933 resultados para Passek, T. P. (Tat i a na Petrovna), 1810-1889.
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The momentum distribution of electrons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom quarks for midrapidity |y|< 0.35 in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV is measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the transverse momentum range 2 < p(T)< 7 GeV/c. The ratio of the yield of electrons from bottom to that from charm is presented. The ratio is determined using partial D/D -> e(+/-)K(-/+)X (K unidentified) reconstruction. It is found that the yield of electrons from bottom becomes significant above 4 GeV/c in p(T). A fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculation agrees with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. The extracted total bottom production cross section at this energy is sigma(bb)=3.2(-1.1)(+1.2)(stat)(-1.3)(+1.4)(syst)mu b.
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We report the observation at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider of suppression of back-to-back correlations in the direct photon+jet channel in Au+Au relative to p+p collisions. Two-particle correlations of direct photon triggers with associated hadrons are obtained by statistical subtraction of the decay photon-hadron (gamma-h) background. The initial momentum of the away-side parton is tightly constrained, because the parton-photon pair exactly balance in momentum at leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics, making such correlations a powerful probe of the in-medium parton energy loss. The away-side nuclear suppression factor, I(AA), in central Au+Au collisions, is 0.32 +/- 0.12(stat)+/- 0.09(syst) for hadrons of 3 < p(T)(h)< 5 in coincidence with photons of 5 < p(T)(gamma)< 15 GeV/c. The suppression is comparable to that observed for high-p(T) single hadrons and dihadrons. The direct photon associated yields in p+p collisions scale approximately with the momentum balance, z(T)equivalent to p(T)(h)/p(T)(gamma), as expected for a measurement of the away-side parton fragmentation function. We compare to Au+Au collisions for which the momentum balance dependence of the nuclear modification should be sensitive to the path-length dependence of parton energy loss.
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The double helicity asymmetry in neutral pion production for p(T) = 1 to 12 GeV/c was measured with the PHENIX experiment to access the gluon-spin contribution, Delta G, to the proton spin. Measured asymmetries are consistent with zero, and at a theory scale of mu 2 = 4 GeV(2) a next to leading order QCD analysis gives Delta G([0.02,0.3]) = 0.2, with a constraint of -0.7 < Delta G([0.02,0.3]) < 0.5 at Delta chi(2) = 9 (similar to 3 sigma) for the sampled gluon momentum fraction (x) range, 0.02 to 0.3. The results are obtained using predictions for the measured asymmetries generated from four representative fits to polarized deep inelastic scattering data. We also consider the dependence of the Delta G constraint on the choice of the theoretical scale, a dominant uncertainty in these predictions.
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The PHENIX experiment presents results from the RHIC 2006 run with polarized p + p collisions at root s = 62.4 GeV, for inclusive pi(0) production at midrapidity. Unpolarized cross section results are measured for transverse momenta p(T) = 0.5 to 7 GeV/c. Next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations are compared with the data, and while the calculations are consistent with the measurements, next-to-leading logarithmic corrections improve the agreement. Double helicity asymmetries A(LL) are presented for p(T) = 1 to 4 GeV/c and probe the higher range of Bjorken x of the gluon (x(g)) with better statistical precision than our previous measurements at root s = 200 GeV. These measurements are sensitive to the gluon polarization in the proton for 0.06 < x(g) < 0.4.
