Gerenciamento de configuração de dispositivos de rede através de NETCONF e Web Services

A configuração de dispositivos é uma tarefa crítica de gerenciamento, pois envolve alterações no estado da rede, da qual, cada vez mais, se exige um funcionamento com garantias de qualidade de serviço (QoS) e com um menor número possível de falhas ou interrupções. Por esse motivo, evidencia-se a importância do uso de protocolos adequados à tarefa de configuração. A opção natural e mais aceita atualmente, o protocolo SNMP, apresenta lacunas e falhas que o tornaram insuficiente para atender esses requisitos de configuração. Dentre os protocolos de configuração disponíveis na atualidade, destaca-se o NETCONF. Por outro lado, SOAP também pode ser usado para configuração e vem ganhando importância com a atual popularização dos Web Services, os quais proporcionam interoperabilidade entre aplicações Web. Enquanto o NETCONF é um protocolo específico para configurações, o SOAP é um protocolo genérico para realizar chamadas remotas de procedimentos (RPC). Ambos podem ser encapsulados em protocolos diferentes, formando arquiteturas de redes distintas. É importante notar que, pelo fato da proposta do protocolo NETCONF ser recente, tem-se poucos (ou talvez nenhum) resultados a respeito do desempenho do NETCONF e seus possíveis encapsulamentos. Uma questão importante que normalmente também surge neste contexto é a da real necessidade de um novo protocolo de configuração como o NETCONF, mediante a existência de um protocolo de uso geral já amplamente aceito como é o caso do SOAP. Nessa dissertação é discutido o uso de NETCONF e SOAP para a configuração de dispositivos. Além disso, são apresentados protótipos que implementam tais protocolos. Para tal, são considerados quatro cenários de gerenciamento utilizando arquiteturas de protocolos distintas que permitiram a realização de avaliações de desempenho dos mesmos em relação ao tempo de resposta e consumo de banda. O resultado dessas avaliações aliado ao estudo realizado sobre as tecnologias envolvidas não ajudou a justificar a existência do NETCONF, apesar da ligeira vantagem do NETCONF sobre o SOAP na questão de tempo de resposta, que pode ser explicada pelas diferentes linguagens de programação empregadas nas implementações. Concluiu-se que o NETCONF pode ser assim eficientemente substituído pelo protocolo SOAP sem perda de funcionalidades e com ganho em relação ao consumo de banda.

Uma proposta para auxiliar a interoperabilidade entre ambientes e ferramentas independentes de CAD para microeletrônica

Os projetos de CIs (Circuitos Integrados) atualmente compreendem muitas tarefas para sua execução. Durante um fluxo de projeto de CI são necessárias ferramentas que lidam com essas diferentes tarefas. Algumas empresas compilam diversas ferramentas em um único ambiente, ou framework, onde tais ferramentas são adaptadas para interagir entre si. O uso desses frameworks é suficiente para muitos projetos, porém podem existir requisitos que obriguem a utilização de ferramentas independentes para suprir deficiências dos ambientes, exigindo a utilização conjunta de ferramentas não projetadas para cooperar. A interoperabilidade entre sistemas computacionais tem se tornado um tópico de extrema importância. Ela possibilita a execução conjunta de ferramentas, diminuindo a necessidade de intervenção humana para tanto. A interoperação entre ferramentas independentes e frameworks é importante não somente para facilitar o uso conjunto de ferramentas, mas também permite que outros tópicos sejam explorados. Entre eles estão o trabalho de equipes geograficamente distantes e a possibilidade de trabalho com grandes quantidades de dados, que são duas questões importantes para microeletrônica. Ainda, a interoperação entre ferramentas independentes e ambientes traz benefícios mútuos: as ferramentas podem utilizar funcionalidades dos ambientes e se adaptar aos fluxos de projeto deles; os ambientes podem ter suas funcionalidades estendidas pela inclusão de novas ferramentas em seu trabalho. Essas questões são especialmente importantes para pequenas empresas ou ferramentas acadêmicas que não têm condições de incorporar em suas ferramentas muitos dos procedimentos que os ambientes oferecem. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para auxiliar a interoperação entre ferramentas independentes e frameworks relevantes para a microeletrônica, através de um protocolo inspirado em SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), além de oferecer ferramentas de auxílio para a adaptação ao protocolo proposto. A interação com os frameworks é feita através de linguagens script disponibilizadas por eles. Estudos de caso são apresentados para demonstrar a usabilidade da proposta.

