Strategic Votes and Sincere Counterfactuals

The Random Utility Model (RUM) of voting behavior can account for strategic voting by making use of proxy indicators that measure voter incentives to vote strategically. The contribution of this paper is to propose a new method to estimate the RUM in the presence of strategic voters, without having to construct proxy measures of strategic voting incentives. Our method can be used to infer the counterfactual sincere vote of those who vote strategically and provides an estimate of the size of strategic voting. We illustrate the procedure using post-electoral survey data from Spain. Our calculations indicate that strategic voting in Spain is about 2.19 per cent

Numerical analysis of gain saturation, noise figure, and carrier distribution for quantum-dot semiconductor-optical amplifiers

The gain saturation behaviors and noise figure are numerically analyzed for quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD-SOAs). The carrier and photon distributions in the longitudinal direction as well as the photon energy dependent facet reflectivity are accounted in the rate equations, which are solved with output amplified spontaneous emission spectrum as iterative variables. The longitudinal distributions of the occupation probabilities and spectral-hole burning are presented for electrons in the excited and ground states of quantum dots. The saturation output power 19.7 dBm and device gain 20.6 dB are obtained for a QD-SOA with the cavity length of 6 rum at the bias current of 500 mA. The influences of them electron intradot relaxation time and the QD capture time on the gain spectrum are simulated with the relaxation time of 1, 30, and 60 ps and capture time of 1, 5, and 10 ps. The noise figure as low as 3.5 dB is expected due to the strong polarization sensitive spontaneous emission. The characteristics of gain saturation and noise figure versus input signal power for QD-SOAs are similar to that of semiconductor. linear optical amplifiers with gain clamping by vertical laser fields.

Determination of allopurinol and its active metabolite oxypurinol by capillary electrophoresis with end-column amperometric detection

A simple method was proposed for the separation of allopurinol (AP) and its active metabolite oxypurinol (OP) by capillary electrophoresis with end-column amperometric detection. A running buffer composed of 15 rum Na2HPO4/NaH2PO4 at a pH 9.55, electrokinetic injection 7 s at 5 kV, separation voltage at 15 kV and detection potential at 1.20 V were investigated to be the optimal condition for the separation. The method exhibited low detection Emit (S/N = 3) as 1 x 10(-8) mol/l for AP and OP, wide linearity range of 2 x 10(-7) to 1 x 10(-4) mol/l, 1 x 10(-7) to 1 x 10(-4) and high efficiency of 1.2 x 10(5) and 1.8 x 10(5) N/m for AP and OP, respectively. The potential application examined for the method was the determination of the spiked urine sample, which was proved to be sensitive and efficient. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Blue-light emitting diodes and flat display based on poly(p-phenylenevinylene) copolymers

Copolymers containing alternating flexible aliphatic blocks and rigid poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) blocks were synthesized and characterized. It was found that the fluorescent intensity increases with increasing length of the flexible blocks. Bright blue-light emitting diodes were fabricated using PPV copolymers as electroluminescent layers. The devices show 190 cd/m(2) light-emitting brightness at 460 nm and 15 V rum-on voltage. The effects of oxadiazole derivative PBD and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum Alq(3) electron-transporting layers on the luminance and stability of the devices are discussed.

Random Regret Minimization: Exploration of a New Choice Model for Environmental and Resource Economics

This paper introduces the discrete choice model-paradigm of Random Regret Minimization (RRM) to the field of environmental and resource economics. The RRM-approach has been very recently developed in the context of travel demand modelling and presents a tractable, regret-based alternative to the dominant choice-modelling paradigm based on Random Utility Maximization-theory (RUM-theory). We highlight how RRM-based models provide closed form, logit-type formulations for choice probabilities that allow for capturing semi-compensatory behaviour and choice set-composition effects while being equally parsimonious as their utilitarian counterparts. Using data from a Stated Choice-experiment aimed at identifying valuations of characteristics of nature parks, we compare RRM-based models and RUM-based models in terms of parameter estimates, goodness of fit, elasticities and consequential policy implications.

The role of regret minimisation in lifestyle choices affecting the risk of coronary heart disease

This paper introduces the discrete choice model-paradigm of Random Regret Minimisation (RRM) to the field of health economics. The RRM is a regret-based model that explores a driver of choice different from the traditional utility-based Random Utility Maximisation (RUM). The RRM approach is based on the idea that, when choosing, individuals aim to minimise their regret–regret being defined as what one experiences when a non-chosen alternative in a choice set performs better than a chosen one in relation to one or more attributes. Analysing data from a discrete choice experiment on diet, physical activity and risk of a fatal heart attack in the next ten years administered to a sample of the Northern Ireland population, we find that the combined use of RUM and RRM models offer additional information, providing useful behavioural insights for better informed policy appraisal.

Regret minimisation and utility maximisation in a freight transport context

This study is the first to compare random regret minimisation (RRM) and random utility maximisation (RUM) in freight transport application. This paper aims to compare RRM and RUM in a freight transport scenario involving negative shock in the reference alternative. Based on data from two stated choice experiments conducted among Swiss logistics managers, this study contributes to related literature by exploring for the first time the use of mixed logit models in the most recent version of the RRM approach. We further investigate two paradigm choices by computing elasticities and forecasting choice probability. We find that regret is important in describing the managers’ choices. Regret increases in the shock scenario, supporting the idea that a shift in reference point can cause a shift towards regret minimisation. Differences in elasticities and forecast probability are identified and discussed appropriately.