Resumo:
We report on the event structure and double helicity asymmetry (A(LL)) of jet production in longitudinally polarized p + p collisions at root s = 200 GeV. Photons and charged particles were measured by the PHENIX experiment at midrapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.35 with the requirement of a high-momentum (> 2 GeV/c) photon in the event. Event structure, such as multiplicity, p(T) density and thrust in the PHENIX acceptance, were measured and compared with the results from the PYTHIA event generator and the GEANT detector simulation. The shape of jets and the underlying event were well reproduced at this collision energy. For the measurement of jet A(LL), photons and charged particles were clustered with a seed-cone algorithm to obtain the cluster pT sum (p(T)(reco)). The effect of detector response and the underlying events on p(T)(reco) was evaluated with the simulation. The production rate of reconstructed jets is satisfactorily reproduced with the next-to-leading-order and perturbative quantum chromodynamics jet production cross section. For 4< p(T)(reco) < 12 GeV/c with an average beam polarization of < P > = 49% we measured Lambda(LL) = -0.0014 +/- 0.0037(stat) at the lowest p(T)(reco) bin (4-5 GeV= c) and -0.0181 +/- 0.0282(stat) at the highest p(T)(reco) bin (10-12 GeV= c) with a beam polarization scale error of 9.4% and a pT scale error of 10%. Jets in the measured p(T)(reco) range arise primarily from hard-scattered gluons with momentum fraction 0: 02 < x < 0: 3 according to PYTHIA. The measured A(LL) is compared with predictions that assume various Delta G(x) distributions based on the Gluck-Reya-Stratmann-Vogelsang parameterization. The present result imposes the limit -a.1 < integral(0.3)(0.02) dx Delta G(x, mu(2) = GeV2) < 0.4 at 95% confidence level or integral(0.3)(0.002) dx Delta G(x, mu(2) = 1 GeV2) < 0.5 at 99% confidence level.
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Transverse momentum distributions and yields for pi(+/-), K(+/-), p, and (p) over bar in p + p collisions at root s = 200 and 62.4 GeV at midrapidity are measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). These data provide important baseline spectra for comparisons with identified particle spectra in heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We present the inverse slope parameter T(inv), mean transverse momentum < p(T)>, and yield per unit rapidity dN/dy at each energy, and compare them to other measurements at different root s in p + p and p + (p) over bar collisions. We also present the scaling properties such as m(T) scaling and x(T) scaling on the p(T) spectra between different energies. To discuss the mechanism of the particle production in p + p collisions, the measured spectra are compared to next-to-leading-order or next-to-leading-logarithmic perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations.
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We report the measurement of charged D* mesons in inclusive jets produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy root s = 200 GeV with the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. For D* mesons with fractional momenta 0.2< z< 0.5 in inclusive jets with 11.5 GeV mean transverse energy, the production rate is found to be N(D*(+) + D*(-))/N(jet) = 0.015 +/- 0.008(stat) +/- 0.007(sys). This rate is consistent with perturbative QCD evaluation of gluon splitting into a pair of charm quarks and subsequent hadronization.
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Contents This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the exogenous recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin and semen quality of bulls. Twenty bulls (Aberdeen Angus and Brangus) were divided by breed into two groups. Placebo group was injected with NaCl 0.9% (s.c.) and treatment group with rbST (s.c., 500 mg) at days 0 and 14 of the experiment. Immediately after semen collection, blood samples were taken on days 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 of the experiment. Semen was also collected on day 70 of the experiment. Evaluation of sperm motility was performed at pre-freezing and post-thawing stage, whereas assessment of sperm membrane integrity was performed after freezing and thawing. Analysis of data revealed that the effect of treatment and treatment-by-collection day on plasma concentrations of IGF-I and insulin was not significant. However, mean plasma concentrations of IGF-I and insulin were affected (p < 0.0001) by days of blood sampling. Effect of treatment and treatment-by-collection day on motility of spermatozoa was similar (p > 0.05) at pre-freezing and post-thawing stage. Intactness of plasmalemma and tail membrane of spermatozoa at post-thawing stage was higher (p < 0.05) in rbST-treated group than in control. In conclusion, rbST did not affect plasma concentrations of IGF-I and insulin, however, it did improve post-thaw sperm membrane integrity.