Tábula: uma framework para o desenvolvimento de aplicações REST

O desenvolvimento de aplicações web nos nossos dias é uma área importante, devido à disseminação do acesso à Internet e à utilização do browser como uma aplicação cliente universal. A aplicação web típica em HTML está sendo desafiada por tecnologias que permitem interfaces ricas que comunicam com um backend através de serviços. As ferramentas existentes para criar aplicações web ainda não adoptaram esta abordagem e o suporte existente é omissa em oferecer programadores ferramentas dinâmicas e fáceis de usar. Web Services tradicionais baseados em SOAP e Representacional State Transfer (REST) são alternativas para a comunicação entre o frontend e no backend. O REST ganhou recentemente visibilidade e a sua menor dificuldade de aprendizagem parece adequada para muitas aplicações. No entanto, a falta de normas leva a implementar serviços REST de muitas formas diferentes, mesmo na mesma plataforma, não existindo um acordo comum sobre como descrevê-los. Nesta dissertação, propomos uma nova framework para o desenvolvimento rápido de aplicações baseadas em REST. Para esse efeito, especificações e serviços de administração são apresentadas a fim de resolver os problemas de configuração de uma camada de serviços baseada em REST. Além disso, é apresentada uma nova abordagem para processar os pedidos, permitindo também a aplicação dos princípios AOP. Finalmente, é apresentada a implementação de uma framework que suporte estas especificações. Neste âmbito, temos por objectivo expor as potencialidades dinâmicas desta framework, tendo em vista a maximização da produtividade do programador na criação de aplicações baseadas em REST, minimizando o reinício do servidor e suportando dinamicamente uma ampla gama de mudanças.

A ideologia da encenação: uma análise dos aspectos cênico/ideológicos da encenação produzida pela indústria cultural

The research that led to this dissertation adopted a set of scenic/ideological aspects inherent to the productions of the Culture Industry as its object of research. The intellectual output of Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer underscored the approaches on this subject, since it provides the same set of scenic/ideological features to be explored because, according to the authors, scenes produced by the culture industry are linked to the dominant ideology, since they act in favor of maintaining the status quo. The first objective was the definition this set of features inherent to the scene produced by the culture industry, through the exploration of literature produced by Adorno and Horkheimer, so it was possible to define a set composed of nine elements: Construction of characters as characteristic types; Stereotypes; Naturalization of Stereotyped language; Simplistic playwriting; Reuse dramatic formula; Love and sexuality as themes of plots; Utilization of tragic element; Objetive representation; Approximation of fiction and reality. The second goal was the analysis of scene produced by the culture industry nowadays, so that it was possible to verify if any scenic/ideological aspects indicated by Adorno and Horkheimer in the mid-twentieth century were present among the productions from this beginning of the twenty-first century. Through the analysis of three soap operas produced in Brazil in 2012, it was found that the nine scenic/ideological aspects as indicated by Adorno and Horkheimer appeared in the observed productions. Additionally, a new scenic/ideological feature, not indicated by Adorno and Horkheimer is present: the merchandising

Uso tópico de ketanserina na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos

Estudou-se a eficácia do uso tópico de ketanserina como promotor da cicatrização de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos. As feridas foram produzidas em ambos os metâmeros na região da garupa de oito cavalos adultos, em formato quadrangular, medindo cinco centímetros de lado. Aleatoriamente um dos metâmeros foi escolhido como tratado, permanecendo o contralateral como controle. As lesões do grupocontrole foram lavadas somente com água e detergente neutro e no grupo tratado foi realizado o mesmo procedimento seguido de aplicação tópica de ketanserina. A evolução macroscópica e microscópica do processo cicatricial foi avaliada e a área de cada ferida determinada no decorrer do período experimental. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre as feridas do grupo-controle e do grupo tratado com ketanserina durante 56 dias de avaliação.

