991 resultados para Planejamento Territorial
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The electrochemical properties of methylene blue immobilized on cellulose/TiO2 and mixed oxide SiO2/TiO2 matrices were investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The electron mediator property of the methylene blue was optimized using a factorial design, consisting of four factors in two levels. The experimental observations and data analyses on the system indicate that the lowest peak separation occurs for Sil/TiOAM, 1.0 mol L-1 KCl solution and 20 mV s-1 scan rate, while values of current ratio closest to unity were found for Cel/TiOAM independent of electrolyte concentration, 0.2 or 1.0 mol L-1, and scan rate, 20 mV s-1 or 60 mV s-1.
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This works describes the use of experimental design and surface response methodology for optimization of saponin extraction from Ampelozizyphus amazonicus. For this purpose, a method employing extraction based on maceration assisted by ultrasound technique was utilized. The following factors were studied: extraction length of time and solvent composition. The total saponin was determined by using a gravimetric method and the results expressed by their relative proportion to total crude extract. For the specific condition, 60% hydro-alcoholic solution and 18 minutes extraction length of time has shown the best results. This method can be useful for extraction of substances with biological importance
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as taxas de mortalidade por câncer de boca no período de 1991-2001, no município de Bauru-SP. A fonte de informação utilizada para o reconhecimento e seleção da população-alvo foram Certidões de Óbito dos Cartórios do município de Bauru com dados relativos ao período 1991-2001. Foram coletadas informações referentes a sexo, idade, localização da lesão e endereço. A coleta dos endereços visou à identificação no mapa do município de Bauru da localização geográfica do domicílio. Utilizando ferramentas do geoprocessamento, foi feita a inserção no mapa dos casos identificados. Foram registrados 67 casos de morte por câncer de boca na cidade de Bauru entre 1991 e 2001, com maiores taxas no sexo masculino e sexta década de vida. A análise da distribuição espacial mostra que a maioria dos casos encontra-se próxima à linha férrea que corta o município e foi responsável, em grande parte, pela ocupação territorial pela população, sendo esta também uma área que abrange os bairros mais antigos do município. O câncer de boca constitui importante causa de óbito no município, requerendo um planejamento de ações georreferenciadas pelo sistema local de saúde.
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It is a generally acknowledged fact that the dynamics of frontier advance deeply influenced the broad experience of American post colonial societies. The colonization, which started most from the east boundaries of the continent, appropriated and gradually transformed the American territories from east to west. The advance, initially represented by the arrival of the European settlers, went on to become an important trace of that society which did not come to know any physical limits of a restricted territory. However, despite the common identity granted by these territorial dynamics, the later developments and consequences seem to have shaped differently the Northern representatives from their Southern counterparts. In addition, the interpretation of these facts bore in each of these regions different meanings and traits.
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Entre 1852 e 1859, a atual Argentina se encontrava politicamente dividida entre Buenos Aires e a Confederação, que congregava as demais Províncias. Nesse período, diferentes grupos étnicos dos pampas, dos Andes e da Patagônia se organizaram em confederações indígenas com o objetivo de enfrentar os avanços territoriais, defender suas autonomias e a participação em lucrativas redes de comércio. Nesta luta por autonomia política, territorial e comercial, negociaram com os grupos criollos em luta pelo poder, avaliaram seus projetos e aderiram a aquele que os reconheceu enquanto interlocutores políticos e aliados militares. Participantes ativos da política argentina, conseguiram reconquistar territórios e oferecer intensas resistências aos criollos.
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Several mining companies operating in Brazil have been preparing mine closure plans describing end of life actions to ensure long term physical stability, land rehabilitation and, to a certain extent, socioeconomic measures. Most Brazilian and international guidelines, however, skip early closure and only feature guidance to closure planning after reserve depletion. In this paper, two cases of early closure in Australia are reviewed, causes for early closure are explored, criteria to evaluate preparedness to early mine closure are proposed and tested in two mines. It concludes that, despite recent advances, planning for mine closure seldom take account of early closure risks.