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No-tillage systems provide soil changes that affect nutrient dynamics, hence, changing rates and forms of fertilizer application. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of phosphorus (P) and modes of nitrogen (N) and P application in corn under long-term no-tillage in a clayey Oxisol. Two experiments were carried out in the same experimental area and in the same year, in a randomized blocks design with four replications. In experiment I, the treatments consisted of five doses of phosphorus (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of P2O5) applied in the sowing furrow. In experiment II, the treatments consisted of the N and P application modes (topdressing, in the sowing furrow and control - without N and P). Experiment I evaluated the root length, P uptake and grain yield and, the Experiment II, the firing height and yield. The P rates provided linear increases in root length in the 0-10 cm layer, P uptake and grain production. The different modes of application provided differences in the firing height and corn yield. The control treatment (0 kg ha-1 of N and P) provided the highest firing height, superior than those of topdressing and application in the furrow, which were not significantly different. The topdress application of N and P provided an increase in corn yield that exceeded 16 and 42% of the application in the furrow and the control, respectively. Thus, the results confirmed that increasing rates of P2O5, in soil with high initial P content, influence positively corn production factors, but with little significant responses, and the topdress application of N and P on soil with high P content, without water restriction, provided increased grain yield in relation to the application in the furrow.
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Alguns procedimentos descritos na literatura (ultrasom, água destilada, NaOH, TRITON x 100 e congelamento-descongelamenao) foram avaliados determinando o melhor extrato antigênico para a reação de hemaglutinação indireta (RHI) no diagnóstico sorológico da doença de Chagas. Para isso, foram ensaiados 30 soros de indivÃduos chagásicos e 30 soros de indivÃduos não chagásicos. A reação de imuno-fluorescência indireta foi considerada como reação de referência no cálculo dos indices de co-positividade (i.c.p.) e co-negatividade (i.cn.). O valor do i.c.p, para a RHI com antÃgeno obtido por NaOH foi mais elevado do que para os outros antÃgenos. Os cinco antÃgenos apresentaram valores máximos para o i.cn., indicando boa especificdade. Os tÃtulos apresentados pelos soros chagásicos com antÃgeno obtido por NaOH foram, significativamente, superiores aos demais antÃgenos. A avaliação de cinco partidas de antÃgeno extraÃdas por NaOH em épocas diversas indicam boa sensibilidade, especificidade e reprodutibilidade de resultados, traduzidas pelos valores elevados para os i.c.p. e i.cn., além de tÃtulos próximos entre si.
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Four laboratory-raised colonies of two karyotypic forms of Anopheles aconitus, i.e., Form B (Chiang Mai and Phet Buri strains) and C (Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son strains), were experimentally infected with Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax using an artificial membrane feeding technique and dissected eight and 12 days after feeding for oocyst and sporozoite rates, respectively. The results revealed that An. aconitus Form B and C were susceptible to P. falciparum and P. vivax, i.e., Form B (Chiang Mai and Phet Buri strains/P. falciparum and P. vivax) and Form C (Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son strains/P. vivax). Comparative statistical analyses of the oocyst rates, average number of oocysts per infected midgut and sporozoite rates among all strains of An. aconitus Form B and C to the ingroup control vectors, An. minimus A and C, exhibited mostly no significant differences, confirming the high potential vector of the two Plasmodium species. The sporozoite-like crystals found in the median lobe of the salivary glands, which could be a misleading factor in the identification of true sporozoites in salivary glands were found in both An. aconitus Form B and C.
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El presente proyecto propone analizar las modificaciones que produce el ayuno sobre los depósitos de lÃpidos en cuerpo graso de dos vectores del Trypanosoma cruzi: Depetalogaster maximus y Panstrongylus megistus, ambos con hábitat diferentes, el primero silvestre y el segundo tanto domiciliario como peri domiciliario. Estos resultados permitirán un mejor conocimiento de la fisiologÃa de estos insectos y la importancia de las reservas lipÃdicas como un elemento nutricional de relevancia en la concreción del vuelo. Sin dudas contribuirá al campo de la EpidemiologÃa Médica, en cuanto será posible el diseño de programas de lucha más racionales, ya que si bien es considerada la dispersión en vuelo como un hecho importante, sus fundamentos son el producto de observaciones empÃricas de vuelo en laboratorio o en campo sin una adecuada fundamentación fisiologÃa y bioquÃmica. Objetivo general: Realizar estudios en el cuerpo graso de dos especies de vectores de la Enfermedad de Chagas, pertenecientes a ecotopos diferentes: Panstrongylus megistus (peri domiciliario) y Depetalogaster maximus (silvestre) tendientes a conocer las modificaciones inducidas por el ayuno en la composición lipÃdica de reserva en el órgano. Se analizarán a distintos tiempos post alimentación triacilgliceroles, diacilgliceroles y la composición en ácidos grasos de ambas fracciones. También será analizada la transformación en hemolinfa de la lipoforina HDLp en partÃculas de menor densidad, LDLp en la especie P. megistus , ayunados y sometidos a vuelo en laboratorio.
