Estimation of productivity in Korean electric power plants:a semiparametric smooth coefficient model

This paper analyzes the impact of load factor, facility and generator types on the productivity of Korean electric power plants. In order to capture important differences in the effect of load policy on power output, we use a semiparametric smooth coefficient (SPSC) model that allows us to model heterogeneous performances across power plants and over time by allowing underlying technologies to be heterogeneous. The SPSC model accommodates both continuous and discrete covariates. Various specification tests are conducted to assess the performance of the SPSC model. Using a unique generator level panel dataset spanning the period 1995-2006, we find that the impact of load factor, generator and facility types on power generation varies substantially in terms of magnitude and significance across different plant characteristics. The results have strong implications for generation policy in Korea as outlined in this study.

Data compilation on the biological response to ocean acidification: environmental and experimental context of data sets and related literature

The exponential growth of studies on the biological response to ocean acidification over the last few decades has generated a large amount of data. To facilitate data comparison, a data compilation hosted at the data publisher PANGAEA was initiated in 2008 and is updated on a regular basis (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.149999). By January 2015, a total of 581 data sets (over 4 000 000 data points) from 539 papers had been archived. Here we present the developments of this data compilation five years since its first description by Nisumaa et al. (2010). Most of study sites from which data archived are still in the Northern Hemisphere and the number of archived data from studies from the Southern Hemisphere and polar oceans are still relatively low. Data from 60 studies that investigated the response of a mix of organisms or natural communities were all added after 2010, indicating a welcomed shift from the study of individual organisms to communities and ecosystems. The initial imbalance of considerably more data archived on calcification and primary production than on other processes has improved. There is also a clear tendency towards more data archived from multifactorial studies after 2010. For easier and more effective access to ocean acidification data, the ocean acidification community is strongly encouraged to contribute to the data archiving effort, and help develop standard vocabularies describing the variables and define best practices for archiving ocean acidification data.

A escrita dos professores de língua portuguesa: desvelando dizeres e saberes

This documental research in a qualitative and interpretative nature is inserted in the field of Applied Linguistics and its object of study is teachers‟ writing in a literacy event (public exam) held for teachers of Portuguese Language by municipality in Natal city - RN in 2008. Overall, we have aimed to investigate the textual production of these teachers, considering their knowledge about writing, their sayings in relation to themselves and their views on new technologies and teaching. Specifically, we have chosen the following objectives: a) identifying what knowledge about writing have emerged from teachers' written text; b) analyzing the written text production of teachers, considering the knowledge they have revealed about themselves; c) mapping the sayings of the teachers about the teaching profession and new technologies. Our discussion is grounded theoretically by Bakhtin studies of language (BAKHTIN [1934], 1990; [1952-1953], 2000; BAKHTIN; VOLOSHINOV [1929], 1999); in studies of critical literacy as formulated by STREET (1984, 1995, 2006, 2010, 2014); KLEIMAN (1995, 2005, 2006, 2008); (BARTON, HAMILTON, 1998; BARTON; Ivanic, 1991); studies on teacher training in critical educational perspective (GIROUX, 1986; 1987; 1997; 1999) FREIRE, 1999; 2001). The corpus of this study is consisted of written texts by participants of this examination about the Writing Test, in which they were asked to produce an opinion paper. The research has allowed us to realize that, in relation to the writing, despite the recurring negative discourse on literacy teachers, especially the Portuguese ones, these, in the fabric of their texts, both have revealed to have dominion over the formal structure, particularly in respect to prototypical schema of argumentative sequence, as proposed by Adam (1992, 2008) and the mechanisms of textualization postulated by Bronckart (2007), and on those enunciation-discursive strategies relating to opinion genre. The relevance of this research is justified by seeking to understand the teacher‟s writing beyond the language system, i.e, writing as speech, assuming it as a contrapalavra (BAKHTIN, [1934], 1990) to those voices that insist on underestimating literacy teachers and they do so much harm to society, to the extent that foster a sense of disbelief in the qualification of teachers' work and distrust of the social role of these professionals in the preparation of future generations

O erro produzido pelo aluno no contexto pedagógico: uma luz ou uma pedra no meio do caminho?

