Diversidade Ictiofaunística e Ecologia reprodutiva de uma espécie nativa de peixe da Bacia Piranhas-Assu, RN

The Caatinga biome is rich in endemic fish species fauna. The present study the results of fish faunal surveys conducted in the hydrographic basin of Piranhas-Assu of the Brazilian Caatinga biome. The fish samples collected were distributed in four orders (Characiformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes and Synbranchiformes), 11 families (Characidae, Curimatidae, Auchenipteridae, Anostomidae, Prochilodontidae, Erythrinidae, Cichlidae, Sciaenidae, Heptapteridae, Loricariidae, Synbranchidae) and 22 species, of which 17 are endemic and five have been introduced from other basins. The order Characiformes was the most representative in number of species (46,35% ) followed by Perciformes (35,38%), Siluriformes (17,44%) and Synbranchiformes (0,5%). The Nile tilapia, Oreochomis niloticus, the only exotic species, was most expressive in number of individuals (24.92%) followed by the native species piau preto, Leporinus piau (18,77 %). Considering the relative frequency of occurrence of the 22 species, 13 were constant, five were accessory and four were occasional. This study investigated the reproductive ecology of an endemic fish black piau, Leporinus piau from the Marechal Dutra reservoir, Acari, Rio Grande do Norte. Samplings were done on a monthly basis from January to December 2009, and a total of 211 specimens were captured. The environmental parameters such as rainfall, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen of water were recorded. The sampled population showed a slight predominance of males (55%), however females were larger and heavier. Both sexes of L. piau showed positive allometric growth, indicating a higher increase of weight than length. The first sexual maturation of males occurred at smaller size, with 16.5 cm in total length than females (20.5 cm). During the reproductive period, the condition factor and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of L. piau were negatively correlated. This species has large oocytes with a high mean fecundity of 54.966 with synchronous oocyte development and total spawning

Monitoramento da morfologia costeira em setores da bacia potiguar sob influência da indústria petrolífera utilizando geodésia de alta precisão e laser escâner terrestre

The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was monitoring, in trimestral scale, the coastal morphology of the Northeastern coast sections of Rio Grande do Norte State, in Brazil, which is an area of Potiguar Basin influenced by the oil industry activities. The studied sections compose coastal areas with intense sedimentary erosion and high environmental sensitivity to the oil spill. In order to achieve the general objective of this study, the work has been systematized in four steps. The first one refers to the evaluation of the geomorphological data acquisition methodologies used on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of sandy beaches. The data has been obtained from Soledade beach, located on the Northeastern coast of Rio Grande Norte. The second step has been centered on the increasing of the reference geodetic infrastructure to accomplish the geodetic survey of the studied area by implanting a station in Corta Cachorro Barrier Island and by conducting monitoring geodetic surveys to understand the beach system based on the Coastline (CL) and on DEM multitemporal analysis. The third phase has been related to the usage of the methodology developed by Santos; Amaro (2011) and Santos et al. (2012) for the surveying, processing, representation, integration and analysis of Coastlines from sandy coast, which have been obtained through geodetic techniques of positioning, morphological change analysis and sediment transport. The fourth stage represents the innovation of surveys in coastal environment by using the Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), based on Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), to evaluate a highly eroded section on Soledade beach where the oil industry structures are located. The evaluation has been achieved through high-precision DEM and accuracy during the modeling of the coast morphology changes. The result analysis of the integrated study about the spatial and temporal interrelations of the intense coastal processes in areas of building cycles and destruction of beaches has allowed identifying the causes and consequences of the intense coastal erosion in exposed beach sections and in barrier islands

ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO AÇUDE ORÓS: BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO JAGUARIBE/CE - BRASIL

A bacia hidrográfica do rio Jaguaribe está situada em sua grande parte a sudoeste do Estado do Ceará, com uma pequena parcela a noroeste do Estado de Pernambuco. As nascentes do rio que nomeiam esta bacia localizam-se na Serra da Joaninha, município de Tauá, possuindo um padrão dendrítico do tipo exorréica, onde deságua no Oceano Atlântico, na cidade de Fortim, com uma extensão aproximada de 610 km. O açude Orós está inserido no médio curso da bacia hidrográfica Jaguaribana, onde o mesmo foi construído para suprir o déficit hídrico estadual. O objetivo do estudo é analisar a distribuição hídrica do açude Orós na região Jaguaribana, tomando enfoque nas necessidades de cada município assistido. A metodologia consiste em análise bibliográfica, cartográfica e pesquisa de campo. Pode-se constatar a importância do Comitê de Bacias Hidrográficas na administração dos recursos hídricos na área pesquisada, interferindo nos aspectos ambientais e socioeconômicos da região.