Desenvolvimento de um middleware para comunicação via web services e sua aplicação em sistemas de aquisição de dados industriais

The control of industrial processes has become increasingly complex due to variety of factory devices, quality requirement and market competition. Such complexity requires a large amount of data to be treated by the three levels of process control: field devices, control systems and management softwares. To use data effectively in each one of these levels is extremely important to industry. Many of today s industrial computer systems consist of distributed software systems written in a wide variety of programming languages and developed for specific platforms, so, even more companies apply a significant investment to maintain or even re-write their systems for different platforms. Furthermore, it is rare that a software system works in complete isolation. In industrial automation is common that, software had to interact with other systems on different machines and even written in different languages. Thus, interoperability is not just a long-term challenge, but also a current context requirement of industrial software production. This work aims to propose a middleware solution for communication over web service and presents an user case applying the solution developed to an integrated system for industrial data capture , allowing such data to be available simplified and platformindependent across the network

Remoção conjugada de metais e óleo de água produzida

Petroleum can be associated or not with natural gas, but in both cases water is always present in its formation. The presence of water causes several problems, such as the difficulty of removing the petroleum from the reservoir rock and the formation of waterin-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. The produced water causes environmental problems, which should be solved to reduce the effect of petroleum industry in the environment. The main objective of this work is to remove simultaneously from the produced water the dispersed petroleum and dissolved metals. The process is made possible through the use of anionic surfactants that with its hydrophilic heads interacts with ionized metals and with its lipophilic tails interacts with the oil. The studied metals were: calcium, magnesium, barium, and cadmium. The surfactants used in this research were derived from: soy oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, and a soap obtained from a mixture of 5wt.% coconut oil and 95wt.% animal fat. It was used a sample of produced water from Terminal de São Sebastião, São Paulo. As the concentration of the studied metals in produced water presented values close to 300 mg/L, it was decided to use this concentration as reference for the development of this research. Molecular absorption and atomic absorption spectroscopy were used to determine petroleum and metals concentrations in the water sample, respectively. A constant pressure filtration system was used to promote the separation of solid and liquid phases. To represent the behavior of the studied systems it was developed an equilibrium model and a mathematical one. The obtained results showed that all used surfactants presented similar behavior with relation to metals extraction, being selected the surfactant derived from soy oil for this purpose. The values of the partition coefficients between the solid and liquid phases " D " for the studied metals varied from 0.2 to 1.1, while the coefficients for equilibrium model " K " varied from 0.0002 and 0.0009. The removal percentile for oil with all metals associated was near 100%, showing the efficiency of the process

Ver, lembrar e narrar: a conformação das memórias sobre a ditadura militar na recepção assistida do audiovisual

Subjective and socially constructed instance, the memory is not a natural phenomenon, but an area of contention between various social organizations for control and legitimation of a past. With the development of writing and the advent of new technical devices, it creates new ways to store and transport information. The memory is no longer restricted to the limits of the here and now of the subject and undergoes transformations. In this scenario, the media start to play an important role in publicizing and construction of embodiments of memory. This study aims to analyze the conformation of the memory of political groups during the process of receiving audiovisual fiction. For this purpose, a corpus of four chapters of the soap opera Love and Revolution was used as a cognitive device for remembering. The television series, broadcast by SBT between April 2011 and January 2012, went back to the beginning and development of the military dictatorship in Brazil, in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Three militants of various affiliations Communists who acted against the regime in Rio Grande do Norte and neighboring states, were participants in this study. Using the method of oral history, the research was divided into two stages: in-depth interviews, which dealt with the history of life of employees with the militancy in the Communist parties and other social movements, and the assistance of a drive dramatic soap opera Love and Revolution. Comparing these two phases of the study, we analyze the flow of mediations that crossed memories of militancy and media framework; shifts the narrative of remembrance during reception, and the opposition between memory and represented the experiences of the receivers

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS of MESSAGE EXCHANGES INTO WEB SERVICE-BASED APPLICATIONS

Web service-based application is an architectural style, where a collection of Web services communicate to each other to execute processes. With the popularity increase of Web service-based applications and since messages exchanged inside of this applications can be complex, we need tools to simplify the understanding of interrelationship among Web services. This work present a description of a graphical representation of Web service-based applications and the mechanisms inserted among Web service requesters and providers to catch information to represent an application. The major contribution of this paper is to discus and use HTTP and SOAP information to show a graphical representation similar to a UML sequence diagram of Web service-based applications.