Student’s mistakes as viewed in a didactic and pedagogical perspective are a phenomenon inevitably observed in any context in which formal teaching-andlearning processes are taking place. Researchers have shown that such mistakes are viewed most of the times as undesirable and often as a consequence of lack of attention or poor commitment on the part of the student and rarely considered didactically useful. The object of our reflections in this work is exactly those mistakes, which are born in the entrails of the teaching-and-learning processes. It is our understanding that a mistake constitutes a tool which mediates knowledge and may therefore become a strong ally of the instructor’s actions in her/his teaching tasks and thus should be taken into the teacher’s best consideration. Understanding a mistake as so, we postulate that the teacher must face it as a possibility to be exploited rather than as a negative occurrence. Such an attitude on the part of the teacher would undoubtedly render profitable didactic situations. To deepen the understanding of our aim, we took a case study on the perception of senior college students in the program of Mathematics at UFRN in the year 2009, 2nd term. The reason of this choice is the fact that Mathematics is the field presenting traditionally the poorest records in terms of school grades. In this work we put forth data associated to ENEM1 , to the UFRN Vestibular2 and the undergraduate courses on Mathematics. The theoretical matrixes supporting our reflections in this thesis follow the ideas proposed by Castorina (1988); Davis e Espósito (1990); Aquino (1997); Luckesi (2006); Cury (1994; 2008); Pinto (2000); Torre (2007). To carry out the study, we applied a semi-structured questionnaire containing 14 questions, out of which 10 were open questions. The questions were methodologically based on the Thematic Analysis – One of the techniques for Content Analysis schemed by Bardin (1977) – and it was also used the computer program Modalisa 6.0 (A software designed by faculties the University of Paris VIII). The results indicate that most of the teachers training instructors in their pedagogical practice view the mistakes made by their students only as a guide for grading and, in this procedure, the student is frequently labeled as guilty. Conclusive analyses, therefore, signal to the necessity of orienting the teachers training instructors in the sense of building a new theoretical contemplation of the students’ mistakes and their pedagogical potentialities and so making those professionals perceive the importance of such mistakes, since they reveal gaps in the process of learning and provide valuable avenues for the teaching procedures.

Investigation of escape response of Norwegian Pecten maximus

The ongoing process of ocean acidification already affects marine life and, according to the concept of oxygen- and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance (OCLTT), these effects may be exacerbated at the boarders of the thermal tolerance window. We studied the effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on clapping performance and energy metabolism of the commercially important scallop Pecten maximus. Individuals were exposed for at least 30 days to 4°C (winter) or to 10°C (spring/summer) at either ambient (0.04 kPa, normocapnia) or predicted future PCO2 levels (0.11 kPa, hypercapnia). Cold (4°C) exposed groups revealed thermal stress exacerbated by PCO2 indicated by a high mortality overall and its increase from 55% under normocapnia to 90% under hypercapnia. We therefore excluded the 4°C groups from further experimentation. Scallops at 10°C showed impaired clapping performance following hypercapnic exposure. Force production was significantly reduced although the number of claps was unchanged between normo- and hypercapnia exposed scallops. The difference between maximal and resting metabolic rate (aerobic scope) of the hypercapnic scallops was significantly reduced compared to normocapnic animals, indicating a reduction in net aerobic scope. Our data confirm that ocean acidification narrows the thermal tolerance range of scallops resulting in elevated vulnerability to temperature extremes and impairs the animal's performance capacity with potentially detrimental consequences for its fitness and survival in the ocean of tomorrow.

Vad vilja ungdomen? : En studie om ungdomars inflytande och delaktighet

Vad vilja ungdomen? undersöker hur ungdomar ser på inflytande och delaktighet inom samhällsfrågor, om demokratiutredningens förslag följer detta synsätt samt försöker förklara varför det ser ut på detta sätt. Detta görs genom en enkätundersökning som besvarats av 140 ungdomar mellan 15-18 år. Ungdomarnas svar har analyserats med hjälp av en tematisk analysmetod där fyra framstående tema utkristalliserades. Dessa teman analyserades med hjälp av individualiseringsteorier som byggts upp av Roland Inglehart (1997) och Robert D. Putnam (1995, 2006). Dessa teorier utökas med hjälp av Robert A. Dahls (1996) teori angående demokrati. Undersökningen visar att ungdomar har en vilja att påverka sin omgivning och sitt samhälle. De gör detta på ett mindre kollektivistiskt sätt än tidigare generationer och det leder till att påverkansformerna tenderar att bli, att gilla och dela saker på sociala medier och att bojkotta vissa varor. Detta är en förlängning av den individualiseringstrend som varit stark i västvärlden under de senaste decennierna. Detta kan leda till att inflytelserika eliter får mer makt och tillåts få mer makt inom de former för representativ demokrati som arbetas efter i Sverige. Vi kan också se att vuxenvärlden har ett ansvar att låta ungdomar ta plats och utnyttja deras kompetens och vilja till förändring. Ungdomar vill påverka samhället, det gäller för vuxenvärlden att ta vara på denna energi. Resultaten verifierar det mesta av den tidigare forskningen på området gällande inflytande och påverkan, men de ger oss möjligheter att förstå ungdomars syn på demokratiutredningens förslag där det står klart att ungdomarna vill ha tydliga påverkansmöjligheter genom exempelvis ungdomsråd, folkmotioner och sänkt rösträttsålder.

