??Es posible un curriculum m??s all?? de las asignaturas? : dise??o y pr??ctica del grado de Educaci??n Social en la Universidad del Pa??s Vasco

Se realiza un recorrido por las ???realidades??? de los curriculums integrados a nivel internacional y se presenta el dise??o iniciado en el grado de Educaci??n Social de la Universidad del Pa??s Vasco/EuskalHerrikoUnibertsitatea. Este constituye un modelo real para transitar de la situaci??n actual (organizada seg??n la l??gica de las asignaturas) a otra que posibilita las intersecciones curriculares. Finalmente, se realiza un balance de resultados para se??alar las dificultades pr??cticas, las v??as de resoluci??n que se est??n adoptando y las aportaciones que sobre el proceso vienen realizando los participantes. Se ha de tener presente que las dificultades a superar en un proceso de estas caracter??sticas son numerosas, diversas y su resoluci??n no siempre est?? en nuestras manos. Los obst??culos m??s fuertes est??n siendo: afrontar los efectos de la propia historia relacional en el centro y buscar consensos entre pensamientos diferentes.

Los medios y el proceso de paz: elementos para un balance necesario

Una reflexión sobre el papel de los medios en el cubrimiento del proceso de negociación con las FARC durante el gobierno de Andrés Pastrana, su responsabilidad social en el tratamiento del conflicto armado con la insurgencia y los procesos de negociación y de búsqueda de la reconciliación nacional, elementos vitales para el futuro de Colombia.

Marco de protección de los derechos humanos: balance en la Región Andina

Este artículo tiene como referente a los derechos humanos, constituidos como parámetro ético mínimo internacionalmente reconocido, anclados en el marco de una discusión histórica, política, cultural y social que no acaba y que no se origina y explica solamente desde el derecho, sino desde las más diversas posibilidades disciplinares y perspectivas que incluyen al género, lo étnico, lo generacional, en fin las diversidades.

La participación popular en la independencia de Nueva Granada según la historiografía reciente: un balance (Estudios)

El ensayo analiza la visión que la historiografía tradicional ha consolidado sobre la participación popular en la Independencia de Colombia y explora los temas que la más reciente historiografía sobre este período ha cuestionado y renovado. Entre dichos temas se encuentran: las guerras de independencia como expresión de conflictos preexistentes, la reducción de los términos del enfrentamiento únicamente a los bandos republicano y realista, el recurso al pueblo como mecanismo de presión y legitimidad, la reelaboración del discurso republicano entre los sectores populares, y la movilización indígena antirrepublicana. El artículo concluye presentando algunas propuestas que enriquecerían la comprensión de la política popular desplegada a lo largo de las guerras de independencia.

Insostenibilidad del pago de la deuda externa desde el punto de vista económico, social y ambiental (Tema Central)

La autora sostiene que, dadas las condiciones usualmente impuestas por los países industrializados acreedores, el pago de la deuda externa es inviable para el Ecuador. Si se consideran aspectos económicos, sociales yambientales, se puede apreciar que el actual servicio de la deuda genera una balanza de pagos insostenible, deterioro de la capacidad productiva local. aumento de la precariedad del mercado laboral, incremento de la extrema pobreza y una presión insoportable sobre los recursos naturales. Mediante un análisis de ciertos indicadores selectos, la autora establece las relaciones existentes entre el ajuste para servir a la deuda, el deterioro de las condiciones de vida, el impacto en la agricultura y los recursos naturales y la dinámica de los procesos migratorios.

Balance de la situación de derechos humanos 2010

Analiza cuál fue la tendencia en el cumplimiento de los derechos humanos en 2010, sintetizando: el inadecuado procesamiento de conflictos y su repercusión en los derechos humanos; las restrinciones en el procedimiento legislativo; el ejercicio del derecho de acceso a la justicia y a contar con recurso eficaz efectivo; así como las políticas públicas y su relación con los derechos humanos. Da a conocer la cifras relevantes del año 2010 en cuanto a la situación de los derechos por bloques constitucionales, hechos en noticias por bloques de derechos, resoluciones de la Defensoría del Pueblo por bloques de derechos, las normas aprobadas sobre derechos y organización del Estado, y su repercución por bloques de derechos, el tipo de garantías constitucionales interpuestas y los derechos demandados, por acción de protección; asuntos representados de manera gráfica.