Resumo:
Objetivos Generales: Mediante el abordaje experimental desde el punto de vista fisiológico, bioquÃmico y molecular se pretende conocer la respuesta adaptativa de P. aeruginosa frente a diferentes estÃmulos ambientales tales como osmolaridad, pH y distintos tipos de ayuno nutricional. Objetivos EspecÃficos: Aspectos BioquÃmicos a) Se continuarán los estudios de las propiedades cinéticas y fisicoquÃmicas de la fosforilcolina fosfatasa de P. aeruginosa. b) Se caracterizarán los sistemas de transporte en P. aeruginosa para: compuestos de amonio cuaternario (colina, betaÃna, carnitina, N-trimetillisina); aminoácidos básicos (lisina, arginina) y ácidos (glutámico); poliaminas y Pi. Se tratará de establecer la presencia o ausencia de proteÃnas unidoras periplásmicas para estos compuestos. c) Se tratará de establecer la relación entre el metabolismo de colina y otros compuestos de amonio cuaternario con el metabolismo del ácido glutámico y trealosa en P. aeruginosa crecidas en medios iso e hiperosmolares obtenidos con soluciones salinas y solutos no ionizables. d) Se tratará de establecer en P. aeruginosa el recambio o destino metabólico del Pi y colina que se produce cuando la bacteria se enfrenta a diferentes situaciones nutricionales y otros tipos de estÃmulos tales como pHs extremos y distinta osmolaridad, tanto a nivel de proteÃnas periplásmicas, citosólicas, de membranas interna y citosólica, fosfolÃpidos, glucofosfolÃpidos, glucolÃpidos y lipopolisacáridos (LPS) y compuestos fosforilados de bajo peso molecular, ej. acetilfosfato, alarmonas, etc. Aspectos Genéticos y Moleculares a) Se obtendrán mutantes de P. aeruginosa con fenotipos caracterÃsticos relacionados con los puntos anteriores. (...) b) Se construirá la librerÃa genómica de P. aeruginosa en cósmido, plásmido y cDNA. Posteriormente se pretende la identificación, clonado y secuenciación de los genes relacionados con: 1) La sÃntesis de la fosfatasa ácida, colinesterasa y PLC. 2) El transporte de compuestos de amonio cuaternario, teniendo en cuanta que, al menos para colina, existen dos componententes, uno de alta y otro de baja afinidad. 3) La sÃntesis de las enzimas responsables de la oxidación de colina hasta betaÃna, vÃa la formación de aldehÃdo de betaÃna. (...) 4) La sÃntesis de las enzimas responsables de la degradación de betaÃna hasta glicina. (...) 5) La sÃntesis de las enzimas responsables del metabolismo de carnitina en condiciones de alta y baja osmolaridad. (...) 6) La adaptabilidad de la bacteria al pH en condiciones de baja osmolaridad. (...)
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El proyecto propone realizar estudios multidisciplinarios para profundizar el conocimiento sobre las peculiaridades morfológicas, sistemáticas y evolutivas en géneros americanos -con especial referencia a los que crecen en nuestro paÃs- de la familia Solanaceas. Los géneros a estudiar desde el punto de vista taxonómico son: Larnax Miers, Grabowskia Schlecht., Hawkesiophyton Hunz., Cestrum L., Sessea R. et P. y Nicotiana L. El polen se analizará en representantes de Latua Phil., Nierembergia R. et P., Bouchetia Dunal y Salpiglossis R.et P. Además, se profundizará en el conocimiento de las estructuras estaminales en las tribus Jaboroseae Miers, Datureae Rchb., Juanulloeae Hunz., Francisceae G. Don y Browallieae Hunz. Con la información obtenida, se apuntará a ratificar o rectificar -mediante estudios micromorfológicos comparativos- los sistemas clasificatorios vigentes.