Extração de metais pesados fitodisponíveis em solos tratados com lodo de esgoto: uso de ácidos orgânicos.

2005

Uso de lodo de esgoto para indução de supressividade de solos a Phytophthora nicotianae em citros.

2005

Avaliação da dinâmica do uso da terra na bacia do arroio Santa Bárbara - pelotas (Brasil), no período de 1953 a 2006

Land use dynamics is a consequence of socioeconomic system cycles. In this context, this work was developed aiming to evaluate land use alterations in Santa Bárbara watershed (Pelotas - Brazil), during 53 years (1953 - 2006), evidencing socioeconomic elements that contributed to this process. For land use dynamic analysis, maps of 1953, 1965, 1995 e 2006 were elaborated. Spatial changes that happened in Santa Bárbara watershed represent a regional process: pasture areas had decrease while culture lands had a gradual increase. This conjuncture is a consequence of the crisis in livestock destined to salted and dried meat production and of the food industry growth in Pelotas that impelled urban expansion, forest area reduction and artificial water reservoirs increase. © Scripta Nova, 2010.

Estudo multi-temporal do uso, ocupação e perda de solos em projetos de assentamentos em Rondônia

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

MESORREGIÃO GEOGRÁFICA TRIÂNGULO MINEIRO/ALTO PARANAÍBA – MG/BRASIL: A PRODUÇÃO SUCROALCOOLEIRA ENTRE O PERÍODO DE 1995 E 2006

Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado uma mudança no espaço agropecuário regional da Mesorregião Geográfica Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, tendo como principal ator, o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, que tem transformando as áreas anteriormente ocupadas pela agricultura e pecuária. Neste sentido, o objetivo central desta pesquisa é analisar a produção agropecuária da área em estudo, tendo como recorte temporal o ano de 1995 e 2006. Metodologicamente, além da revisão bibliográfica, também esta sendo realizado trabalho de campo, e a utilização das geotecnologias na espacialização, análise e interpretação dos dados obtidos tanto das fontes primárias, quando das fontes secundárias (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE). Como resultados já obtidos, pode-se observar uma crescente produção, tanto em relação à área, quanto em toneladas de cana-de-açúcar obtidos na região, principalmente, com os incentivos governamentais que o poder público vêm disponibilizando para a produção de etanol. Destaca-se também, a fertilidade dos solos encontrados nessa região.

MESORREGIÃO GEOGRÁFICA TRIÂNGULO MINEIRO/ALTO PARANAÍBA – MG/BRASIL: A PRODUÇÃO SUCROALCOOLEIRA ENTRE O PERÍODO DE 1995 E 2006

Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado uma mudança no espaço agropecuário regional da Mesorregião Geográfica Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, tendo como principal ator, o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, que tem transformando as áreas anteriormente ocupadas pela agricultura e pecuária. Neste sentido, o objetivo central desta pesquisa é analisar a produção agropecuária da área em estudo, tendo como recorte temporal o ano de 1995 e 2006. Metodologicamente, além da revisão bibliográfica, também esta sendo realizado trabalho de campo, e a utilização das geotecnologias na espacialização, análise e interpretação dos dados obtidos tanto das fontes primárias, quando das fontes secundárias (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE). Como resultados já obtidos, pode-se observar uma crescente produção, tanto em relação à área, quanto em toneladas de cana-de-açúcar obtidos na região, principalmente, com os incentivos governamentais que o poder público vêm disponibilizando para a produção de etanol. Destaca-se também, a fertilidade dos solos encontrados nessa região.