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The eye lenses of Parma microlepis from the rocky barrens of Sydney (New South Wales, Australia) were found to contain Ba, Hg, Rb, and Sr at concentrations above the quantitative detection limits of solution-based inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Lenses were separated into the hard central nucleus and the softer surrounding cortex. Nuclei contained lower (equal for Ba) concentrations of these metals. Biochemical analysis of the protein composition of these lenses revealed differences in the ratio of gamma-crystallin to beta-crystallin in the lens nucleus and cortex. These changes were shown to be attributable both to protein degradation and changes in protein synthesis as fish age. Such changes may lead to the loss of sequestered metals from older cell layers, or change the affinity of new layers for particular trace metals. Differential binding affinities of these crystallins may, therefore, partially account for trace-metal differences observed in the lens nucleus and cortex.
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This special section brings together 4 of the 12 studies conducted within a research program analyzing the relationships among social mobilization, governance. and rural development in contemporary Latin America. The introduction Lives an overview of the contemporary significance of social movements For rural development dynamics in the region, and of the principal insights of the section papers and the broader research program of which they were a part. This significance varies Lis an effect of two distinct and uneven geographics: the geography of social movements themselves and the geography of the rural political economy. The effects that movements have oil the political economy of rural development also depend significantly oil internal characteristics of these movements. The paper identifies several such characteristics. The general pattern is that movements have had far more effect oil widening the political inclusiveness of rural development than they have oil improving its economic inclusiveness and dynamism. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The incentives and governance system of organizations are important in explaining how they behave in localized development processes. This article builds on the observation that the literature on territorial development does not generally address the action of social movements. At the same time, research on social movements rarely studies their effects on the territories ill which they act. This text is a contribution to fill this gap. It compares two social movement organizations: a trade union federation and a credit cooperative system operating throughout southern Brazil, Both organizations share common origins and social bases, yet their impacts oil territories have been quite different. The analysis focuses Oil the social ties that link trade unions and cooperatives to their territories to show that governance systems may explain the performance of each organization, especially with regard to their capacity for innovation. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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A ideia da centraliza????o surgiu objetivando que os usu??rios da avia????o civil em todo o pa??s tivessem um tempo de espera igual para a realiza????o de vistorias. A partir do dia 4 de janeiro de 2010, foi institu??da a forma centralizada do controle das vistorias de aeronaves visando ?? melhoria e agilidade do processo. Trata- se de uma centraliza????o virtual, pois cada inspetor permaneceu sediado em seu pr??prio local de origem, por??m cumprindo as miss??es definidas pela coordena????o central, a fim de atender a vistoria em qualquer ponto do territ??rio nacional
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O estudo de caso descreve o processo de planejamento estrat??gico ocorrido em uma organiza????o p??blica e os resultados alcan??ados ap??s a sua implanta????o. A organiza????o, com o nome fict??cio de Companhia de Defesa, desenvolveu seu planejamento estrat??gico com inten????o de aderir ?? administra????o estrat??gica. Os principais problemas reconhecidos pela organiza????o s??o a morosidade, a falta de transpar??ncia e a inefici??ncia de suas a????es. Atuaram no planejamento estrat??gico a alta administra????o, coordenadores nomeados e representantes regionais e uma consultoria especializada. O ambiente organizacional existente ?? ??poca n??o foi prop??cio ao planejamento estrat??gico: mudan??as de dire????o, pouca capacita????o funcional, capilaridade da institui????o e dificuldade de consenso entre planejadores e executores. ?? poss??vel, ??queles que estudarem o caso, contrapor a teoria e a pr??tica do planejamento estrat??gico, identificando boas a????es realizadas e erros cometidos
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O desenvolvimento do Simec (Sistema Integrado de Planejamento, Or??amento e Finan??as do Minist??rio da Educa????o) permitiu melhoria significativa da efici??ncia, efic??cia e efetividade das iniciativas do MEC por meio de sua metodologia, marco institucional e plataforma tecnol??gica, com a integra????o dos processos de planejamento e gest??o das pol??ticas e programas educacionais do governo federal. Desenvolvido em software livre, mediante parceria com diversos ??rg??os de governo, utilizando modernas t??cnicas de mapeamento de processos e ampla participa????o das equipes de trabalho de diferentes secretarias e ??rg??os do MEC, o Simec implicou profundas mudan??as culturais e organizacionais das pr??ticas de governan??a do Minist??rio, bem como de sua forma de relacionamento com parceiros governamentais (estados, munic??pios e outros ??rg??os do governo federal) e da sociedade brasileira. Hoje, 12 ??rg??os, entre minist??rios e governos estaduais, celebraram ou negociam esta formaliza????o de termos de cess??o do sistema com o MEC