A tecnologia SIG aplicada ao estudo da vulnerabilidade à poluição das águas subterrâneas na bacia hidrográfica das Ribeiras do Oeste

Trabalho de Projeto apresentado como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência e Sistemas de Informação Geográfica

Variação espacial de cátions, ânions e variáveis físico-químicas no rio Solimões-Amazonas entre Manaus e Jutaí, bacia amazônica

Cátions e ânions majoritários são espécies químicas de grande importância nos diversos compartimentos aquáticos, porém, pouco abordados de forma exclusiva na bacia amazônica. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica espacial de Na+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Cl- e SO4 2- em um trecho do rio Solimões-Amazonas, levando-se em consideração a alcalinidade, potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), condutividade elétrica (CE), sólidos totais em suspensão (STS) e carbono orgânico total (COT). As coletas foram realizadas em maio, julho e setembro de 2012 em sete pontos na calha principal do rio Solimões-Amazonas e na foz de alguns dos principais tributários: rios Jutaí, Juruá, Japurá e Purus. Os cátions e ânions foram analisados por cromatografia de íons, STS por gravimetria, pH por potenciometria, alcalinidade por titulação potenciométrica, CE por condutimetria e o COT por oxidação catalítica por combustão. As concentrações médias dos cátions seguiram esta ordem Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+ e dos ânions SO4 2->Cl-. De montante à jusante a tendência foi diminuição nas concentrações de cátions e ânions, das variáveis pH, CE, STS e alcalinidade, além do aumento das concentrações de COT. O presente estudo evidenciou mudanças nas características químicas sofridas pelo rio Solimões em seu curso. O aporte dos tributários pode ser apontado como um dos fatores responsáveis por essas modificações.

Derrière la plage, les plantations : ethnographie d'une "situation touristique" dans le nordeste brésilien : le cas de Tibau do Sul, RN.

Tibau do Sul est une commune littorale du Rio Grande do Norte connue pour sa Praia da Pipa, un ancien village de pêcheurs entouré de plages spectaculaires, devenu un haut lieu du tourisme balnéaire dans le Nordeste brésilien. Située à la limite d'une zone de plantations sucrières, la station est fréquentée par des villégiateurs issus de l'élite agraire locale depuis le début du XXe siècle. Toutefois, ce n'est que dans les années 1970-80 que le tourisme se développe véritablement sous l'impulsion de jeunes surfeurs attirés par ses vagues, ses beaux paysages et « l'authenticité » de sa population autochtone. A l'époque, l'attitude subversive de ces jeunes voyageurs - inspirés de la contre-culture brésilienne - contraste de manière radicale avec le style paternaliste des élites villégiatrices. Pour la population locale, l'irruption du tourisme ouvre un nouveau champ de possibilités économiques, sociales et politiques. Elle coïncide par ailleurs avec une série d'autres transformations à l'oeuvre dans la région : le déclin des plantations, la modernisation de l'activité maritime, le développement des institutions municipales. Cette conjonction de facteurs encourage l'émergence d'une petite bourgeoisie autochtone impliquée dans les cercles de pouvoirs locaux et capable de négocier avec les étrangers attirés par le tourisme. A mesure que l'activité se professionnalise et s'internationalise, de nouveaux acteurs investissent la commune : agents immobiliers, entrepreneurs, investisseurs internationaux, résidents secondaires européens, travailleurs immigrés, écologistes, institutions publiques, etc. Il s'enclenche alors une cohabitation inédite entre des groupes socialement et culturellement très hétérogènes. A la fois conflictuelle et créatrice, cette configuration induit un certain nombre de frictions qui se manifestent aussi bien dans les rapports fonciers et les luttes environnementales, que dans les activités culturelles, les médias locaux et la politique municipale. A contre-courant des interprétations réductrices présentant le tourisme tantôt comme une forme de « néo-colonialisme », tantôt comme une « recette miracle » pour le développement, l'enquête ethnographique souligne toute l'ambivalence du phénomène touristique. À l'instar de la « situation coloniale » analysée par Georges Balandier (1951), la situation touristique est envisagée comme une configuration sociale fondée sur l'interdépendance entre les acteurs, historiquement déterminée, mais jamais acquise à l'avance. Dans le cas de Tibau do Sul, l'étude révèle l'influence déterminante des structures sociales et foncières - héritées des modes de production antérieurs (la paysannerie, la pêche et les plantations sucrières) - sur la trajectoire touristique des communautés du littoral.

