean basin, are continuously degrading. With the aim of contributing to a better knowledge of the floristic composition and diagnosing the state of degradation of these steppes, we conducted a phytoecological analysis of 10 "S. tenacissima" sites in Tunisia. Floristic inventory compiled a systematic list of 46 vascular plant species belonging to 43 genera and 26 families. Species richness ranged from 4 to 18 species per 900 m2. Total vegetation cover was moderate and fluctuated between 22.8% and 49.9%. Our results revealed also a decreasing trend in species richness with increasing elevation (ρ = –0.585). Indeed, species richness was negatively correlated with slope (ρ = –0.19) and positively correlated with sand content (ρ = 0.262). Biological types were dominated by chamaephytes; this chamaephytization is due to the phenomenon of aridization and overgrazing. Moreover, the low species cover and the appearance of nonpalatable species highlighted the vulnerability of these steppes to degradation.

Short-Term Effects of a Wildfire on the Endangered Dupont's Lark Chersophilus duponti in an Arid Shrub-Steppe of Central Spain

In Europe, Dupont’s Lark Chersophilus duponti is a threatened open-habitat bird. Prescribed burning has sometimes been proposed for its conservation, but without evidence of its effectiveness. To evaluate the short-term effects of a summer wildfire on this species, we performed several transect counts in the burnt and unburnt parts of a shrubsteppe in central Spain. The same transects were counted within a three-year interval prior to the fire and were repeated during the first two springs after the fire. We also measured the vegetation during the first two springs after the fire. In the burnt area, we observed a decrease of about 85–100% in Dupont’s Lark abundance, and about 7–15% in the control area. The disappearance of the scrub cover after fire and its slow regeneration, as well as the large increase in grass cover during the second year, may explain the decrease in this habitat-specialist bird species. Fire should be avoided in areas occupied by the Dupont’s Lark, as its negative effects in the short-term may cause local extinctions. However, prescribed burning may be used in neighboring areas to create new open habitats that may be subsequently colonized by this species.

Across the steppes = (Über die Steppe hin), Op. 22, No. 7 /

Caption title.

Reise durch das Altai-Gibirge und die soongorische Kirgisen=Steppe : Auf Kosten der Kaiserlichen Universität Dorpat unternommen im jahre 1826 in Begleitung der Herren D. Carl Anton Meyer und D. Alexander von Bunge / Carl Friedrich von Ledebour.

Signatures Band I: pi[superscript 4], 1-26[superscript 8] 27[superscript 4] 28[superscript 6], 23 leaves of plates. Signatures Band II: pi[superscript 2]1-31[superscript 8] 32[superscript 6] 33[superscript 4](-334) 34[superscript 4], [superscript 2]1-[superscript 2]14[superscript 8] [superscript 2]15[superscript 2].

Die Steppe, eine Erzählung,

Translation of: The Prairie.

Households without Houses : Mobility and Moorings on the Eurasian Steppe

Peer reviewed

Die Männer des Westens sind schweigsam wie die Steppe und hart wie Kommissbrot mit Steinen - die abgewandelten Phraseologismen in den Kinderbüchern von Janosch

Diese Magisterarbeit setzt sich zum Ziel, herauszufinden, in welcher Weise der Autor Janosch die Sprache in seinen Kinderbüchern kreativ mit den modifizierten Phraseologismen benutzt. Seine Sprache ist auffällig im Vergleich zu vielen anderen Kinderbuchautoren, die meistens einfache Sprache für Kinder schreiben wollen. Janosch möchte aber, dass sowohl die Kinder als auch erwachsene Vorleser Spaß beim Lesen haben würden. Diese Arbeit stellt zuerst die Theorie der Phraseologismen vor: Merkmale, Typen und Klassifikation der Phraseologismen sind notwendig für die Analyse der modifizierten Phraseologismen. Die mehr speziellen Eigenschaften der Phraseologismen, wie die zwei Lesarten, die Idiomatizität, Modifikation und Variation werden danach diskutiert. Der Schriftsteller Janosch wird in dem dritten Kapitel kurz vorgestellt: sein Leben und seine Werke. Als Materialien habe ich die vier Kinderbücher von Janosch ausgewählt, nämlich Oh, so schön ist Panama, Onkel Puschkin guter Bär, Janosch erzählt Grimm’s Märchen und Das neue große Janosch-Lesebuch. Nach Janosch wird die Kinderliteratur allgemein und die Phraseologismen in Kinderbüchern betrachtet. Die Methode besteht darin, die modifizierten Phraseologismen in dem Primärmaterial zu suchen und zu klassifizieren. Das Ziel ist herauszufinden, warum der Schriftsteller den jeweiligen Phraseologismus umformuliert hat. Als Ergebnis der Analyse bildeten sich sechs Klassen, die sich nach Strukturzügen unterscheiden. Die größte Gruppe sind die modifizierten Verstärkungsphraseologismen, andere sind z. B. die Phraseologismen, die zwei Lesarten aufweisen, Kontamination von zwei Phraseologismen und in der Tierwelt angesiedelte Phraseologismen. Insgesamt wurden 31 modifizierte Phraseologismen ausgewertet.