Host-parasite relations in a mycoparasitic system : alterations in membrane permeability and lipid composition in Choanephora cucurbitarum infected by Piptocephalis virginiana /

examined in Choanephora cucurbita rum during the early stages of infection by Piptocephalis virginiana » There was a small but consistent increase in the leakage of electrolytes, amino acids and sugars as a result of infection. These low levels of differential leakage in infected tissues are explained on the basis of the nature of this obligate, biotrophic, mycoparasitic system. Quantitative analysis of the twenty six amino acids and amino compounds detected in the leacheates — showed similar profiles in infected and control host and no new species of amino acids or amino compounds were detected in either infected or control host leacheates. Comparatively high amounts of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine were found in the leacheates of host and infected host . Analyses of the sugars comprising the leacheates of infected and control host showed the presence of eight sugars, among which glucose was found in significant amounts (50-53%) ' The nutritional implication of this preferential leakage is discussed. No significant difference was observed in the leacheates of infected host sugar profiles compared with that of the control host. Profiles of the internal pool sugars of infected and control host did not reflect that obtained from the leacheate data, perhaps owing to leakage of sugars in a selective manner . Membrane lipid analyses yielded higher levels of lipid in infected host compared with the control, both at the 24 h and 36 h analyses. In addition, preliminary investigations of phosphorous-32 incorporation and turnover in phospholipids showed higher levels of 32p incorporation and turnover in infected host compared with the control. No apparent difference was noted in the profiles of the neutral lipid classes and the polar lipid classes of the membrane lipids as determined by one and two dimensional thin-layer chromatography respectively. However, a small but consistently higher degree of unsaturation was detected in the fatty acids of infected tissue compared with the control. Also, '^''-^^''^^'-'-^'^^c acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid previously reported to show a direct correlation during the early stages of infection and the degree of parasitism of P. virginiana on C. cucurbitarum , was found in higher amounts in infected host membrane lipids compared with that of the control host. The implications of these membrane lipid alterations are discussed with particular reference to the small but consistently higher leakage of electrolytes, amino acids and sugars observed during infection in this study.

Seagram Museum Collection

The Seagram Museum was opened on May 16th, 1984 by the Honourable William G. Davis, Premier of Ontario. The museum was devoted to the history and technology of the wine and spirit industry. The museum focused on wine-making and distillation, as well as barrel-making and cork manufacturing. The museum was located adjacent to the Seagram Distillery in Waterloo, Ontario. In 1997, the museum closed due to lack of funds.

Alberta Price List No. 3., January 1st, 1925

A price list form for the Alberta Liquor Control Board from 1 January 1925. The price list includes "General Information" in regards to permits for individuals and special permits. The alcohol is then listed by category for pricing: Scotch Whisky, Irish Whisky, Rye Whisky, Bourbon Whisky, Rum, Gin, Brandy, Port, Native Wine, Italian (Type) Wines, Sherry, Claret, Burgundy, White Wine, Sparkling Wine, Vermouth, Cocktails, Liqueurs, Champagne, Bitters, Ale and Stout, Chinese Liquors.

Photograph - The Home of Bacardi, Santiago de Cuba

A photograph of "The Home of Bacardi - Santiago de Cuba" from a folder containing six photograph in total. The package was created by Bacardi and contains photographs of historical places at Santiago de Cuba.

La construcci??n de una nueva cultura en centros educativos

El F??rum Europeo de Administradores de la Educaci??n celebr?? en Murcia sus octavas jornadas estatales sobre el tema de la construcci??n de la nueva cultura en centros educativos. El libro recoge las ponencias principales y las presentadas en las mesas tem??ticas. Las principales fueron: culturas escolares, reformas e innovaciones: entre la tradici??n y el cambio (Antonio Vi??ao Frago); La participaci??n de la comunidad educativa en la gesti??n y planificaci??n de los centros: Autonom??a y liderazgo democr??tico (Manuel Lorenzo Delgado) y Marketing social de la escuela: Meras reflexiones con propuestas tentativas (Ismael Quintanilla).

Caracterización de las alteraciones en la función renal, la presión arterial y las malformaciones anatómicas renales- urinarias y cardiovasculares en pacientes con Sindrome de Turner en la Fundación Cardioinfantil entre 1999 y 2009

Se caracterizan las malformaciones renales y urinarias (MRU), y cardiovasculares (CV), así como la función renal (FR) y la presión arterial (PA) en pacientes con Sindrome de Turner (ST) mediante un estudio retrospectivo entre 1999 y 2009 en Bogotá. Se encontró 10 pacientes con algún grado de insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC). Además 4 pacientes presentaron prehipertensión arterial, y 5 (HTA); en ellos se encontró hidronefrosis y riñón poliquístico. Las MRU más frecuentes fueron únicas; en ellas las mayores alteraciones cromosómicas son la monosomía y el mosaicismo. La mayor malformación CV fué la válvula aórtica bicúspide. El ST amerita seguimiento de FR y PA para prevenir complicaciones a largo plazo por IRC e HTA.