Qualidade da água e sua relação espacial com as fontes de contaminação antrópicas e naturais: bacia hidrográfica do rio São Domingos - RJ

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade das águas da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Domingos (BHRSD), correlacionando-a com as possíveis fontes poluidoras advindas das características naturais e antrópicas da área. Alguns parâmetros físico-químicos foram analisados em 65 pontos (superficiais e subterrâneos) de amostragem. Os resultados foram confrontados com os limites estabelecidos pelas Resoluções CONAMA 357/05 (classe 2), que trata das águas superficiais, e CONAMA 396/08 (consumo humano), que contempla as águas subterrâneas. Foram analisados diversos cátions e ânions, temperatura, alcalinidade, pH, condutividade elétrica (CE), sólidos totais dissolvidos (STD), oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), coliformes termotolerantes e alguns agrotóxicos organoclorados e organofosforados. Os parâmetros que apresentaram inconformidades, com maior frequência, foram: alumínio dissolvido, boro total, ferro dissolvido, manganês total, nitratos, pH, OD, DBO e alguns organoclorados e organofosforados. Embora a área esteja situada em terreno cristalino tropical úmido, o que pode justificar os teores elevados de alumínio, manganês e ferro, os resultados apontam que o comprometimento da qualidade das águas da BHRSD é influenciado pela prática agrícola.

A Geração de inovação na carcinicultura do RN: Uma análise a partir da imersão social

This dissertation examines the organizational innovation as a nonlinear process, which occurs in a social and political context and, therefore, socially immersed. Examines the case of shrimp in the state of RN, starting from the following problem: although the norteriograndense shrimp occupies the largest producer of farmed shrimp from Brazil, has a series of bottlenecks concerning the generation of industry innovation, concerning the social relationships and policies between the various actors in the network, whether private or public, and its consequences in terms of opportunity and limits generated for the innovative dynamics. The objective of the research is to understand how the social embeddedness of political actors affects norteriograndense shrimp within the context of structural relations, the industry generation of innovation, throughout its technological trajectory . The approach of social embeddedness balances atomised perspectives, undersocialized and oversocialized, of economic action, considering both the human capacity to act as sources of constraint, whose mechanisms are analyzed the structural and political. In methodological terms this is a case study, analyzed from the research literature, documentary and experimental. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed in depth by the technique of content analysis. Was adopted a longitudinal approach, seeking to understand the phenomenon from the perspective of the subjects, describing it in an inductive process of investigation. After characterizing the sector and defining their technological trajectory, the analysis of the results followed its four stages: (1) Introduction of Technology: 1973-1980, (2) Intensification of Research: 1981-1991, (3) Technological Adaptation, 1992 -2003, (4) Technological Crisis: 2004-2009. A cross-sectional analysis along the evolutionary trajectory revealed the character of structural changes and policies over time, and implications on the generating process of innovation. Note that, the technological limit to which the sector reached requires changes in technology standards, but is more likely that the potiguar shrimp is entering a new phase of his career in technology rather than a new technological paradigm

O city marketing em Natal/RN e a construção da imagem da cidade

The growing importance of tourism in overall economic activity worldwide has favored the intensification of competition among cities that seek to create environments attractive to tourists and potential investors. It has been common practice to import characteristics of the business environment in the public management of cities. The city marketing is a key tool used by public leaders to promote a linkage between the tourism image and urban image and involves, in addition to promoting the image of the city, the planning of interventions in urban space, trying to formulate a positive image of the city able to facilitate the deployment of capital. This research seeks to understand the nature of city marketing as part of contemporary urban management and analyzes how is its application in decisions concerning the promotion of tourism in Natal/RN. The approach of this research is qualitative, exploratory and descriptive, in which respondents were the main leaders of two of the official tourism site, the Empresa Potiguar de Promoção Turística and the Secretaria Municipal de Turismo e Desenvolvimento Econômico. It was found that there is a strong articulation of public power with private enterprise in the design and conduct of the actions of urban marketing, that from the survey data show that the behavior of target markets provide guidelines for taking strategic decisions relating to tourism. Sun and sea are some key elements explored to form the image of Natal and to authorize the sale of the city as a tropical paradise. However, there is an increase in the diversification of tourism products, seeking to increase flow to the segments of ecotourism, adventure, business and culture. It s also growing the use of local culture as a tourism product, however, the cultural representation focuses on superficial values and does not bring to light the social and historical richness that the city has. Public authorities use the city marketing strategies as a means able to maximize the attractiveness of Natal urban space to investors, business groups and tourists. It can be observed that urban managers seek solutions that can continuously increase the tours, which often manifests in interventions that focus the tourist areas of the city, in oposition of those who do not contribute to a positive reading of the city, which ultimately generate the worsening of spacial and social inequalities