El FMI como instrumento de la globalización hegemónica. Balance de las políticas aplicadas en Ecuador de 1988 a 1996

La presente investigación demuestra que el FMI es un instrumento de la Globalización Hegemónica, proceso que comprende al localismo globalizado entendiéndose como tal, la globalización con éxito de un fenómeno local que se universaliza como es el caso de la operación mundial de las ETN, de los Organismos Financieros Internacionales: FMI, BM., entre otros. Existe también el globalismo localizado que consistiría en el impacto específico de las prácticas e imperativos transnacionales en las condiciones locales, que son así desestructuradas y resestructuradas con el fin de responder a dichos imperativos, con este tipo de globalización se pretende imponer a los gobiernos de la periferia y semiperiféricos la adopción de medidas aperturistas, la flexibilización laboral, reformas a la Constitución, entre otras. El presente trabajo analiza el papel que tiene el FMI como instrumento de la Globalización Hegemónica, en la aplicación de políticas económicas en nuestro país y luego del estudio respectivo, se determina cual ha sido el impacto social de estas políticas. Para lograr este objetivo general, se realiza un análisis comparativo entre el programa de gobierno llevado a cabo por el Dr. Rodrigo Borja Cevallos denominado ”Plan de Emergencia Económico Nacional”, con el programa del Arq. Sixto Durán Ballén que buscaba entre otras cosas la implantación de una política económica ortodoxa y rigurosa para liberalizar al mercado de todas las trabas que imponían una lógica diferente a la que las fuerzas de la oferta y la demanda pudiesen dictar: la apertura financiera, la reducción del tamaño del Estado, vía privatizaciones, reducción de la mano de obra trabajadora, etc.

Receptivity to social research by the CGIAR

This paper analyses the way the CGIAR system has incorporated social research in its agenda. Since 1995, the social science staff capacity in the CGIAR has decreased by 24%, and the overall balance of social science research is still significantly tilted away from the core germplasm enhancement, production systems/natural resources management, and technology adoption work - the 'bread and butter' of technology generation and development effort - toward ex-ante and ex-post activities, Further, the bulk of the social science research has low social research content despite the significant expansion of the CGIAR initial goal of increasing the proverbial pile of rice' to poverty alleviation and sustainable food security. The paper concludes that a concerted effort is now required to mainstream social research in the CGIAR system, and this cannot occur without the full support of the CGIAR donors, the CGIAR senior managers, and the centre boards and executive staff.

Investment in preventing and preparing for biological emergencies and disasters: social and economic costs of disasters versus costs of surveillance and response preparedness

Biological emergencies such as the appearance of an exotic transboundary or emerging disease can become disasters. The question that faces Veterinary Services in developing countries is how to balance resources dedicated to active insurance measures, such as border control, surveillance, working with the governments of developing countries, and investing in improving veterinary knowledge and tools, with passive measures, such as contingency funds and vaccine banks. There is strong evidence that the animal health situation in developed countries has improved and is relatively stable. In addition, through trade with other countries, developing countries are becoming part of the international animal health system, the status of which is improving, though with occasional setbacks. However, despite these improvements, the risk of a possible biological disaster still remains, and has increased in recent times because of the threat of bioterrorism. This paper suggests that a model that combines decision tree analysis with epidemiology is required to identify critical points in food chains that should be strengthened to reduce the risk of emergencies and prevent emergencies from becoming disasters.

Technological change and the challenges for regional development: building social capital in less-favoured regions

The relevance of regional policy for less favoured regions (LFRs) reveals itself when policy-makers must reconcile competitiveness with social cohesion through the adaptation of competition or innovation policies. The vast literature in this area generally builds on an overarching concept of ‘social capital’ as the necessary relational infrastructure for collective action diversification and policy integration, in a context much influenced by a dynamic of industrial change and a necessary balance between the creation and diffusion of ‘knowledge’ through learning. This relational infrastructure or ‘social capital’ is centred on people’s willingness to cooperate and ‘envision’ futures as a result of “social organization, such as networks, norms and trust that facilitate action and cooperation for mutual benefit” (Putnam, 1993: 35). Advocates of this interpretation of ‘social capital’ have adopted the ‘new growth’ thinking behind ‘systems of innovation’ and ‘competence building’, arguing that networks have the potential to make both public administration and markets more effective as well as ‘learning’ trajectories more inclusive of the development of society as a whole. This essay aims to better understand the role of ‘social capital’ in the production and reproduction of uneven regional development patterns, and to critically assess the limits of a ‘systems concept’ and an institution-centred approach to comparative studies of regional innovation. These aims are discussed in light of the following two assertions: i) learning behaviour, from an economic point of view, has its determinants, and ii) the positive economic outcomes of ‘social capital’ cannot be taken as a given. It is suggested that an agent-centred approach to comparative research best addresses the ‘learning’ determinants and the consequences of social networks on regional development patterns. A brief discussion of the current debate on innovation surveys has been provided to illustrate this point.