Resumo:
El objetivo general de este proyecto es dilucidar los mecanismos de acción a nivel molecular de enzimas y proteÃnas involucradas en el metabolismo de colina en Pseudomonas aeruginosa, con énfasis en la identificación de residuos aminoacÃdicos crÃticos y regulación de la expresión de los genes en estudio. Los objetivos especÃficos que se palntean involucran abordajes bioquÃmicos y moleculares y serán llevados a cabo mediante técnicas de biologÃa molecular y bioquÃmica (mutación sitio-dirigida, deleción génica, expresión y purificación de proteÃnas, fusión transcripcional a genes reporteros, etc). Planteo de hipótesis: las proteÃnas que se inducen por colina (fosforilcolina fosfatasa (PchP), fosfolipasa C (PlcH), acetilcolinestera (AchE), proteÃnas periplásmicas unidoras de colina (PUch) podrÃan compartir: a) una organización génica y responder a la regulación por proteÃnas regulatorias o a factores ambientales de manera similar; b) residuos aminoacÃdicos conservados que intervengan en la unión o interacción con diferentes ligandos, principalmente, colina. Para ello, se plantean los siguientes Objetivos EspecÃficos: 1) identificar las zonas promotoras de los genes que codifican para PchP, PlcH, AchE y PUch, a fin de localizar posibles sitios de unión a proteÃnas reguladoras y los factores ambientales que afectan la actividad promotora. 2) determinar en las proteÃnas mencionadas los residuos aminoacÃdicos de importancia involucrados en la catálisis y en la interacción con ligandos, principalmente en la unión a compuestos de alquilamonio; 3) Se iniciarán estudios que demuestren la relación entre la inducción por colina de varios factores de patogenicidad la virulencia del microorganismo, empleando mutantes simples o múltiples en estos factores y como modelo de patogenicidad el nematodo C. elegans. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se pretende tener un conocimiento profundo sobre la regulación molecular y bioquÃmica de varias enzimas comprometidas en la patologÃa que produce P. aeruginosa. Esto más el conocimiento de la fisiologÃa de este microorganismo abre el camino para la búsqueda de posibles blancos de acción de drogas. Por otro lado, se espera tener un conocimiento integral sobre la regulación de la expresión de las actividades enzimáticas relacionadas con el metabolismo de colina y la respuesta de P. aeruginosa ante la presencia de compuestos de alquilamonio utilizados como nutrientes. Se espera conocer el papel que desempeña cada uno de los sitios de unión a los diferentes ligandos para el funcionamiento y control de las enzimas mencionadas y explicar el comportamiento diferencial de las enzimas frente a distintos sustratos y otros ligandos. El conocimiento de los sitios de unión a compuestos de alquilamonio permitirá encontrar esos dominios en diferentes proteÃnas del género Pseudomonas y otras bacterias Gram negativas. Desde el punto de vista evolutivo, se podrá comparar la similitud de los sitios de unión a colina entre proteÃnas de organismos eucariotas con procariotas (ej. PUch de bacterias Gram positivas, transportadores de colina, proteÃna C reactiva, AchE de eucariotas contra las encontradas en bacterias del género Pseudomonas, fosfolipasas A, C o D, etc.). Este proyecto permitirá concretar al menos dos tesis doctorales (Sanchez, Otero) más varios trabajos finales de grado (tesinas) que son y serán realizados por alumnos de la carrera de MicrobiologÃa en la UNRC. Les permitirá a los doctorandos y a los alumnos de grado adquirir una formación bastante integral ya que utilizarán herramientas de la fisiologÃa general bacteriana, de la bioquÃmica clásica, de la biologÃa molecular y de la bioinformática.