Aqui o nativo é o caboclo... : O processo de construção da identidade cabocla em Mirandas/RN

Ce travaille de dissertation (Master) est le résultat de trois ans de travaille auprès de Mirandas, endroit situé à 22 kilomètres de la ville de Caraúbas, région ouest de l Etat du Rio Grande do Norte. Pendant cette période, on a compris que les habitants de Mirandas se identifient et sont identifiés pour les autres comme des caboclos , catégorie de classification que dans le discours courant, soit à Mirandas ou dans la siège de la municipalité, a des rapports avec la vision que les tous premiers habitants de Mirandas sont venus de la ville du Cabo , dans l Etat de Pernambuco. Et pourtant ; l usage qu a été fait de cette version a fini pour cacher des éléments qui ont défini l identité de Mirandas, tel comme la probable descendance indigène que parfois est actionnée dans les narratives qui montrent des rapports entre les portugais et des femmes indiens qu ont été pris à casco de cavalo (cheval) . (MACÊDO, 2010; CAVIGNAC, 2003). Donc, cette ethnographie porte à la lumière des éléments que sont utilisés pour les mirandenses pour définir leur identité. Cette identité peut être bien visualisé a partir des éléments que les caboclos font des signes diacritiques (BARTH, 1998; OLIVEIRA, 1976), bien comme des rapports établis entre les habitants de Mirandas et ces de Caraúbas. Des rapports qui ont rendu possible les manifestations d affinité et de conflits et que, donc, nous aide à entendre comme cette identité se réactualise dans ces rapports d union et opposition que les mirandenses construisent avec les caraubenses. Cela arrive dans les rapports territoriaux, économiques et de façon plus marquante, dans les rapports religieux.

Militância, organização e mobilização antiproibicionista da maconha: coletivos, eventos e marchas em Natal (RN)

Based on the proposal entitled anti-prohibitionist, contrary to prohibition and illegality of cannabis and its use, the anti-prohibitionist Collectives proposes to discuss the topic of drugs, especially marijuana, aiming decriminalization and legalization of this psychoactive. With this idea was articulated anti-prohibitionist movement in Natal, by organizing collectives that discuss issues related to drug use and conduct activities directed to this issue, such as Marijuana Marches and Cycles of Debates anti-prohibitionist. In this study we sought to understand the positioning in social and cultural terms, the marijuana users participating of the collectives, on the situation of illegality of their actions, in front of social, legal and moral question involved in the illicit psychoactive, through initiatives conferences, events and demonstrations for this purpose

Da promessa à realidade: a cidade potiguar do século XIX, a partir do olhar da elite

The purpose of this research is to apprehend the perception that the ruling elite, especially the Presidents of the province of Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil, had about the potiguar city, that is, the urban localities existing in the province along the 19th century. By interweaving political, administrative, socioeconomic and spatial aspects, the study of this perception involves two distinct moments, which are also linked: a moment of apprehension of the city, that is, how the elite seizes, describes and criticizes the city; and, a second moment, which occurs simultaneously or after the first moment, of intervention in the city, in which the elite exposes its vision and projects for the city and for the territory. Rather than describing the potiguar city in itself, the research is an attempt to reveal how it was perceived along this process from a particular standpoint or discourse, official and elitist, which did not correspond necessarily or completely to what it was in reality. We tried to understand, always through the lens of the discourse, how the ruling elite perceived the potiguar city based on what their members thought about other urban realities, particularly of the advanced countries; how, within an integrated vision, this city was characterized in political, administrative, socioeconomic and spatial terms and how it consolidated itself along the period established for the research. Qualitative and historical in nature, this study was also methodologically developed based upon bibliographical and documental research. Given the fact that this research works with descriptions, comparisons and interpretations, it was necessary to make use of tools such as the discourse analysis in order to apprehend, as much as possible, what lay behind the words of the elite. The primary sources used were essentially the official documents produced by the Presidents of the province, as well as other documents written by top government officials and other members of the administration staff, all of them composing the so-called ruling elite of Rio Grande do Norte. Secondary sources were books and other publications, theses and dissertations, among others. The research made possible the identification of a certain perception of the potiguar city in the 19th century, which is certainly limited because it is grounded on a specific discourse - that of the political and administrative elite, but which, in spite of such a limitation, is still useful to understand the city and its evolution along the period established, among other noteworthy remarks