PEWS-RT, um sistema de tempo de execução para a linguagem PEWS

Web services are loosely coupled applications that use XML documents as a way of integrating distinct systems on the internet. Such documents are used by in standards such as SOAP, WSDL and UDDI which establish, respectively, integrated patterns for the representation of messages, description, and publication of services, thus facilitating the interoperability between heterogeneous systems. Often one single service does not meet the users needs, therefore new systems can be designed from the composition of two or more services. This which is the design goal behind the of the Service Oriented Architecture. Parallel to this scenario, we have the PEWS (Predicate Path-Expressions for Web Services) language, which speci es behavioural speci cations of composite web service interfaces.. The development of the PEWS language is divided into two parts: front-end and back-end. From a PEWS program, the front-end performs the lexical analysis, syntactic and semantic compositions and nally generate XML code. The function of the back-end is to execute the composition PEWS. This master's dissertation work aims to: (i) reformulate the proposed architecture for the runtime system of the language, (ii) Implement the back-end for PEWS by using .NET Framework tools to execute PEWS programs using the Windows Work ow Foundation

Effect of disinfection and storage on the flexural strength of ocular prosthetic acrylic resins

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of Chemical Disinfection and Accelerated Aging on Color Stability of Maxillofacial Silicone with Opacifiers

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability of MDX4-4210 maxillofacial elastomer with opacifier addition submitted to chemical disinfection and accelerated aging.Materials and Methods: Ninety specimens were obtained from Silastic MDX4-4210 silicone. The specimens were divided into three groups (n = 30): Group I: colorless, Group II: barium sulfate opacifier, Group III: titanium dioxide opacifier. Specimens of each group (n = 10) were disinfected with effervescent tablets, neutral soap, or 4% chlorhexidine gluconate. Disinfection was conducted three times a week for 2 months. Afterward, the specimens were submitted to different periods of accelerated aging. Color evaluation was carried out after 60 days (disinfection period) and after 252, 504, and 1008 hours of accelerated aging, using a reflection spectrophotometer. Color alterations were calculated by the CIE L*a*b* system. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey test (alpha = 0.05).Results: Group II exhibited the lowest color change, whereas Group III the highest (p < 0.05), regardless of the chemical disinfection and accelerated aging periods.Conclusion: Opacifier addition, chemical disinfection, and accelerated aging procedures affected the color stability of the maxillofacial silicone.

Effects of pigment, disinfection, and accelerated aging on the hardness and deterioration of a facial silicone elastomer

The failure of facial prostheses is caused by limitations in their flexibility and durability. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of disinfection and aging on Shore A hardness and deterioration of a facial silicone with different pigmentations. Twenty samples with addition of each pigment (ceramic (C), make-up (M)) and without pigment (L) were made. For each pigment type and no pigment, 10 samples were subjected to two types of disinfectant solution (soap (S) and Efferdent (E)), totaling sixty samples. The specimens were disinfected three times per week for 60 days, and subjected to accelerated aging for 1008 h. The hardness of the facial silicone was measured with a durometer, and its deterioration was evaluated by obtaining the weight difference over time. Both the hardness and weight of the samples were measured at baseline, after chemical disinfection, and periodically during accelerated aging (252, 504, and 1008 h). Deterioration was calculated during the periods between baseline and chemical disinfection, and between baseline and each aging period. The results were analyzed using three-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Tukey's HSD Post-hoc test (alpha = 0.05). Specifically, samples containing pigment exhibited significantly higher hardness and deterioration values than those lacking pigment (P < 0.05). In addition, period of time (disinfection and accelerated aging) statistically increased the hardness and deterioration values of the silicone (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that both pigment and time statistically affected the hardness and deterioration of the silicone elastomer. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of Disinfection and Accelerated Aging on Color Stability of Colorless and Pigmented Facial Silicone

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influence of Investment, Disinfection, and Storage on the Microhardness of Ocular Resins

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)