Efecto de arreglos de siembra maiz (Zea mays L.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), en asocio y monocultivo sobre la dinámica de las malezas, el crecimiento y rendimiento de los cultivos y uso equivalente de la tierra. Primera 1995

En el presente estudio se presentan los resultados de un experimento realizado en época de primera 1995, en la finca San Diego, ubicada en el municipio de Nandaime, departamento de Granada, en un suelo de origen volcánico, franco arcilloso. El propósito fue determinar el efecto de arreglos de siembra de frijol común asociado con matiz y monocultivos sobre la cenosis de las maleas, crecimiento, rendimientos absolutos y relativos y aprovechabilidad de la tierra. Se utilizó un diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar, con cuatro repeticiones en el cual se evaluaron monocultivos de maíz y frijol y los asocios de plantas de frijol con maíz bajo 7 arreglos de siembra: dos surcos de frijol y tres de maíz (F2M3), un surco de frijol y uno de maíz (F1M1), cuatro surcos de frijol y tres de maíz (F4M3), dos surcos de frijol y uno de maíz (F2M1), tres surcos de frijol y uno de maíz (F3M1), cuatro surcos de frijol y uno de maíz (F4M1) y 14 surcos de frijol y uno de maíz (F6M1). Las resultados obtenidos indican que los arreglos en asocios resultaron ser más efectivos en el control de maíz, en lo que respecta a abundancia, dominancia y cobertura de malezas, al aprovechar éstos el efecto de cobertura que ejerce el frijol en las calles de maíz y el sombreo superior del follaje del maíz. Los mayores rendimientos de granos se obtuvieron en los monocultivos, resultado de una mayor cantidad de plantas ~echadas por unidad de área. En lo que se refiere al uso equivalente de la tierra resultaron ser los asocias F4M1, F4M3, F2M1 y P6M1 más eficientes que los monocultivos, los cuales presentaron valores de 50, 45, 43, 27 y 7 por ciento más de producción por unidad de área que los monocultivos Los asocios además resultaron ser la alternativa más económica para el pequeño y mediano productor siendo más viable los arreglos de siembra F2M1, F4M3, F4M1 en relación a los monocultivos con tasas de rentabilidad de 127.7, 127.6 y 109.4 por ciento respectivamente.

Siembra asociada de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) y maiz (Zea mays L.) y cultivos solos. Efecto sobre el rendimiento, uso equivalente de la tierra y beneficio neto

En el presente estudio se presentan los resultados de un experimento realizado en el mes de junio de 1997 en la finca experimental La Compañia, municipio de San Marcos, Carazo. En él se evaluaron siete tratamientos, cinco de los cuales incluían diferentes arreglos de siembra de maíz y frijol en asocio y dos tratamientos que incluían los cultivos mencionados como cultivos solos. El suelo de la finca experimental es de origen volcánico, con buenos contenidos de materia orgánica. El propósito de éste estudio fué determinar el efecto de la siembra asociada de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) con maíz (Zea mays L.) y la siembra de cultivos solos, sobre la dinámica de las malezas, rendimiento de los cultivos, uso equivalente de la tierra y beneficcio neto. Se utilizó W1 disefio de bloques completos al azar con 4 repeticiones, en el cual se evaluaron maíz y frijol como cultivos solos y la siembra asociada de maíz y frijol bajo cinco arreglos de siembra: 1 surco de frijol y 1 surco de maíz (FlMl), 1 surco de frijol y 2 surcos de maíz (FlM2), 2 surcos de frijol y 1 surco de maíz FlMl), 3 surcos de frijol y 1 surco de maíz (F3MI), cuatro surcos de frijol y 1 surco de maíz (F4MI). Los resultados no muestran una clara tendencia de parte de las siembras asociadas en la reducción de la abundancia y biomasa de las malezas. Los mayores rendimientos del grano lo obtuvieron los cultivos solos. En lo que respecta al uso equivalente de la tierra (UET), los asocios resultaron ser más eficientes que los monocultivos. Los aheglos F2Ml, FlMl, F4Ml, F3Ml y FIM2 presentaron los mayores valores. El análisis económico mostró que el arreglo F2Ml fue el que obtuvo los mayores costos variables totales y • también el mayor beneficio neto. El tratamiento con mayor tasa de retorno marginal fué el arreglo F2M1.

Legislação brasileira e programas do governo federal para o uso sustentável e a conservação de solos agrícolas

Consultoria Legislativa da Área X - Agricultura e Política Agrícola