A forma do privilégio: renda, acessibilidade e densidade em Natal-RN

The aim of this work is to understand the morphological expression of ground occupation by the higher income population, by focusing on population distribution in accordance with income layers and demographical density, as well as topological accessibility (HILLIER and HANSON, 1984) resulting from the urban grid structure. It endeavors to identify a functional organizing principle regarding the intra-urban space of Natal capital city of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the research focus. In order to achieve this, census data as well as syntactic data were utilized for mapping and spatial analysis of income patterns, topological accessibility and demographical density using Geographical Information System GIS. The organizing principle was named as the Form of Privilege, a pattern that concentrates or tends to concentrate wealth, topological accessibility and low demographical density. Attempting to assess its extent, beyond Natal, this principle was applied to other Brazilian northeastern capitals such as: Fortaleza, CE; Teresina, PI; Aracaju, SE; Recife, PE; and João Pessoa, PB. Findings point out that although the urban structures of these cities are not immune to the Form of Privilege, Natal is emblematic of this phenomenon, a fact that demonstrates the perverse character of its spatial process, which historically creates privileged areas within the city, by means of the appropriation of accessibility as well as of the many urban benesses that are related to it by higher income groups at the expense of the major part of the population, which though being the people mostly in need of the benefits originating from the urban form are excluded from them

Uma cidade em transformação: a influência da atividade do crediário nas mudanças da paisagem urbana de Tenente Ananias-RN

Studies on the urban landscape and on the changes of the urban space are relevant, since they reveal the economic dynamics and the way of life in the cities. Research on small towns, in particular, can display particular aspects and by so doing broaden the comprehension of this theme. The purpose of this research is to analyze the changes in the urban landscape and in the way of life of the inhabitants of the town of Tenente Ananias-RN that have been taking place since the 1990s up to the present (2013) and which result mainly from the commercial activity of crediário. The study is, therefore, a reflection on the impact of crediário economy on the urban landscape and on the way of life of a small town located in the hinterland of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. For this reason, it was necessary to study the landscape and the way of life found in Tenente Ananias in two moments: a) before the rise of the crediário, a period of time ranging from the town‟s initial emergence until the beginning of the 1990s; b) during the progress of crediário activity, from the beginning of the 1990s, when it starts, up to the present (2013). For this research, primary data (interviews, local survey visits) and secondary data (books, articles, reports, census data) were used. As a result of this study, it was possible to conclude that crediário plays a fundamental role for the explanation of the changes taking place in Tenente Ananias-RN, especially in the urban landscape and in the way of life of people. We have attempted, through this research, to contribute to the studies of a historical, social and economic process related to the urban landscape and space of a small town in the State of Rio Grande do Norte

Um espaço pioneiro de modernidade educacional: Grupo Escolar Augusto Severo -Natal/RN -1908-13

Cette recherche a pour but d analyser l Ecole Augusto Severo, située dans la ville de Natal dont la construction date de 1907,étant le premier établissement d enseignement primaire à l état du Rio Grande do Norte, pendant le processus de restructuration de l enseignement républicain. On cherche à comprendre la représentation de ce milieu scolaire, comme équipement urbain, dans le processus de modernisation de la ville et comme modèle éducationnel pour l état entre 1908 et 1913. En se servant des études historiographes sur le processus de modernisation de quelques villes brésiliennes et des innovations de l enseignement public primaire au pays, à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle et pendant la première décennie du vingtième siècle, comme source pour mieux saisir le contexte général et spécifique. On reconstitue les aspects économiques, sociaux et politiques déterminants des interventions publiques réalisées dans cette ville par les gouvernements républicains ayant comme obectif la construction d une ville embellie,hygiénique et civilisée. Située au quartier Ribeira, principal scénario de la modernité de Natal, l Ecole Augusto Severo est mise em relief comme symbole de civilité du paysage urbain de l époque pour le citoyen du Rio Grande do Norte. Elle disposait de services d énergie et d un tram électrique. Il y avait devant, un grand lac arborisé et une station ferroviaire. A côté, il y avait le théâtre Carlos Gomes (actuellement Alberto Maranhão). Par suíte de son imposante architecture, raffiné style éclectique,on reflète l idéal républicain des elites locales, avec une conception d espace symbolique et éducative de surveillance et contrôle, caractéristiques de l école graduée républicaine