Life before the minster: the social dynamics of monastic foundation at Anglo-Saxon Lyminge, Kent

Anglo-Saxon monastic archaeology has been constrained by the limited scale of past investigations and their overriding emphasis on core buildings. This paper draws upon the results of an ongoing campaign of archaeological research that is redressing the balance through an ambitious programme of open-area excavation at Lyminge, Kent, the site of a royal double monastery founded in the seventh century ad. The results of five completed fieldwork seasons are assessed and contextualised in a narrative sequence emphasising the dynamic character of Lyminge as an Anglo-Saxon monastic settlement. In so doing, the study brings into sharp focus how early medieval monasteries were emplaced in the landscape, with specific reference to Anglo-Saxon Kent, a regional context offering key insights into how the process of monastic foundation redefined antecedent central places of long-standing politico-religious significance and social action.

Striking a balance: cultural conflicts or cultural adaptation

This paper explores the cultural representations embedded in the EFL textbooks for Primary English language education in China. In particular, it examines how cultural globalisation and localisation are competing with each other as the educational policy in English attempts to strike a balance between the local culture and ‘western’ culture. Using discourse analysis as an analytical framework, this paper argues that culture as a social construct is constantly evolving and traditions are fused with new cultural values and worldviews brought about by globalisation. As such, the analysis of the textbooks illustrates that culture as a social phenomenon has changed over the decades and glocalisation is gaining new perspectives in English language education in China. Importantly, the analysis shows that new cultural elements have been established and cultural globalisation has taken place when local culture adapt ‘foreign’ cultures to suit local needs. Acknowledging that there are cultural conflicts and competing ideologies in the texts, the paper argues that these conflicts and contradictories can be used to develop students’ critical language awareness and foster their critical analytical abilities. Importantly, the analysis can facilitate the students’ English language learning by providing them with opportunities to read beyond texts per se to cultural politics and practices. Juxtaposing different cultural and ideological perspectives can help students understand that cultural values are socially and politically constructed when they are confronted with complex linguistic and cultural environments in reality.

Family language policy in the Chinese community in Singapore: a question of balance?

This paper focuses on the language shift phenomenon in Singapore as a consequence of the top-town policies. By looking at bilingual family language policies it examines the characteristics of Singapore’s multilingual nature and cultural diversity. Specifically, it looks at what languages are practiced and how family language policies are enacted in Singaporean English-Chinese bilingual families, and to what extend macro language policies – i.e. national and educational language policies influence and interact with family language policies. Involving 545 families and including parents and grandparents as participants, the study traces the trajectory of the policy history. Data sources include 2 parts: 1) a prescribed linguistic practices survey; and 2) participant observation of actual negotiation of FLP in face-to-face social interaction in bilingual English-Chinese families. The data provides valuable information on how family language policy is enacted and language practices are negotiated, and what linguistic practices have been changed and abandoned against the background of the Speaking Mandarin Campaign and the current bilingual policy implemented in the 1970s. Importantly, the detailed face-to-face interactions and linguistics practices are able to enhance our understanding of the subtleties and processes of language (dis)continuity in relation to policy interventions. The study also discusses the reality of language management measures in contrast to the government’s ‘separate bilingualism’ (Creese & Blackledge, 2011) expectations with regard to ‘striking a balance’ between Asian and Western culture (Curdt-Christiansen & Silver 2013; Shepherd, 2005) and between English and mother tongue languages (Curdt-Christiansen, 2014). Demonstrating how parents and children negotiate their family language policy through translanguaging or heteroglossia practices (Canagarajah, 2013; Garcia & Li Wei, 2014), this paper argues that ‘striking a balance’ as a political ideology places emphasis on discrete and separate notions of cultural and linguistic categorization and thus downplays the significant influences from historical, political and sociolinguistic contexts in which people find themselves. This simplistic view of culture and linguistic code will inevitably constrain individuals’ language expression as it regards code switching and translanguaging as delimited and incompetent language behaviour.

Doing well by talking good? A topic modelling-assisted discourse study of corporate social responsibility

Using the novel technique of topic modelling, this paper examines thematic patterns and their changes over time in a large corpus of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports produced in the oil sector. Whereas previous research on corporate communications has been small-scale or interested in selected lexical aspects and thematic categories identified ex ante, our approach allows for thematic patterns to emerge from the data. The analysis reveals a number of major trends and topic shifts pointing to changing practices of CSR. Nowadays ‘people’, ‘communities’ and ‘rights’ seem to be given more prominence, whereas ‘environmental protection’ appears to be less relevant. Using more established corpus-based methods, we subsequently explore two top phrases - ‘human rights’ and ‘climate change’ that were identified as representative of the shifting thematic patterns. Our approach strikes a balance between the purely quantitative and qualitative methodologies and offers applied linguists new ways of exploring discourse in large collections of texts.